Experimental study on spatial evolution of mode-I and mode-II fracture toughness of cemented paste backfill under external sulphate attack

References

• C. Qi and A. Fourie, Cemented paste backfill for mineral tailings management: Review and future perspectives, Miner. Eng. 144 (2019), pp. 106025. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2019.106025.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• W. Li and M. Fall, Sulphate effect on the early age strength and self-desiccation of cemented paste backfill, Constr. Build. Mater. 106 (2016), pp. 296–304. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.124.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. Yan, H. Jia, E. Yilmaz, X. Lai, P. Shan, and C. Hou, Numerical study on microscale and macroscale strength behaviors of hardening cemented paste backfill, Constr. Build. Mater. 321 (2022), pp. 126327. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126327.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. Wu, Z. Ruan, and J. Wang, Rheological behavior of paste in metal mines, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 29 (4) (2022), pp. 717–726. doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2423-6.
   Google Scholar
• J. Li, S. Cao, E. Yilmaz, and Y. Liu, Compressive fatigue behavior and failure evolution of additive fiber-reinforced cemented tailings composites, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 29 (2) (2022), pp. 345–355. doi:10.1007/s12613-021-2351-x.
   Google Scholar
• H. Jiang, L. Ren, Q. Zhang, J. Zheng, and L. Cui, Strength and microstructural evolution of alkali-activated slag-based cemented paste backfill: Coupled effects of activator composition and temperature, Pow. Technol. 401 (2022), pp. 117322. doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117322.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. Wu, R.K. Zhao, C.W. Xie, and S. Liu, Effect of curing humidity on performance of cemented paste backfill, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 27 (8) (2020), pp. 1046–1053. doi:10.1007/s12613-020-1970-y.
   Google Scholar
• W. Xu, M. Han, and P. Li, Influence of freeze–thaw cycles on mechanical responses of cemented paste tailings in surface storage, Int. J. Min. Reclam. Env 34 (5) (2020), pp. 326–342. doi:10.1080/17480930.2019.1595903.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. Haiqiang, M. Fall, and L. Cui, Yield stress of cemented paste backfill in sub-zero environments: Experimental results, Miner. Eng. 92 (2016), pp. 141–150. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2016.03.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Z. Zhao, S. Cao, and E. Yilmaz, Effect of layer thickness on flexural property and microstructure of 3D printed rhomboid polymer reinforced cemented tailings composites, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 30 (2) (2022), pp. 236–249. doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2557-6.
   Google Scholar
• B. Wang, Q. Li, R. Wang, D. Wang, and P. Dong, Mechanical strength and hydration exothermic behavior of cemented paste backfill with early-strength agent under low temperature, Int. J. Min. Reclam. Env 36 (10) (2022), pp. 710–723. doi:10.1080/17480930.2022.2128590.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. McLean and L. Cui, Multiscale geomechanical behavior of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites under cyclic loading conditions—a review, Front. Mater 8 (2021), pp. 1–13. doi:10.3389/fmats.2021.759126.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. Zhang, S. Cao, and E. Yilmaz, Influence of 3D-printed polymer structures on dynamic splitting and crack propagation behavior of cementitious tailings backfill, Constr. Build. Mater. 343 (2022), pp. 128137. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. Jiang, L. Ren, X. Gu, J. Zheng, and L. Cui, Synergistic effect of activator nature and curing temperature on time-dependent rheological behavior of cemented paste backfill containing alkali-activated slag, Environ. Sci. Pollut. R. 30 (5) (2022), pp. 12857–12871. doi:10.1007/s11356-022-23053-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• G. Xue, E. Yilmaz, G. Feng, and S. Cao, Analysis of tensile mechanical characteristics of fibre reinforced backfill through splitting tensile and three-point bending tests, Int. J. Min. Reclam. Env 36 (3) (2022), pp. 218–234. doi:10.1080/17480930.2021.2014693.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. Li, S. Cao, and W. Song, Distribution development of pore/crack expansion and particle structure of cemented solid-waste composites based on CT and 3D reconstruction techniques, Constr. Build. Mater. 376 (2023), pp. 130966. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.130966.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L. Cui, S.P. Singalreddy, and G. Guo, Geomechanical behavior and properties of cemented paste backfill under passive interface loading and their influences on field-scale stability, Acta Geotech. 18 (7) (2023), pp. 3927–3945. doi:10.1007/s11440-023-01798-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Fang and L. Cui, Experimental investigation of fiber content and length on curing time-dependent mode-I fracture behavior and properties of cemented paste backfill and implication to engineering design, Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct 45 (11) (2022), pp. 1–17. doi:10.1111/ffe.13819.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L. Cui and A. McAdie, Experimental study on evolutive fracture behavior and properties of sulfate-rich fiber-reinforced cemented paste backfill under pure mode-I, mode-II, and mode-III loadings, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. 169 (2023), pp. 105434. doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2023.105434.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• I.L.S. Libos and L. Cui, Effects of curing time, cement content, and saturation state on mode-I fracture toughness of cemented paste backfill, Eng. Fract. Mech 235 (2020), pp. 107174. doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2020.107174.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Z. Huang, S. Cao, and E. Yilmaz, Microstructure and mechanical behavior of cemented gold/tungsten mine tailings-crushed rock backfill: Effects of rock gradation and content, J. Environ. Manage. 339 (2023), pp. 117897. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• I.L.S. Libos, L. Cui, and X. Liu, Effect of curing temperature on time-dependent shear behavior and properties of polypropylene fiber-reinforced cemented paste backfill, Constr. Build. Mater. 311 (2021), pp. 125302. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125302.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Z. Zhao, S. Cao, and E. Yilmaz, Effect of layer thickness on the flexural property and microstructure of 3D-printed rhomboid polymer-reinforced cemented tailing composites, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 30 (2) (2023), pp. 236–249. doi:10.1007/s12613-022-2557-6.
   Google Scholar
• T. Kasap, E. Yilmaz, and M. Sari, Effects of mineral additives and age on microstructure evolution and durability properties of sand-reinforced cementitious mine backfills, Constr. Build. Mater. 352 (2022), pp. 129079. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129079.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• G. Zhu, W. Zhu, Z. Qi, B. Yan, H. Jiang, and C. Hou, One-partalkali-activated slag binder for cemented fine tailings backfill: Proportion optimization and properties evaluation, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 29 (49) (2022), pp. 73865–73877. doi:10.1007/s11356-022-20331-w.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. Wang, Y. Cao, L. Cui, Z. Si, and H. Wang, Effect of external sulfate attack on the mechanical behavior of cemented paste backfill, Constr. Build. Mater. 263 (2020), pp. 120968. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120968.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T. Kasap, E. Yilmaz, and M. Sari, Physico-chemical and micro-structural behavior of cemented mine backfill: Effect of pH in dam tailings, J. Environ. Manage. 314 (2022), pp. 115034. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Sari, E. Yilmaz, T. Kasap, and N.U. Guner, Strength and microstructure evolution in cemented mine backfill with low and high pH pyritic tailings: Effect of mineral admixtures, Constr. Build. Mater. 328 (2022), pp. 127109. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Q. Wang, J. Long, L. Xu, Z. Zhang, Y. Lv, Z. Yang, and K. Wu, Experimental and modelling study on the deterioration of stabilized soft soil subjected to sulfate attack, Constr. Build. Mater. 346 (2022), pp. 128436. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128436.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. Ran, K. Li, T. Fen-Chong, O. Omikrine-Metalssi, and P. Dangla, Spalling rate of concretes subject to combined leaching and external sulfate attack, Cem. Concr. Res. 162 (2022), pp. 106951. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2022.106951.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. Jiang, M. Fall, E. Yilmaz, Y. Li, and L. Yang, Effect of mineral admixtures on flow properties of fresh cemented paste backfill: Assessment of time dependency and thixotropy, Pow. Technol. 372 (2020), pp. 258–266. doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2020.06.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Sotiriadis, R. Mróz, P. Mácová, A.S. Mazur, and A. Krajnc, Long-term sulfate resistance of synthesized cement systems with variable C3A/C4AF ratio at low temperature or ambient conditions: Insights into the crystalline and amorphous phase assemblage, Cem. Concr. Res. 160 (2022), pp. 106902. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2022.106902.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Z. Wang, Y. Wang, L. Cui, C. Bi, and A. Wu, Insight into the isothermal multiphysics processes in cemented paste backfill: Effect of curing time and cement-to-tailingsratio, Constr. Build. Mater. 325 (2022), pp. 126739. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126739.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. Zhao, P. Wu, J. Qiu, Z. Guo, Y. Tian, X. Sun, and X. Gu, Recycling hazardous steel slag after thermal treatment to produce a binder for cemented paste backfill, Pow. Technol. 395 (2022), pp. 652–662. doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2021.10.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Fang and M. Fall, Shear characteristics of the rock/cemented tailings interface exposed to sulfate attack, Geotech. Res. 9, (2022). pp. 1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. Liu, Y. Lu, C. Wang, B. Cui, H. Guo, H. Li, and Y. Guo, Effect of sulfate mine water on the durability of filling paste, Int. J. Green Energy 15 (13) (2018), pp. 864–873. doi:10.1080/15435075.2018.1529582.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Q. Dong, B. Liang, L. Jia, and L. Jiang, Effect of sulfide on the long-term strength of lead-zinc tailings cemented paste backfill, Constr. Build. Mater. 200 (2019), pp. 436–446. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.069.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L. Liu, J. Xin, C. Huan, C. Qi, W. Zhou, and K.-I. Song, Pore and strength characteristics of cemented paste backfill using sulphide tailings: Effect of sulphur content, Constr. Build. Mater. 237 (2020), pp. 117452. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117452.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. Zheng, X. Sun, L. Guo, S. Zhang, and J. Chen, Strength and hydration products of cemented paste backfill from sulphide-rich tailings using reactive MgO-activated slag as a binder, Constr. Build. Mater. 203 (2019), pp. 111–119. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.047.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Fang and M. Fall, Chemically induced changes in the shear behaviour of interface between rock and tailings backfill undergoing cementation, Rock Mech. Rock Eng 52 (9) (2019), pp. 3047–3062. doi:10.1007/s00603-019-01757-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. Qiu, Z. Guo, L. Yang, H. Jiang, and Y. Zhao, Effect of tailings fineness on flow, strength, ultrasonic and microstructure characteristics of cemented paste backfill, Constr. Build. Mater. 263 (2020), pp. 120645. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120645.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• G. Ali, M. Fall, and I. Alainachi, Time- and temperature-dependence of rheological properties of cemented tailings backfill with sodium silicate, J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 33 (3) (2021), pp. 04020498. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0003605.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• X. Shi, L. Brescia-Norambuena, C. Tavares, and Z. Grasley, Semicircular bending fracture test to evaluate fracture properties and ductility of cement mortar reinforced by scrap tire recycled steel fiber, Eng. Fract. Mech 236 (2020), pp. 107228. doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2020.107228.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M.R.M. Aliha, P. Jafari Haghighatpour, and A. Tavana, Application of asymmetric semi-circular bend test for determining mixed mode I + II fracture toughness of compacted soil material, Eng. Fract. Mech 262 (2022), pp. 108268. doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108268.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M.R. Ayatollahi and M.R.M. Aliha, Wide range data for crack tip parameters in two disc-type specimens under mixed mode loading, Comp. Mater. Sci 38 (4) (2007), pp. 660–670. doi:10.1016/j.commatsci.2006.04.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ASTM, Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Density and Unit Weight of Soil Specimens, West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Q. Fu, M. Bu, D. Li, W. Xu, J. He, and D. Niu, Resistance to sulfate attack and chemo-damage-transport model of sulfate ions for Tunnel Lining concrete under the action of loading and flowing groundwater, ACS Sustainable. Chem. Eng. 9 (42) (2021), pp. 14307–14326. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c05794.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B.D. Liu, W.J. Lv, L. Li, and P.F. Li, Effect of moisture content on static compressive elasticity modulus of concrete, Constr. Build. Mater. 69 (2014), pp. 133–142. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.094.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar