References
- Baccolo, E., & Macchi Cassia, V. (2019). Individual differences in perceptual sensitivity and representation of facial signals of trustworthiness. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 45(2), 224–236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000601
- Baccolo, E., & Macchi Cassia, V. (2020). Age-related differences in sensitivity to facial trustworthiness: Perceptual representation and the role of emotional development. Child Development, 91(5), 1529–1547. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13340
- Balas, B. J., Nelson, C. A., Westerlund, A., Vogel-Farley, V., Riggins, T., & Kuefner, D. (2010). Personal familiarity influences the processing of upright and inverted faces in infants. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 4, 1. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.09.001.2010
- Bar, M., Neta, M., & Linz, H. (2006). Very first impressions. Emotion, 6(2), 269–278. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.6.2.269
- Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Borgogni, L., & Perugini, M. (1993). The “big five questionnaire”: A new questionnaire to assess the five factor model. Personality and Individual Differences, 15(3), 281–288. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(93)90218-R
- Cogsdill, E. J., Todorov, A. T., Spelke, E. S., & Banaji, M. R. (2014). Inferring character from faces: A developmental study. Psychological Science, 25(5), 1132–1139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614523297
- Crookes, K., Ewing, L., Gildenhuys, J., Kloth, N., G., Oxner, M., W. H., Rhodes, G., Pond, S., & Rhodes, G. (2015). How well do computer-generated faces tap face expertise? Plos One, 10(11), e0141353. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141353
- Davidson, R. (1983). Hemispheric specialization for cognition and affect. In A. Gale & J. Edwards (Eds.), Physiological correlates of human behaviour (pp. 203–216). Academic Press.
- de Haan, M., & Nelson, C. A. (1997). Recognition of the mother’s face by six-month old infants: A neurobehavioral study. Child Development, 68(2), 187–210. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/1131845
- DeBruine, L. (2017). Webmorph (Version v0.0.0.9001). Zenodo. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1073696
- Dzhelyova, M., Perrett, D. I., & Jentzsch, I. (2012). Temporal dynamics of trustworthiness perception. Brain Research, 1435, 81–90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2011.11.043
- El Zein, M., Wyart, V., & Grèzes, J. (2018). Pervasive influence of idiosyncratic associative biases during facial emotion recognition. Scientific reports, 8(1), 8804. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27102-z
- Ewing, L., Caulfield, F., Read, A., & Rhodes, G. (2015). Perceived trustworthiness of faces drives trust behaviour in children. Developmental Science, 18(2), 327–334. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12218
- Fantz, R. L. (1958). Pattern vision in young infants. The Psychological Record, 8(2), 43–47. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03393306
- Farroni, T., Menon, E., Rigato, S., & Johnson, M. (2007). The perception of facial expressions in newborns. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 4(1), 2–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/17405620601046832
- Gredebäck, G., Kaduk, K., Bakker, M., Gottwald, J., Ekberg, T., Elsner, C., Reid, V., & Kenward, B. (2015). The neuropsychology of infants’ pro-social preferences. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 106–113. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2015.01.006
- Grossmann, T., Oberecker, R., Koch, S. P., & Friederici, A. D. (2010). The developmental origins of voice processing in the human brain. Neuron, 65(6), 852–858. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2010.03.001
- Halit, H., de Haan, M., & Johnson, M. H. (2003). Cortical specialisation for face processing: Face-sensitive event-related potential components in 3- and 12-month-old infants. Neuroimage, 19(3), 1180–1193. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00076-4
- Hamlin, J. K., & Wynn, K. (2011). Young infants prefer prosocial to antisocial others. Cognitive Development, 26(1), 30–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.0.3.248/j.cogdev.2010.09.001
- Hoehl, S. (2013). Emotion processing in infancy. Contributions to Human Development, 26, 1–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1159/000354346
- Humphreys, K., Kircanski, K., Colich, N., & Gotlib, I. (2016). Attentional avoidance of fearful facial expressions following early life stress is associated with impaired social functioning. Journal Of Child Psychology And Psychiatry, And Allied Disciplines, 57, 1174-82, 57(10), 1174–1182. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12607
- In-Albon, T., Kossowsky, J., & Schneider, S. (2010). Vigilance and avoidance of threat in the eye movements of children with separation anxiety disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38(2), 225–235. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-009-9359-4
- Jack, R. E., & Schyns, P. G. (2015). Review: The human face as a dynamic tool for social communication. Current Biology, 25(14), R621. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.05.052
- Jessen, S., & Grossmann, T. (2016). Neural and behavioral evidence for infants‘ sensitivity to the trustworthiness of faces. Journal Of Cognitive Neuroscience, 28(11), 1728–1736. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00999
- Jessen, S., & Grossmann, T. (2017). Neural evidence for the subliminal processing of facial trustworthiness in infancy. Neuropsychologia, 126, 46–53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.04.025
- Jessen, S., & Grossmann, T. (2019). Neural evidence for the impact of facial trustworthiness on object processing in a gaze-cueing task in 7-month-old infants. Social Neuroscience, 9, 1–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/17470919.2019.1651764
- Leppänen, J., Moulson, M. C., Vogel-Farley, V. K., & Nelson, C. A. (2007). An ERP study of emotional face processing in the adult and infant brain. Child Development, 78(1), 232–245. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.00994.x
- Lischke, A., Junge, M., Hamm, A. O., & Weymar, M. (2018). Enhanced processing of untrustworthiness in natural faces with neutral expressions. Emotion, 18(2), 181–189. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000318
- Luck, S. J. (2005). An introduction to the event-related potential technique. MIT Press.
- Macchi Cassia, V., Kuefner, D., Westerlund, A., & Nelson, C. A. (2006). A behavioural and ERP investigation of 3-month-olds’ face preferences. Neuropsychologia, 44(11), 2113–2125. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.11.014
- Martinos, M., Matheson, A., & de Haan, M. (2012). Links between infant temperament and neurophysiological measures of attention to happy and fearful faces. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(11), 1118–1127. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02599.x
- Marzi, T., Righi, S., Ottonello, S., Cincotta, M., & Viggiano, M. P. (2014). Trust at first sight: Evidence from ERPs. Social Cognitive And Affective Neuroscience, 9(1), 63–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nss102
- Meconi, F., Luria, R., & Sessa, P. (2014). Individual differences in anxiety predict neural measures of visual working memory for untrustworthy faces. Social Cognitive And Affective Neuroscience, 9(12), 1872–1879. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nst189
- Montoya, L., Westerlund, A., Troller-Renfree, S., Righi, G., & Nelson, C. A. (2017). The effect of heterogeneous race exposure during infancy. Cognitive Development, 42, 74–83. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2017.02.014
- Nelson, C. A., Westerlund, A., McDermott, J., Zeanah, C., & Fox, N. (2013). Emotion recognition following early psychosocial deprivation. Development And Psychopathology, 25(2), 517–525. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412001216
- Oosterhof, N. N., & Todorov, A. (2008). The functional basis of face evaluation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105, 11087. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805664105
- Oosterhof, N. N., & Todorov, A. (2009). Shared perceptual basis of emotional expressions and trustworthiness impressions from faces. Emotion, 9(1), 128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014520
- Peltola, M. J., Yrttiaho, S., & Leppänen, J. M. (2018). Infants’ attention bias to faces as an early marker of social development. Developmental Science, 21(6), e12687. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12687
- Putnam, S. P., Helbig, A. L., Gartstein, M. A., Rothbart, M. K., & Leerkes, E. (2014). Development and assessment of short and very short forms of the infant behavior questionnaire–revised. Journal of Personality Assessment, 96(4), 445–458. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2013.841171
- Quadrelli, E., Conte, S., Macchi Cassia, V., & Turati, C. (2019). Emotion in motion: Facial dynamics affect infants‘ neural processing of emotions. Developmental Psychobiology, 61(6), 843–858. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21860
- Rajhans, P., Missana, M., Krol, K., & Grossmann, T. (2015). The association of temperament and maternal empathy with individual differences in infants’ neural responses to emotional body expressions. Development and Psychopathology, 27(4pt1), 1205–1216. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579415000772
- Ramsey-Rennels, J. L., & Langlois, J. H. (2006). Infants’ differential processing of female and male faces. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15(2), 59–62. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.0.4.87/j.0963-7214.2006.00407.x
- Ravicz, M. M., Perdue, K., Westerlund, A., Vanderwert, R. E., & Nelson, C. A. (2015). Infants’ neural responses to facial emotion in the prefrontal cortex are correlated with temperament: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 922. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00922
- Rennels, J. L., & Davis, R. E. (2008). Facial experience during the first year. Infant Behavior & Development, 31(4), 665678. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.0.3.248/j.infbeh.2008.04.009
- Reynolds, G. D., & Richards, J. E. (2005). Familiarization, attention,and recognition memory in infancy: An event-related potential and cortical source localization study. Developmental Psychology, 41(4), 598–615. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.41.4.598
- Rigato, S., Farroni, T., & Johnson, M. H. (2010). The shared signal hypothesis and neural responses to expressions and gaze in infants and adults. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 5(1), 88–97. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsp037
- Righi, G., Westerlund, A., Congdon, E. L., Troller-Renfree, S., & Nelson, C. A. (2014). Infants’ experience-dependent processing of male and female faces: Insights from eye tracking and event-related potentials. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 8, 144–152. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2013.09.005
- Sakuta, Y., Kanazawa, S., & Yamaguchi, M. (2018). Infants prefer a trustworthy person: An early sign of social cognition in infants. PlosOne, 13(e0203541), e0203541. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203541
- Serrano, J. M., Iglesias, J., & Loeches, A. (1995). Brief report: Infants’ responses to adult static facial expressions. Infant Behavior and Development, 18(4), 477–482. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-6383(95)90036-5
- Stets, M., Stahl, D., & Reid, V. M. (2012). A meta-analysis investigating factors underlying attrition rates in infant ERP studies. Developmental Neuropsychology, 37(3), 226–252. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2012.654867
- Sugden, N. A., Mohamed-Ali, M. I., & Moulson, M. C. (2014). I spy with my little eye: Typical, daily exposure to faces documented from a first-person infant perspective. Developmental Psychobiology, 56(2), 249–261. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21183
- Sutherland, C. A. M., Young, A. W., Mootz, C. A., & Oldmeadow, J. A. (2015). Face gender and stereotypicality influence facial trait evaluation: Counter-stereotypical female faces are negatively evaluated. British Journal of Psychology, 106(2), 186208. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12085
- Todorov, A., Olivola, C. Y., Dotsch, R., & Mende-Siedlecki, P. (2015). Social attributions from faces: Determinants, consequences, accuracy, and functional significance. Annual Review of Psychology, 66(1), 519–545. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143831
- Vaish, A., Grossman, T., & Woodward, A. (2008). Not all emotions are created equal: The negativity bias in social-emotional development. Psychological Bulletin, 134(3), 383–403. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.134.3.383
- van den Boomen, C., Munsters, N. M., & Kemner, C. (2019). Emotion processing in the infant brain: The importance of local information. Neuropsychologia, 126, 62–68. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.09.006
- Willis, J., & Todorov, A. (2006). First impressions: Making up your mind after a 100-ms exposure to a face. Psychological Science, 17(7), 592. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01750.x
- Yang, D., Qi, S., Ding, C., & Song, Y. (2011). An ERP study on the time course of facial trustworthiness appraisal. Neuroscience Letters, 496(3), 147–151. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2011.03.066
- Zebrowitz, L. A., Fellous, J. M., Mignault, A., & Andreoletti, C. (2003). Trait impressions as overgeneralized responses to adaptively significant facial qualities: Evidence from connectionist modeling. Personality And Social Psychology Review: An Official Journal Of The Society For Personality And Social Psychology, 7(3), 194–215. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0703_01