1,961
Views
57
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Management of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy

ORCID Icon, , , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 195-205 | Received 08 Dec 2018, Accepted 18 Feb 2019, Published online: 18 Mar 2019

References

  • Maude SL, Teachey DT, Porter DL, et al. CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2015;125(26):4017–4023.
  • Ruella M, Kalos M. Adoptive immunotherapy for cancer. Immunol Rev. 2014;257(1):14–38.
  • June CH, Sadelain M. Chimeric antigen receptor therapy. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(1):64–73.
  • Lee DW, Kochenderfer JN, Stetler-Stevenson M, et al. T cells expressing CD19 chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults: A phase 1 dose-escalation trial. Lancet. 2015;385(9967):517–528.
  • Grupp SA, Kalos M, Barrett D, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor–modified T cells for acute lymphoid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(16):1509–1518.
  • Brentjens RJ, Davila ML, Riviere I, et al. CD19-targeted T cells rapidly induce molecular remissions in adults with chemotherapy-refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Transl Med. 2013;5(177):138–177.
  • Porter DL, Levine BL, Kalos M, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor–modified T cells in Chronic Lymphoid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(8):725–733.
  • Kochenderfer JN, Dudley ME, Feldman SA, et al. B-cell depletion and remissions of malignancy along with cytokine-associated toxicity in a clinical trial of anti-CD19 chimeric-antigen-receptor–transduced T cells. Blood. 2012;119(12):2709–2720.
  • Davila ML, Riviere I, Wang X, et al. Efficacy and toxicity management of 19-28z CAR T cell therapy in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Transl Med. 2014;6(224):224ra25.
  • Turtle CJ, Hay KA, Hanafi L-A, et al. Durable molecular remissions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor–modified T cells after failure of ibrutinib. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(26):3010–3020.
  • Turtle CJ, Hanafi L-A, Berger C, et al. CD19 CAR–T cells of defined CD4+: CD8+composition in adult B cell ALL patients. J Clin Invest. 2016;126(6):2123–2138.
  • Maude SL, Frey N, Shaw PA, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for sustained remissions in leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(16):1507–1517.
  • Neelapu SS, Locke FL, Bartlett NL, et al. Axicabtagene ciloleucel CAR T-cell therapy in refractory large B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(26):2531–2544.
  • Schuster SJ, Svoboda J, Chong EA, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells in refractory B-cell lymphomas. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(26):2545–2554.
  • Brudno JN, Kochenderfer JN. Toxicities of chimeric antigen receptor T cells: Recognition and management. Blood. 2016;127(26):3321–3330.
  • Xu X-J, Tang Y-M. Cytokine release syndrome in cancer immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cells. Cancer Lett. 2014;343(2):172–178.
  • Namuduri M, Brentjens RJ. Medical management of side effects related to CAR T cell therapy in hematologic malignancies. Expert Rev Hematol. 2016;9(6):511–513.
  • Hay KA, Hanafi L-A, Li D, et al. Kinetics and biomarkers of severe cytokine release syndrome after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell therapy. Blood. 2017;130(21):2295–2306.
  • CAR T cells infiltrate brain, safely target tumors. Cancer Discov. 2017. Available from: http://cancerdiscovery.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2017/07/28/2159-8290.CD-NB2017-109
  • Raje NS, Berdeja JG, Lin Y, et al. bb2121 anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: Updated results from a multicenter phase I study. J clin oncol. 2018;36(15_suppl):8007.
  • Foster JB, Maude SL. New developments in immunotherapy for pediatric leukemia. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2018;30(1):25–29.
  • Ruella M, Gill S. How to train your T cell: Genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor T cells versus bispecific T-cell engagers to target CD19 in B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2015;15(6):761–766.
  • Giavridis T, Sjc VDS, Eyquem J, et al. CAR T cell–induced cytokine release syndrome is mediated by macrophages and abated by IL-1 blockade. Nat Med. 2018;24(6):731–738.
  • Norelli M, Camisa B, Barbiera G, et al. Monocyte-derived IL-1 and IL-6 are differentially required for cytokine-release syndrome and neurotoxicity due to CAR T cells. Nat Med. 2018;24(6):739–748.
  • Neelapu SS, Tummala S, Kebriaei P, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy — assessment and management of toxicities. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15(1):47–62.
  • Taraseviciute A, Tkachev V, Ponce R, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell–mediated neurotoxicity in nonhuman primates. Cancer Discov. 2018;8(6):750–763.
  • Singh N, Hofmann TJ, Gershenson Z, et al. Monocyte lineage-derived IL-6 does not affect chimeric antigen receptor T-cell function. Cytotherapy. 2017;19(7):867–880.
  • Kalos M, Levine BL, Porter DL, et al. T cells with chimeric antigen receptors have potent antitumor effects and can establish memory in patients with advanced leukemia. Sci Transl Med. 2011;3(95):95ra73.
  • Lee DW, Gardner R, Porter DL, et al. Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of cytokine release syndrome. Blood. 2014;124(2):188–195.
  • Obstfeld AE, Frey NV, Mansfield K, et al. Cytokine release syndrome associated with chimeric-antigen receptor T-cell therapy: Clinicopathological insights. Blood. 2017;130(23):2569–2572.
  • Gust J, Hay KA, Hanafi L-A, et al. Endothelial activation and blood–brain barrier disruption in neurotoxicity after adoptive immunotherapy with CD19 CAR-T cells. Cancer Discov. 2017;7(12):1404–1419.
  • Porter DL, Hwang W-T, Frey NV, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells persist and induce sustained remissions in relapsed refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Sci Transl Med. 2015;7(303):303ra139.
  • Abramson JS, Palomba L, Gordon LI, et al. Transcend NHL 001: Immunotherapy with the CD19-directed CAR T-cell product JCAR017 results in high complete response rates in relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2016;128(22):4192.
  • Fitzgerald JC, Weiss SL, Maude SL, et al. Cytokine release syndrome after chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Crit Care Med. 2017;45(2):e124–31.
  • Lee DW, Santomasso BD, Locke FL, et al. ASBMT consensus grading for cytokine release syndrome and neurologic toxicity associated with immune effector cells. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2018 Dec 25. pii: S1083-8791(18)31691-4. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.12.758. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Morgan RA, Yang JC, Kitano M, et al. Case report of a serious adverse event following the administration of T cells transduced with a chimeric antigen receptor recognizing ERBB2. Mol Ther. 2010;18(4):843–851.
  • Kochenderfer JN, Wilson WH, Janik JE, et al. Eradication of B-lineage cells and regression of lymphoma in a patient treated with autologous T cells genetically engineered to recognize CD19. Blood. 2010;116(20):4099–4102.
  • Brentjens R, Yeh R, Bernal Y, et al. Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with genetically targeted autologous T cells: Case report of an unforeseen adverse event in a Phase I clinical trial. Mol Ther. 2010;18(4):666–668.
  • Teachey DT, Lacey SF, Shaw PA, et al. Identification of predictive biomarkers for cytokine release syndrome after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Discov. 2016;6(6):664–679.
  • Schultz DR, Arnold PI. Properties of four acute phase proteins: C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, and fibrinogen. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1990;20(3):129–147.
  • Pepys MB, Hirschfield GM. C-reactive protein: A critical update. J Clin Invest. 2003;111(12):1805–1812.
  • Locke FL, Neelapu SS, Bartlett NL, et al. Phase 1 results of ZUMA-1: A multicenter study of KTE-C19 Anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy in refractory aggressive lymphoma. Mol Ther. 2017;25(1):285–295.
  • Hu Y, Sun J, Wu Z, et al. Predominant cerebral cytokine release syndrome in CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell therapy. J Hematol Oncol. 2016;9(1):70.
  • Fry TJ, Shah NN, Orentas RJ, et al. CD22-targeted CAR T cells induce remission in B-ALL that is naive or resistant to CD19-targeted CAR immunotherapy. Nat Med. 2018;24(1):20–28.
  • Locke FL, Neelapu SS, Bartlett NL, et al. Clinical and biologic covariates of outcomes in ZUMA-1: A pivotal trial of axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel; KTE-C19) in patients with refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (r-NHL). J clin oncol. 2017;35(15_suppl):7512.
  • Maude SL, Laetsch TW, Buechner J, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in children and young adults with B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(5):439–448.
  • Gofshteyn JS, Shaw PA, Teachey DT, et al. Neurotoxicity after CTL019 in a pediatric and young adult cohort. Ann Neurol. 2018;84(4):537–546.
  • Jones G, Tocilizumab: DC. A review of its safety and efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;3:81–89.
  • Oldfield V, Dhillon S, Plosker GL. Tocilizumab. Drugs. 2009;69(5):609–632.
  • Teachey DT, Rheingold SR, Maude SL, et al. Cytokine release syndrome after blinatumomab treatment related to abnormal macrophage activation and ameliorated with cytokine-directed therapy. Blood. 2013;121(26):5154–5157.
  • Lang VR, Englbrecht M, Rech J, et al. Risk of infections in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tocilizumab. Rheumatology. 2012;51(5):852–857.
  • Actemra [package insert]. San Francisco, CA: Genentech, Inc.; 2018.
  • Yescarta [package insert]. Santa Monica, CA: Kite Pharma, Inc.; 2017.
  • Liu Y-C, Stone K, van Rhee F. Siltuximab for multicentric Castleman disease. Expert Rev Hematol. 2014;7(5):545–557.
  • Williams SCP. First IL-6-blocking drug nears approval for rare blood disorder. Nat Med. 2013;19(10):1193.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.