164
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Assessment of high-frequency technologies for determining the moisture content of comminuted solid wood fuels

&
Pages 13-24 | Received 01 Nov 2013, Accepted 10 Jun 2014, Published online: 23 Jul 2014

References

  • Andersson, L. and Göstasson, V. (2011) Provtagning och torrhaltsbestämning av GROT-flis [Sample Taking and Dry Content Determination in Chips of Logging Residues]. VMF Nord. Bioenergigårdar, Slutrapport delprojekt Skog (Umeå: Norra Skogsägarna). [ In Swedish].
  • CEN (European Committee for Standardization) (2009a) CEN/TC 335 – Solid Biofuels. EN 14774-1:2009. Solid Biofuels – Determination of Moisture Content – Oven Dry Method – Part 1: Total Moisture – Reference Method (Brussels: European Committee for Standardization).
  • CEN (European Committee for Standardization) (2009b) CEN/TC 335 – Solid Biofuels. EN 14774-2:2009. Solid Biofuels – Determination of Moisture Content – Oven Dry Method – Part 2: Total Moisture – Simplified Method (Brussels: European Committee for Standardization).
  • Dahlquist, E., Axrup, L., Nyström, J., Thorin, E. and Paz, A. (2005) Automatisk fukthaltsmätning på biobränslen med NIR samt radiofrekvent spektroskopi [Automatic Moisture Content Measurement of Biofuels with NIR and Radiofrequency Spectroscopy]. Värmeforsk nr 936. ISSN: 1653-1248, (Stockholm: Värmeforsk). [In Swedish with English summary].
  • INADCO (2013) Moisture Measurement. Accessed 29 April 2013, available at: http://www.inadco.nl
  • Marta Paz, A. (2010) The Dielectric Properties of Solid Biofuels ( Mälardalen University Press Dissertations, No. 90, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, ISSN: 1651-4238, Mälardalen University, Sweden).
  • Martínez-Sala, R., Rodríguez-Abad, I., Diez Barra, R. and Capuz-Lladró, R. (2013) Assessment of the dielectric anisotropy in timber using the nondestructive GPR technique. Construction & Building Materials, 38, 903–911. 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.09.052
  • Nilsson, D., Nylinder, M., Fryk, H. and Nilsson, J. (2012) Mätning av grotflis [Measuring of fuel chips]. Report No. 21. (Uppsala: Dept. of Forest Products, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), 63 p., ISSN: 1654-1383. [In Swedish with English summary].
  • Norrskog (2013) Nytt i Norrskog, Viktiga pusselbitar på plats i GROT-projektet [News in Norrskog, Important puzzle pieces in the GROT project]. Accessed 29 April 2013, available at: http://issuu.com/norrskog/docs/nyttinorrskog_nr2_2013_webb/17
  • Nyström, J. (2006) Rapid Measurements of the Moisture Content of Biofuel ( Mälardalen University Press Dissertations, No. 24. Västerås: Department of Public Technology, Mälardalen University).
  • Nyström, J., Axrup, L. and Dahlquist, E. (2002) Long-term Evaluation of On-line Sensors for Determination of Moisture in Biomass. Värmeforsk report nr 763 (Stockholm: Vårmeforsk), pp. A9–819.
  • Nyström, J. and Dahlquist, E. (2004) Methods for determination of moisture content in woodchips for power plants—A review. Fuel, 83, 773–779. 10.1016/j.fuel.2003.11.002
  • Rodríguez-Abad, I., Martínez-Sala, R., Capuz Lladró, R., Díez Barra, R. and García-García, F. (2011) Assessment of the variation of the moisture content in the Pinus pinaster Ait using the non-destructive GPR technique. Revista Materiales de Construcción, 61, 143–156.
  • Samuelsson, R., Nilsson, C. and Burvall, J. (2006) Sampling and GC-MS as a method for analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOC) emitted during oven drying of biomass materials. Biomass and Bioenergy, 30, 923–928. 10.1016/j.biombioe.2006.06.003
  • SDC (Skogsnäringens IT-företag) (Forest Industry IT-company) (2011) Kontroll av torrhaltsmätning med NIR [Control of moisture measurement with NIR]. Accessed 9 September 2013, available at: http://ny.sdc.se/default.asp?id=2506
  • SDC (Skogsnäringens IT-företag) (Forest Industry IT-company) (2013) Allmän information om VML (Virkesmätningslagen) [General Information about the wood measuring law]. Accessed 9 September 2013, available at: http://ny.sdc.se/default.asp?id=2540
  • Skogforsk (Forestry Research Institute of Sweden) (2009a) De olika systemen för sönderdelning och transport ställer olika krav [The different systems for comminution and transport set different requirements]. Accessed 12 September 2013, available at: http://www.skogforsk.se/sv/KunskapDirekt/skogsbransle/Grenar-och-toppar/Transport-av-skogsbransle/Transport-av-skogsbransle/
  • Skogforsk (Forestry Research Institute of Sweden) (2009b) Transport av skogsbränsle med containerbil [Transport of forest fuel with container truck]. Accessed 12 September 2013, available at: http://www.skogforsk.se/sv/KunskapDirekt/skogsbransle/Grenar-och-toppar/Transport-av-skogsbransle/Lastning-av-containerbil/
  • Swedish Wood Fuel Association (Svenska trädbränsleföreningen) (2013). Måttenheter och energiinnehåll för trä och flis [Measuring units and energy content for wood and chips]. Accessed 9 September 2013, available at: http://www.tradbransle.se/mattenheter.asp
  • Torgovnikov, G. I. (1993) Dielectric Properties of Wood and Wood-based Materials (Berlin: Springer-Verlag), p. 196, ISBN 3--540-55394-0.
  • VMF Qbera (Virkesmätningsföreningen) (Swedish Timber Measurement Association) (1999) Allmänna och särskilda bestämmelser för mätning av biobränslen [General and Specific Rules for the Measurements of Biofuels] (Falun: Virkesmätningsrådet). [In Swedish].

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.