954
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
RESEARCH BRIEFS

Measuring young U.S. children’s parasocial relationships: toward the creation of a child self-report survey

ORCID Icon &
Pages 229-240 | Received 06 Nov 2014, Accepted 07 Mar 2017, Published online: 07 Apr 2017

References

  • Ainsworth, M. D., Blehar, M., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the Strange Situation. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Bascandziev, I., & Harris, P. L. (2014). In beauty we trust: Children prefer information from more attractive informants. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 32, 94–99.10.1111/bjdp.2014.32.issue-1
  • Bond, B. J., & Calvert, S. L. (2014). A model and measure of US parents’ perceptions of young children's parasocial relationships. Journal of Children and Media, 8, 286–304.10.1080/17482798.2014.890948
  • Calvert, S. L., Kotler, J. A., Zehnder, S., & Shockey, E. (2003). Gender stereotyping in children's reports about educational and informational television programs. Media Psychology, 5, 139–162.10.1207/S1532785XMEP0502_2
  • Calvert, S. L., & Richards, M. N. (2014). Children’s parasocial relationships with media characters. J. Bossert (Oxford Ed), A. Jordan & D. Romer (Eds). Media and the well being of children and adolescents (pp. 187–200). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Calvert, S. L., Richards, M. N., & Kent, C. C. (2014). Personalized interactive characters for toddlers’ learning of seriation from a video presentation. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 35, 148–155.
  • Common Sense Media (2013). Zero to eight: Children’s media use in America 2013. San Francisco, CA: Author.
  • Dion, K. K. (1973). Young children’s stereotyping of facial attractiveness. Developmental Psychology, 9, 183–188. doi:10.1037/h0035083
  • Gola, A. A. H., Richards, M. N., Lauricella, A. R., & Calvert, S. L. (2013). Building meaningful parasocial relationships between toddlers and media characters to teach early mathematical skills. Media Psychology, 16, 390–411.
  • Harter, S. (1982). The perceived competence scale for children. Child Development, 53, 87–97.10.2307/1129640
  • Horton, D., & Wohl, R. (1956). Mass communication and para-social interaction: Observations on intimacy at a distance. Psychiatry, 19, 215–229.10.1080/00332747.1956.11023049
  • Huston, A. C. (1983). Sex typing. In E. M. Hetherington (Ed.), Socialization, personality, and social behavior. Vol 4 of the Handbook of child psychology (pp. 387–468) (4th ed.). Editor-in-Chief: P. H. Mussen. New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Lillard, A. S. (2015). The development of play. In R. M. Lerner (Ed.), The handbook of child psychology and developmental science, (pp. 425–468). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  • Luciano, L. (2002). Looking good: Male body Image in America. New York, NY: Hill & Wang.
  • MacWhinney, B. (2015). Language development. In M. H. Bornstein & T. Leventhal (Eds.), Cognitive processes. In R. M. Lerner (Editor-in-chief), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science (7th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 296–338). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  • Park, K. A., & Waters, E. (1989). Security of attachment and preschool friendships. Child Development, 60, 1076–1081.10.2307/1130781
  • Richards, M. N., & Calvert, S. L. (2016). Parent versus child report of young children’s parasocial relationships. Journal of Children and Media, 10, 462–480. doi:10.1080/17482798.2016.1157502
  • Rosaen, S. F., & Dibble, J. L. (2008). Investigating the relationships among child’s age, parasocial interactions, and the social realism of favorite television characters. Communication Research Reports, 25, 145–154.10.1080/08824090802021806
  • Rubin, A. M., Perse, E. M., & Powell, R. A. (1985). Loneliness, parasocial interaction, and local news viewing. Human Communication Research, 12, 155–180.10.1111/hcre.1985.12.issue-2
  • Rubin, K. H., Watson, K. S., & Jambor, T. W. (1978). Free-play behaviors in preschool and kindergarten children. Child Development, 49, 534–536.10.2307/1128725
  • Singer, D. G., & Singer, J. L. (2005). Imagination and play in the electronic age. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.10.4159/9780674043695
  • Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53–55.10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
  • Wright, J. C., Huston, A. C., Reitz, A. L., & Piemyat, S. (1994). Young children’s perceptions of television reality: Determinants and developmental differences. Developmental Psychology, 30, 229–239.10.1037/0012-1649.30.2.229

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.