Targeting cytokines in asthma therapy: could IL-37 be a solution?

References

• Reddel HK, Bateman ED, Becker A, et al. A summary of the new GINA strategy: a roadmap to asthma control. Eur Respir J. 2015;46:622–639.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddel HK, Taylor DR, Bateman ED, et al. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: asthma control and exacerbations: standardizing endpoints for clinical asthma trials and clinical practice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;180:59–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu EK, Drazen JM. Asthma: one hundred years of treatment and onward. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:1202–1208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan PW, Ghushchyan VH, Globe G, et al. Oral corticosteroid exposure and adverse effects in asthmatic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;(17). doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.009.
   Google Scholar
• Wegmann M. Th2 cells as targets for therapeutic intervention in allergic bronchial asthma. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2009;9:85–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart TK, Blackburn MN, Brigham-Burke M, et al. Preclinical efficacy and safety of pascolizumab (SB 240683): a humanized anti-interleukin-4 antibody with therapeutic potential in asthma. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002;130:93–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wenzel S, Wilbraham D, Fuller R, et al. Effect of an interleukin-4 variant on late phase asthmatic response to allergen challenge in asthmatic patients: results of two phase 2a studies. Lancet Lond Engl. 2007;370:1422–1431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corren J, Busse W, Meltzer EO, et al. A randomized, controlled, phase 2 study of AMG 317, an IL-4Ralpha antagonist, in patients with asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;181:788–796.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh CK, Leigh R, McLaurin KK, et al. A randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the effect of an anti-interleukin-9 monoclonal antibody in adults with uncontrolled asthma. Respir Res. 2013;14:93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanania NA, Korenblat P, Chapman KR, et al. Efficacy and safety of lebrikizumab in patients with uncontrolled asthma (LAVOLTA I and LAVOLTA II): replicate, phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Lancet Respir Med. 2016;4:781–796.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Boever EH, Ashman C, Cahn AP, et al. Efficacy and safety of an anti-IL-13 mAb in patients with severe asthma: a randomized trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133:989–996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gauvreau GM, Boulet L-P, Cockcroft DW, et al. Effects of interleukin-13 blockade on allergen-induced airway responses in mild atopic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;183:1007–1014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brightling CE, Chanez P, Leigh R, et al. Efficacy and safety of tralokinumab in patients with severe uncontrolled asthma: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2015;3:692–701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferguson GT, FitzGerald JM, Bleecker ER, et al. Benralizumab for patients with mild to moderate, persistent asthma (BISE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2017;5:568–576.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortega HG, Liu MC, Pavord ID, et al. Mepolizumab treatment in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:1198–1207.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castro M, Zangrilli J, Wechsler ME, et al. Reslizumab for inadequately controlled asthma with elevated blood eosinophil counts: results from two multicentre, parallel, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials. Lancet Respir Med. 2015;3:355–366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busse WW, Holgate S, Kerwin E, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of brodalumab, a human anti-IL-17 receptor monoclonal antibody, in moderate to severe asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;188:1294–1302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wenzel SE, Barnes PJ, Bleecker ER, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade in severe persistent asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;179:549–558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menzella F, Lusuardi M, Galeone C, et al. Tailored therapy for severe asthma. Multidiscip Respir Med [Internet]. 2015;10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4323120/
   Google Scholar
• Gauvreau GM, O’Byrne PM, Boulet L-P, et al. Effects of an anti-TSLP antibody on allergen-induced asthmatic responses. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:2102–2110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verstraete K, Peelman F, Braun H, et al. Structure and antagonism of the receptor complex mediated by human TSLP in allergy and asthma. Nat Commun [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2017 Jun 14];8. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8521882
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morishima Y, Ano S, Ishii Y, et al. Th17-associated cytokines as a therapeutic target for steroid-insensitive asthma. Clin Dev Immunol [Internet]. 2013;2013. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3886588/
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Travis MA, Sheppard D. TGF-β activation and function in immunity. Annu Rev Immunol. 2014;32:51–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouyang W, Rutz S, Crellin NK, et al. Regulation and functions of the IL-10 family of cytokines in inflammation and disease. Annu Rev Immunol. 2011;29:71–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holgate ST, Noonan M, Chanez P, et al. Efficacy and safety of etanercept in moderate-to-severe asthma: a randomised, controlled trial. Eur Respir J. 2011;37:1352–1359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore KW, de Waal Malefyt R, Coffman RL, et al. Interleukin-10 and the interleukin-10 receptor. Annu Rev Immunol. 2001;19:683–765.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wenzel S, Castro M, Corren J, et al. Dupilumab efficacy and safety in adults with uncontrolled persistent asthma despite use of medium-to-high-dose inhaled corticosteroids plus a long-acting β2 agonist: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled pivotal phase 2b dose-ranging trial. Lancet. 2016;388:31–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vannella KM, Ramalingam TR, Borthwick LA, et al. Combinatorial targeting of TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33 in type 2 cytokine-driven inflammation and fibrosis. Sci Transl Med. 2016;8:337ra65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nold MF, Nold-Petry CA, Zepp JA, et al. IL-37 is a fundamental inhibitor of innate immunity. Nat Immunol. 2010;11:1014–1022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhan Q, Zeng Q, Song R, et al. IL-37 suppresses MyD88-mediated inflammatory responses in human aortic valve interstitial cells. Mol Med Camb Mass. 2017;23.(9). doi: 10.2119/molmed.2017.00022.
   Google Scholar
• Nold-Petry CA, Lo CY, Rudloff I, et al. IL-37 requires the receptors IL-18Rα and IL-1R8 (SIGIRR) to carry out its multifaceted anti-inflammatory program upon innate signal transduction. Nat Immunol. 2015;16:354–365.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bulau A-M, Nold MF, Li S, et al. Role of caspase-1 in nuclear translocation of IL-37, release of the cytokine, and IL-37 inhibition of innate immune responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:2650–2655.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye L, Jiang B, Deng J, et al. IL-37 alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing IL-17 and IL-17-triggering cytokine production and limiting Th17 cell proliferation. J Immunol Baltim Md. 1950;2015(194):5110–5119.
   Google Scholar
• Lunding L, Schröder A, Wegmann M. Allergic airway inflammation: unravelling the relationship between IL-37, IL-18Rα and TIR8/SIGIRR. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2015;9:739–750.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo Y, Cai X, Liu S, et al. Suppression of antigen-specific adaptive immunity by IL-37 via induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:15178–15183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma S, Kulk N, Nold MF, et al. The IL-1 family member 7b translocates to the nucleus and down-regulates proinflammatory cytokines. J Immunol Baltim Md. 1950;2008(180):5477–5482.
   Google Scholar
• Lunding L, Webering S, Vock C, et al. IL-37 requires IL-18Rα and SIGIRR/IL-1R8 to diminish allergic airway inflammation in mice. Allergy. 2015;70:366–373.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charrad R, Berraïes A, Hamdi B, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of IL-37 in asthmatic children: correlation with inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-β, IL-6 and IL-17A. Immunobiology. 2016;221:182–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavalli G, Justice JN, Boyle KE, et al. Interleukin 37 reverses the metabolic cost of inflammation, increases oxidative respiration, and improves exercise tolerance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114:2313–2318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conti P, Ronconi G, Caraffa A, et al. IL-37 a new IL-1 family member emerges as a key suppressor of asthma mediated by mast cells. Immunol Invest. 2017;46:239–250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar