Therapeutic challenges of managing inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly patient

References

• Loftus EV Jr., Silverstein MD, Sandborn WJ, et al. Crohn’s disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1940-1993: incidence, prevalence, and survival. Gastroenterology. 1998;114(6):1161–1168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piront P, Louis E, Latour P, et al. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases in the elderly in the province of Liege. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2002;26(2):157–161.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Katz S, Feldstein R. Inflammatory bowel disease of the elderly: a wake-up call. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2008;4(5):337–347.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gower-Rousseau C, Vasseur F, Fumery M, et al. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases: new insights from a French population-based registry (EPIMAD). Dig Liver Dis. 2013;45(2):89–94.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harper PC, McAuliffe TL, Beeken WL. Crohn’s disease in the elderly. A statistical comparison with younger patients matched for sex and duration of disease. Arch Intern Med. 1986;146(4):753–755.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Charpentier C, Salleron J, Savoye G, et al. Natural history of elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based cohort study. Gut. 2014;63(3):423–432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruel J, Ruane D, Mehandru S, et al. IBD across the age spectrum: is it the same disease? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;11(2):88–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vavricka SR, Rogler G. Treatment of severe ulcerative colitis: differences in elderly patients? Dig Dis. 2009;27(3):315–321.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lichtenstein GR, Hanauer SB, Sandborn WJ. Management of Crohn’s disease in adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009;104(2):465–483. quiz 64, 84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kornbluth A, Sachar DB. Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults: American college of gastroenterology, practice parameters committee. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105(3):501–523. quiz 24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dignass A, Van Assche G, Lindsay JO, et al. The second European evidence-based Consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn’s disease: current management. J Crohns Colitis. 2010;4(1):28–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dignass A, Lindsay JO, Sturm A, et al. Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis part 2: current management. J Crohns Colitis. 2012;6(10):991–1030.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qato DM, Alexander GC, Conti RM, et al. Use of prescription and over-the-counter medications and dietary supplements among older adults in the United States. Jama. 2008;300(24):2867–2878.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juneja M, Baidoo L, Schwartz MB, et al. Geriatric inflammatory bowel disease: phenotypic presentation, treatment patterns, nutritional status, outcomes, and comorbidity. Dig Dis Sci. 2012;57(9):2408–2415.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muller AF, Stevens PE, McIntyre AS, et al. Experience of 5-aminosalicylate nephrotoxicity in the United Kingdom. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;21(10):1217–1224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gisbert JP, Gonzalez-Lama Y, Mate J. 5-Aminosalicylates and renal function in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2007;13(5):629–638.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz S, Pardi DS. Inflammatory bowel disease of the elderly: frequently asked questions (FAQs). Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106(11):1889–1897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Boer NK, Wong DR, Jharap B, et al. Dose-dependent influence of 5-aminosalicylates on thiopurine metabolism. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102(12):2747–2753.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stallmach A, Hagel S, Gharbi A, et al. Medical and surgical therapy of inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly - prospects and complications. J Crohns Colitis. 2011;5(3):177–188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ha CY. Medical management of inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly: balancing safety and efficacy. Clin Geriatr Med. 2014;30(1):67–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ford AC, Khan KJ, Sandborn WJ, et al. Once-daily dosing vs. conventional dosing schedule of mesalamine and relapse of quiescent ulcerative colitis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106(12):2070–2077. quiz 78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakatos PL, David G, Pandur T, et al. IBD in the elderly population: results from a population-based study in Western Hungary, 1977-2008. J Crohns Colitis. 2011;5(1):5–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• del Val JH. Old-age inflammatory bowel disease onset: a different problem? World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17(22):2734–2739.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morgacheva O, Furst DE. Use of MTX in the elderly and in patients with compromised renal function. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2010;28(5 Suppl 61):S85–S94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lichtenstein GR, Feagan BG, Cohen RD, et al. Serious infection and mortality in patients with Crohn’s disease: more than 5 years of follow-up in the TREAT registry. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012;107(9):1409–1422.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaugerie L, Brousse N, Bouvier AM, et al. Lymphoproliferative disorders in patients receiving thiopurines for inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective observational cohort study. Lancet. 2009;374(9701):1617–1625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long MD, Martin CF, Pipkin CA, et al. Risk of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2012;143(2):390–399 e1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis JD, Schwartz JS, Lichtenstein GR. Azathioprine for maintenance of remission in Crohn’s disease: benefits outweigh the risk of lymphoma. Gastroenterology. 2000;118(6):1018–1024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forslund T, Borgmastars H, Fyrquist F. Captopril-associated leucopenia confirmed by rechallenge in patient with renal failure. Lancet. 1981;1(8212):166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seinen ML, van Asseldonk DP, De Boer NK, et al. The effect of allopurinol and low-dose thiopurine combination therapy on the activity of three pivotal thiopurine metabolizing enzymes: results from a prospective pharmacological study. J Crohns Colitis. 2013;7(10):812–819.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourre-Tessier J, Haraoui B. Methotrexate drug interactions in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. J Rheumatol. 2010;37(7):1416–1421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naganuma M, Kunisaki R, Yoshimura N, et al. A prospective analysis of the incidence of and risk factors for opportunistic infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Gastroenterol. 2013;48(5):595–600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali T, Lam D, Bronze MS, et al. Osteoporosis in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Med. 2009;122(7):599–604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer CM, Budesonide MD. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease. Drugs. 1995;50(5):854–872.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoon EJ, Bollani S, Mills PR, et al. Bone mineral density in relation to efficacy and side effects of budesonide and prednisolone in Crohn’s disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;3(2):113–121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lichtenstein GR. Budesonide multi-matrix for the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis. Dig Dis Sci. 2016;61(2):358–370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bautista MC, Otterson MF, Zadvornova Y, et al. Surgical outcomes in the elderly with inflammatory bowel disease are similar to those in the younger population. Dig Dis Sci. 2013;58(10):2955–2962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson SL, Bartels CM, Palta M, et al. Biological and steroid use in relationship to quality measures in older patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a US Medicare cohort study. BMJ Open. 2015;5(9):e008597.
   Google Scholar
• Lobaton T, Ferrante M, Rutgeerts P, et al. Efficacy and safety of anti-TNF therapy in elderly patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015;42(4):441–451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desai A, Zator ZA, de Silva P, et al. Older age is associated with higher rate of discontinuation of anti-TNF therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013;19(2):309–315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cottone M, Kohn A, Daperno M, et al. Advanced age is an independent risk factor for severe infections and mortality in patients given anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;9(1):30–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh JA, Wells GA, Christensen R, et al. Adverse effects of biologics: a network meta-analysis and Cochrane overview. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(2):CD008794.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanna D, McMahon M, Furst DE. Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy and heart failure: what have we learned and where do we go from here? Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50(4):1040–1050.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh S, Nagpal SJ, Murad MH, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;12(2):210–218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pariente B, Laharie D. Review article: why, when and how to de-escalate therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014;40(4):338–353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almogy G, Sachar DB, Bodian CA, et al. Surgery for ulcerative colitis in elderly persons: changes in indications for surgery and outcome over time. Arch Surg. 2001;136(12):1396–1400.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bollegala N, Jackson TD, Nguyen GC. Increased postoperative mortality and complications among elderly patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: an analysis of the national surgical quality improvement program cohort. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015. [Epub ahead of print].
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Delaney CP, Fazio VW, Remzi FH, et al. Prospective, age-related analysis of surgical results, functional outcome, and quality of life after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Ann Surg. 2003;238(2):221–228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan GG, Hubbard J, Panaccione R, et al. Risk of comorbidities on postoperative outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Arch Surg. 2011;146(8):959–964.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bewtra M, Newcomb CW, Wu Q, et al. Mortality associated with medical therapy versus elective colectomy in ulcerative colitis: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163(4):262–270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ananthakrishnan AN, McGinley EL, Binion DG. Inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly is associated with worse outcomes: a national study of hospitalizations. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009;15(2):182–189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen GC, Bollegala N, Chong CA. Factors associated with readmissions and outcomes of patients hospitalized for inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;12(11):1897–1904 e1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ananthakrishnan AN, Guzman-Perez R, Gainer V, et al. Predictors of severe outcomes associated with Clostridium difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012;35(7):789–795.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen GC, Sam J. Rising prevalence of venous thromboembolism and its impact on mortality among hospitalized inflammatory bowel disease patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008;103(9):2272–2280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ha CY, Katz S. Clinical outcomes and management of inflammatory bowel disease in the older patient. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2013;15(2):310.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wasan SK, Baker SE, Skolnik PR, et al. A practical guide to vaccinating the inflammatory bowel disease patient. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105(6):1231–1238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghosh S, Iacucci M. Should we establish standards of care for management of elderly patients with inflammatory bowel disease? Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;29(5):236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Valk ME, Mangen MJ, Leenders M, et al. Healthcare costs of inflammatory bowel disease have shifted from hospitalisation and surgery towards anti-TNFalpha therapy: results from the COIN study. Gut. 2014;63(1):72–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Have M, Mangen MJ, van der Valk ME, et al. Effect of aging on healthcare costs of inflammatory bowel disease: a glimpse into the future. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014;20(4):637–645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen GC, Sheng L, Benchimol EI. Health Care utilization in elderly onset inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2015;21(4):777–782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar