51
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Presence of longitudinal cracks in planks from storm-felled pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)

, &
Pages 237-241 | Received 06 Feb 2012, Accepted 30 May 2012, Published online: 01 Oct 2012

References

  • Anon 1982 Sortering av sågat virke av furu och gran – Anvisningar utarbetade av 1958 års virkessorteringskommitté [Grading of sawn wood from pine and spruce – Guidelines prepared by the 1958 wood grading committee] Stockholm : AB Svensk trävarutidning, Föreningen Svenska Sågverksmän . ( In Swedish ).
  • Anon 1994 Nordiskt trä - Sorteringsregler för sågat virke av furu och gran [Nordic wood – Grading rules for sawn wood of pine and spruce] Markaryd : Föreningen Svenska Sågverksmän (FSS), Markaryds grafiska . ( In Swedish ).
  • Anon 2003 Sawn Timber – Appearance Grading of Softwoods – Part 1: European Spruces, Firs, Pines, Douglas fir and Larches . Swedish standard SS-EN 1611-1/A1 Stockholm : Swedish Standard Institute .
  • Anon 2010 Nordic Visual Strength Grading Rules for Timber (INSTA 142) . Swedish standard SS 230120:2010 Stockholm : Swedish Standard Institute .
  • Arnold , M. 2003 Compression failures in wind-damaged spruce trees . In B. Ruck , C. Kottmeier , C. Mattheck , C. Quine and G. Wilhelm Proceedings of the International Conference Wind Effects on Trees Karlsruhe : University of Karlsruhe .
  • Arnold , M. and Steiger , R. 2005 Are wind-induced compression failures grading relevant? CIB – W18/38-5-1 . In Working Commission W18 – Timber Structures Karlsruhe : International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Contraction .
  • Delorme , A. and Verhoff , S. 1975 . Zellwanddeformationen in sturmgeschädigtem Fichtenholz unter dem Rasterelektronenmikroskop . Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , 33 : 456 – 460 . doi: 10.1007/BF02770103
  • Hoffmeyer , P. 2003 Mechanical properties of timber from wind damaged Norway spruce . Proceedings of the 2nd International Society of Wood Mechanics , May 25–28 , Stockholm : STFI-Packforsk .
  • Hoffmeyer , P. 2005 Stormskader på stammer af rødgran [Storm damage on spruce stems] Köpenhamn : Skoven (3) . ( In Danish ).
  • Holten , A. 1911 Brud i stående træstammer. Det Forstlige Forsøgsvesen i Danmark . Den Forstlige Forsøgskommission , 2 , 362 – 370 . ( In Danish ).
  • Larsen , F. , Ormarsson , S. and Olesen , J. F. 2011 . Moisture-driven fracture in solid wood . Wood Material Science and Engineering , 6 : 49 – 57 . doi: 10.1080/17480272.2010.532234
  • Sandberg , D. 2005 . Distortion and visible crack formation in green and seasoned timber: Influence of annual ring orientation in the cross section . Holz als Roh- und werkstoff , 63 : 11 – 18 . doi: 10.1007/s00107-004-0546-2
  • Schelhaas , L.-M. , Nabuurs , G.-J. and Schuck , A. 2003 . Natural disturbances in the European forests in the 19th and 20th centuries . Integrated Pest Management Reviews , 6 : 159 – 162 .
  • Schmidt , M. , Hanewinkel , M. , Kändler , G. , Kublin , E. and Kohnle , U. 2010 . An inventory-based approach for modeling single-tree storm damage – Experiences with the winter storm of 1999 in southwestern Germany . Canadian Journal of Forest Research , 40 : 1636 – 1652 . doi: 10.1139/X10-099
  • Schütz , J.-P. , Götz , M. , Schmid , W. and Mandallaz , D. 2006 . Vulnerability of spruce (Picea abies) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest stands to storms and consequences for silviculture . European Journal of Forest Research , 125 : 291 – 302 . doi: 10.1007/s10342-006-0111-0
  • Svensson , S. A. , Bohlin , F. , Bäcke , J.-O. , Hultåker , O. , Ingemarsson , F. , Karlsson , S. and Malmhäll , J. 2011 Ekonomiska och sociala konsekvenser i skogsbruket av stormen Gudrun [Economic and social consequences in the forestry after the storm Gudrun] . Report No. 12/2006 Jönköping : Skogsstyrelsens förlag . ( In Swedish ).
  • Timell , T. E. 1986 Compression Wood in Gymnosperms , 3 Berlin : Springer-Verlag .
  • Trendelenburg , R. 1940 . Über Faserstauchungen in Holz und ihre Übervallung durch den Baum . Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , 3 : 209 – 221 . doi: 10.1007/BF02717987
  • Valinger , E. and Fridman , J. 2011 . Factors affecting the probability of windthrow at stand level as a result of Gudrun winter storm in southern Sweden . Forest Ecology and Management , 262 : 398 – 403 . doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.004

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.