270
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Liver transplant for alcoholic hepatitis: a current clinical overview

, &
Pages 591-600 | Received 23 Dec 2019, Accepted 26 May 2020, Published online: 08 Jun 2020

References

  • European Association for the Study of the Liver. Electronic address eee and European Association for the Study of the L. EASL clinical practice guidelines: management of alcohol-related liver disease. J Hepatol. 2018;69:154–181.
  • Crabb DW, Bataller R, Chalasani NP, et al. Standard definitions and common data elements for clinical trials in patients with alcoholic hepatitis: recommendation from the NIAAA Alcoholic Hepatitis Consortia. Gastroenterology. 2016;150:785–790.
  • Lucey MR, Mathurin P, Morgan TR. Alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:2758–2769.
  • Marot A, Dubois M, Trepo E, et al. Liver transplantation for alcoholic hepatitis: A systematic review with meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2018;13:e0190823.
  • Deltenre P, Trepo E, Fujiwara N, et al. Gene signature-MELD score and alcohol relapse determine long-term prognosis of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Liver Int. 2020 Mar;40(3):565–570.
  • Maddrey WC, Boitnott JK, Bedine MS, et al. Corticosteroid therapy of alcoholic hepatitis. Gastroenterology. 1978;75:193–199.
  • Carithers RL Jr., Herlong HF, Diehl AM, et al. Methylprednisolone therapy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. A randomized multicenter trial. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:685–690.
  • Phillips M, Curtis H, Portmann B, et al. Antioxidants versus corticosteroids in the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis–a randomised clinical trial. J Hepatol. 2006;44:784–790.
  • Thursz MR, Richardson P, Allison M, et al. Prednisolone or pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1619–1628.
  • Dominguez M, Rincon D, Abraldes JG, et al. A new scoring system for prognostic stratification of patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008;103:2747–2756.
  • Dunn W, Jamil LH, Brown LS, et al. MELD accurately predicts mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatology. 2005;41:353–358.
  • Forrest EH, Evans CD, Stewart S, et al. Analysis of factors predictive of mortality in alcoholic hepatitis and derivation and validation of the Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score. Gut. 2005;54:1174–1179.
  • Sandahl TD, Jepsen P, Ott P, et al. Validation of prognostic scores for clinical use in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2011;46:1127–1132.
  • Louvet A, Thursz MR, Kim DJ, et al. Corticosteroids reduce risk of death within 28 days for patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis, compared with pentoxifylline or placebo-a meta-analysis of individual data from controlled trials. Gastroenterology. 2018;155:458–468 e8.
  • Vergis N, Atkinson SR, Knapp S, et al. In patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis, prednisolone increases susceptibility to infection and infection-related mortality, and is associated with high circulating levels of bacterial DNA. Gastroenterology. 2017;152:1068–1077 e4.
  • Nguyen-Khac E, Thevenot T, Piquet MA, et al. Glucocorticoids plus N-acetylcysteine in severe alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:1781–1789.
  • Moreno C, Deltenre P, Senterre C, et al. Intensive enteral nutrition is ineffective for patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with corticosteroids. Gastroenterology. 2016;150:903–10 e8.
  • Naveau S, Chollet-Martin S, Dharancy S, et al. A double-blind randomized controlled trial of infliximab associated with prednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatology. 2004;39:1390–1397.
  • Singal AK, Shah VH. Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis. Semin Liver Dis. 2016;36:56–68.
  • Vergis N, Atkinson SR, Thursz MR. The future of therapy for alcoholic hepatitis - Beyond corticosteroids. J Hepatol. 2019;70:785–787.
  • Philips CA, Pande A, Shasthry SM, et al. Healthy donor fecal microbiota transplantation in steroid-ineligible severe alcoholic hepatitis: a pilot study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;15:600–602.
  • Banares R, Nevens F, Larsen FS, et al. Extracorporeal albumin dialysis with the molecular adsorbent recirculating system in acute-on-chronic liver failure: the relief trial. Hepatology. 2013;57:1153–1162.
  • Boetticher NC, Peine CJ, Kwo P, et al. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of etanercept in the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis. Gastroenterology. 2008;135:1953–1960.
  • Moreno C, Langlet P, Hittelet A, et al. Enteral nutrition with or without N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of severe acute alcoholic hepatitis: a randomized multicenter controlled trial. J Hepatol. 2010;53:1117–1122.
  • Shasthry SM, Sharma MK, Shasthry V, et al. Efficacy of g-csf in the management of steroid-nonresponsive severe alcoholic hepatitis: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Hepatology. 2019 Sep;70(3):802–811.
  • Singh V, Sharma AK, Narasimhan RL, et al. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomized pilot study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109:1417–1423.
  • Engelman C, Herber A, Bruns T, et al. G-CSF to treat ACLF (GRAFT trial): interim analysis of the first randomised European multicenter trial. Hepatology. 2019;70(1):12A.
  • Spahr L, Lambert JF, Rubbia-Brandt L, et al. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor induces proliferation of hepatic progenitors in alcoholic steatohepatitis: a randomized trial. Hepatology. 2008;48:221–229.
  • Mathurin P, Abdelnour M, Ramond MJ, et al. Early change in bilirubin levels is an important prognostic factor in severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with prednisolone. Hepatology. 2003;38:1363–1369.
  • Srikureja W, Kyulo NL, Runyon BA, et al. MELD score is a better prognostic model than child-turcotte-pugh score or discriminant function score in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2005;42:700–706.
  • Louvet A, Naveau S, Abdelnour M, et al. The Lille model: a new tool for therapeutic strategy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with steroids. Hepatology. 2007;45:1348–1354.
  • Consensus conference: indications for liver transplantation, January 19 and 20, 2005, Lyon-Palais Des Congres: text of recommendations (long version). Liver Transpl. 2006;12:998–1011.
  • Im GY, Kim-Schluger L, Shenoy A, et al. Early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis in the United States–a single-center experience. Am J Transplant. 2016;16:841–849.
  • Lee BP, Chen PH, Haugen C, et al. Three-year results of a pilot program in early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis. Ann Surg. 2017;265:20–29.
  • Mathurin P, Moreno C, Samuel D, et al. Early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:1790–1800.
  • Singal AK, Bashar H, Anand BS, et al. Outcomes after liver transplantation for alcoholic hepatitis are similar to alcoholic cirrhosis: exploratory analysis from the UNOS database. Hepatology. 2012;55:1398–1405.
  • Weeks SR, Sun Z, McCaul ME, et al. Liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis, updated lessons from the World’s largest series. J Am Coll Surg. 2018;226:549–557.
  • Lee BP, Mehta N, Platt L, et al. Outcomes of early liver transplantation for patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Gastroenterology. 2018;155:422–430 e1.
  • Artru F, Louvet A, Mathurin P. Liver transplantation for patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Liver Int. 2017;37:337–339.
  • Donckier V, Lucidi V, Gustot T, et al. Ethical considerations regarding early liver transplantation in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis not responding to medical therapy. J Hepatol. 2014;60:866–871.
  • Veldt BJ, Laine F, Guillygomarc’h A, et al. Indication of liver transplantation in severe alcoholic liver cirrhosis: quantitative evaluation and optimal timing. J Hepatol. 2002;36:93–98.
  • DiMartini A, Day N, Dew MA, et al. Alcohol consumption patterns and predictors of use following liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease. Liver Transpl. 2006;12:813–820.
  • Foster PF, Fabrega F, Karademir S, et al. Prediction of abstinence from ethanol in alcoholic recipients following liver transplantation. Hepatology. 1997;25:1469–1477.
  • McCallum S, Masterton G. Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: a systematic review of psychosocial selection criteria. Alcohol Alcohol. 2006;41:358–363.
  • Lim J, Sundaram V. Risk factors, scoring systems, and interventions for alcohol relapse after liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease. Clin Liver Dis. 2018;11:105–110.
  • De Gottardi A, Spahr L, Gelez P, et al. A simple score for predicting alcohol relapse after liver transplantation: results from 387 patients over 15 years. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:1183–1188.
  • Rodrigue JR, Hanto DW, Curry MP. The alcohol relapse risk assessment: a scoring system to predict the risk of relapse to any alcohol use after liver transplant. Prog Transplant. 2013;23:310–318.
  • Maldonado JR, Sher Y, Lolak S, et al. The stanford integrated psychosocial assessment for transplantation: a prospective study of medical and psychosocial outcomes. Psychosom Med. 2015;77:1018–1030.
  • Beresford TP. Alcoholism prognosis scale for major organ transplant candidates. In: Craven J, Rodin G, editors. Psychiatric aspects of organ transplantation. New York: Oxford University Press; 1992. p. 31–32.
  • Erard-Poinsot D, Guillaud O, Hervieu V, et al. Severe alcoholic relapse after liver transplantation: what consequences on the graft? A study based on liver biopsies analysis. Liver Transpl. 2016;22:773–784.
  • Pageaux GP, Bismuth M, Perney P, et al. Alcohol relapse after liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: does it matter? J Hepatol. 2003;38:629–634.
  • Vaillant GE. A 60-year follow-up of alcoholic men. Addiction. 2003;98:1043–1051.
  • Im GY, Cameron AM, Lucey MR. Liver transplantation for alcoholic hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2019;70:328–334.
  • Lee BP, Samur S, Dalgic OO, et al. Model to calculate harms and benefits of early vs delayed liver transplantation for patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis. Gastroenterology. 2019;157:472–480 e5.
  • Dumortier J, Dharancy S, Cannesson A, et al. Recurrent alcoholic cirrhosis in severe alcoholic relapse after liver transplantation: a frequent and serious complication. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110:1160–1166, quiz 1167
  • Neuberger J, Adams D, MacMaster P, et al. Assessing priorities for allocation of donor liver grafts: survey of public and clinicians. BMJ. 1998;317:172–175.
  • Stroh G, Rosell T, Dong F, et al. Early liver transplantation for patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis: public views and the effects on organ donation. Am J Transplant. 2015;15:1598–1604.
  • Antonini TM, Guillaud O, Dumortier J, et al. Impact of a first study of early transplantation in acute alcoholic hepatitis: results of a nationwide survey in french liver transplantation programs. Liver Transpl. 2018;24:841–844.
  • Gustot T, Jalan R. Acute-on-chronic liver failure in patients with alcohol-related liver disease. J Hepatol. 2019;70:319–327.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.