Percutaneous coronary intervention following thrombolysis: For whom and when?

References

• Antman EM, Hand M, Armstrong PW, Bates ER, Green LA, Halasyamani LK, et al. 2007 Focused update of the ACC/AHA 2004 guidelines for the management of patients with st-elevation myocardial infarction: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines: Developed in collaboration with the Canadian Cardiovascular Society endorsed by the American Academy of Family Physicians: 2007 Writing group to review new evidence and update the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, writing on behalf of the 2004 Writing Committee. Circulation. 2008; 117: 296–329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van de Werf F, Bax J, Betriu A, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Crea F, Falk V, et al. Management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with persistent ST-segment elevation: The task force on the management of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2008; 29: 2909–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keeley EC, Boura JA, Grines CL. Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: A quantitative review of 23 randomised trials. Lancet. 2003; 361: 13–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canto JG, Every NR, Magid DJ, Rogers WJ, Malmgren JA, Frederick PD, et al. The volume of primary angioplasty procedures and survival after acute myocardial infarction. National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342: 1573–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinto DS, Kirtane AJ, Nallamothu BK, Murphy SA, Cohen DJ, Laham RJ, et al. Hospital delays in reperfusion for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: implications when selecting a reperfusion strategy. Circulation. 2006; 114: 2019–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keeley EC, Boura JA, Grines CL. Comparison of primary and facilitated percutaneous coronary interventions for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: quantitative review of randomised trials. Lancet. 2006; 367: 579–88
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis SG, Tendera M, de Belder MA, van Boven AJ, Widimsky P, Janssens L, et al. Facilitated PCI in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2008; 358: 2205–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Primary versus tenecteplase-facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (ASSENT-4 PCI): Randomised trial. Lancet 2006;367:569–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aguirre FV, Varghese JJ, Kelley MP, Lam W, Lucore CL, Gill JB, et al. Rural interhospital transfer of ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients for percutaneous coronary revascularization: the Stat Heart Program. Circulation. 2008; 117: 1145–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry TD, Sharkey SW, Burke MN, Chavez IJ, Graham KJ, Henry CR, et al. A regional system to provide timely access to percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2007; 116: 721–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ting HH, Rihal CS, Gersh BJ, Haro LH, Bjerke CM, Lennon RJ, et al. Regional systems of care to optimize timeliness of reperfusion therapy for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: The Mayo Clinic STEMI Protocol. Circulation. 2007; 116: 729–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manari A, Ortolani P, Guastaroba P, Casella G, Vignali L, Varani E, et al. Clinical impact of an inter-hospital transfer strategy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty: The Emilia-Romagna ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction network. Eur Heart J. 2008; 29: 1834–42
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saia F, Marrozzini C, Ortolani P, Palmerini T, Guastaroba P, Cortesi P, et al. Optimisation of therapeutic strategies for ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction: The impact of a territorial network on reperfusion therapy and mortality. Heart. 2009; 95: 370–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madsen JK, Grande P, Saunamaki K, Thayssen P, Kassis E, Eriksen U, et al. Danish multicenter randomized study of invasive versus conservative treatment in patients with inducible ischemia after thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction (DANAMI). DANish trial in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1997; 96: 748–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van 't Hof AW, Ernst N, de Boer MJ, de Winter R, Boersma E, Bunt T, et al. Facilitation of primary coronary angioplasty by early start of a glycoprotein 2b/3a inhibitor: Results of the ongoing tirofiban in myocardial infarction evaluation (On-TIME) trial. Eur Heart J. 2004; 25: 837–46
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee DP, Herity NA, Hiatt BL, Fearon WF, Rezaee M, Carter AJ, et al. Adjunctive platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition with tirofiban before primary angioplasty improves angiographic outcomes: Results of the tirofiban given in the emergency room before primary angioplasty (TIGER-PA) pilot trial. Circulation. 2003; 107: 1497–501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabriel HM, Oliveira JA, da Silva PC, da Costa JM, da Cunha JA. Early administration of abciximab bolus in the emergency department improves angiographic outcome after primary PCI as assessed by TIMI frame count: Results of the early ReoPro administration in myocardial infarction (ERAMI) trial. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2006; 68: 218–24
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pels K, Schroder J, Witzenbichler B, Muller D, Morguet A, Pauschinger M, et al. Prehospital versus periprocedural abciximab in ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated by percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur J Emerg Med. 2008; 15: 324–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zorman S, Zorman D, Noc M. Effects of abciximab pretreatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty. Am J Cardiol. 2002; 90: 533–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cutlip DE, Ricciardi MJ, Ling FS, Carrozza JP, Jr, Dua V, Garringer J, et al. Effect of tirofiban before primary angioplasty on initial coronary flow and early ST-segment resolution in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2003; 92: 977–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gyongyosi M, Domanovits H, Benzer W, Haugk M, Heinisch B, Sodeck G, et al. Use of abciximab prior to primary angioplasty in STEMI results in early recanalization of the infarct-related artery and improved myocardial tissue reperfusion—results of the Austrian multi-centre randomized ReoPro-BRIDGING Study. Eur Heart J. 2004; 25: 2125–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeymer U, Zahn R, Schiele R, Jansen W, Girth E, Gitt A, et al. Early eptifibatide improves TIMI 3 patency before primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST elevation myocardial infarction: results of the randomized integrilin in acute myocardial infarction (INTAMI) pilot trial. Eur Heart J. 2005; 26: 1971–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellandi F, Maioli M, Leoncini M, Toso A, Dabizzi RP. Early abciximab administration in acute myocardial infarction treated with primary coronary intervention. Int J Cardiol. 2006; 108: 36–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Neill WW, Weintraub R, Grines CL, Meany TB, Brodie BR, Friedman HZ, et al. A prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of intravenous streptokinase and angioplasty versus lone angioplasty therapy of acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1992; 86: 1710–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fernandez-Aviles F, Alonso JJ, Pena G, Blanco J, onso-Briales J, Lopez-Mesa J, et al. Primary angioplasty vs. early routine post-fibrinolysis angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation: The GRACIA-2 non-inferiority, randomized, controlled trial. Eur Heart J. 2007; 28: 949–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross AM, Coyne KS, Reiner JS, Greenhouse SW, Fink C, Frey A, et al. A randomized trial comparing primary angioplasty with a strategy of short-acting thrombolysis and immediate planned rescue angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction: The PACT trial. PACT investigators. Plasminogen-activator angioplasty compatibility trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999; 34: 1954–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vermeer F, Oude Ophuis AJ, vd Berg EJ, Brunninkhuis LG, Werter CJ, Boehmer AG, et al. Prospective randomised comparison between thrombolysis, rescue PTCA, and primary PTCA in patients with extensive myocardial infarction admitted to a hospital without PTCA facilities: A safety and feasibility study. Heart. 1999; 82: 426–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Widimsky P, Groch L, Zelizko M, Aschermann M, Bednar F, Suryapranata H. Multicentre randomized trial comparing transport to primary angioplasty vs immediate thrombolysis vs combined strategy for patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting to a community hospital without a catheterization laboratory. The PRAGUE study. Eur Heart J. 2000; 21: 823–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: results from the prematurely terminated addressing the value of facilitated angioplasty after combination therapy or eptifibatide monotherapy in acute myocardial infarction (ADVANCE MI) trial. Am Heart J. 2005;150:116–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kastrati A, Mehilli J, Schlotterbeck K, Dotzer F, Dirschinger J, Schmitt C, et al. Early administration of reteplase plus abciximab vs abciximab alone in patients with acute myocardial infarction referred for percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004; 291: 947–54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Luca G, Gibson CM, Bellandi F, Murphy M, Maioli M, Noc M, et al. Early glycoprotein IIb-IIIa inhibitors in primary angioplasty (EGYPT) cooperation: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Heart. 2008; 94: 1548–58
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dudek D, Siudak Z, Janzon M, Birkemeyer R, Aldama-Lopez G, Lettieri C, et al. European registry on patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction transferred for mechanical reperfusion with a special focus on early administration of abciximab— EUROTRANSFER Registry. Am Heart J. 2008; 156: 1147–54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortolani P, Marzocchi A, Marrozzini C, Palmerini T, Saia F, Taglieri N, et al. Long-term effectiveness of early administration of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa agents to real-world patients undergoing primary percutaneous interventions: results of a registry study in an ST-elevation myocardial infarction network. Eur Heart J. 2009; 30: 33–43
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sutton AG, Campbell PG, Graham R, Price DJ, Gray JC, Grech ED, et al. A randomized trial of rescue angioplasty versus a conservative approach for failed fibrinolysis in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: The Middlesbrough early revascularization to limit infarction (MERLIN) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004; 44: 287–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunadian B, Sutton AG, Vijayalakshmi K, Thornley AR, Gray JC, Grech ED, et al. Early invasive versus conservative treatment in patients with failed fibrinolysis–no late survival benefit: The final analysis of the Middlesbrough early revascularisation to limit infarction (MERLIN) randomized trial. Am Heart J. 2007; 153: 763–71
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sutton AG, Campbell PG, Graham R, Price DJA, Gray JC, Hall JA, et al. One year results of the Middlesbrough early revascularisation to limit infarction (MERLIN) trial. Heart. 2005; 91: 1330–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gershlick AH, Stephens-Lloyd A, Hughes S, Abrams KR, Stevens SE, Uren NG, et al. Rescue angioplasty after failed thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2005; 353: 2758–68
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wijeysundera HC, Vijayaraghavan R, Nallamothu BK, Foody JM, Krumholz HM, Phillips CO, et al. Rescue angioplasty or repeat fibrinolysis after failed fibrinolytic therapy for ST-segment myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007; 49: 422–30
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Collet JP, Montalescot G, Le May M, Borentain M, Gershlick A. Percutaneous coronary intervention after fibrinolysis: a multiple meta-analyses approach according to the type of strategy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006; 48: 1326–35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wijeysundera HC, You JJ, Nallamothu BK, Krumholz HM, Cantor WJ, Ko DT. An early invasive strategy versus ischemia-guided management after fibrinolytic therapy for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis of contemporary randomized controlled trials. Am Heart J. 2008; 156: 564–72
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Armstrong PW. A comparison of pharmacologic therapy with/without timely coronary intervention vs. primary percutaneous intervention early after ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the WEST (which early ST-elevation myocardial infarction therapy) study. Eur Heart J. 2006; 27: 1530–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez-Aviles F, Alonso JJ, Castro-Beiras A, Vazquez N, Blanco J, onso-Briales J, et al. Routine invasive strategy within 24 hours of thrombolysis versus ischaemia-guided conservative approach for acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (GRACIA-1): A randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004; 364: 1045–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le May MR, Wells GA, Labinaz M, Davies RF, Turek M, Leddy D, et al. Combined angioplasty and pharmacological intervention versus thrombolysis alone in acute myocardial infarction (CAPITAL AMI study). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005; 46: 417–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheller B, Hennen B, Hammer B, Walle J, Hofer C, Hilpert V, et al. Beneficial effects of immediate stenting after thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003; 42: 634–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bednar F, Widimsky P, Krupicka J, Groch L, Aschermann M, Zelizko M. Interhospital transport for primary angioplasty improves the long-term outcome of acute myocardial infarction compared with immediate thrombolysis in the nearest hospital (one-year follow-up of the PRAGUE-1 study). Can J Cardiol. 2003; 19: 1133–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Mario C, Dudek D, Piscione F, Mielecki W, Savonitto S, Murena E, et al. Immediate angioplasty versus standard therapy with rescue angioplasty after thrombolysis in the combined abciximab reteplase stent study in acute myocardial infarction (CARESS-in-AMI): an open, prospective, randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet. 2008; 371: 559–68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topol EJ. Reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction with fibrinolytic therapy or combination reduced fibrinolytic therapy and platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition: the GUSTO V randomised trial. Lancet. 2001; 357: 1905–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merlini PA, Repetto A, Andreoli AM, Ricci S, Lombardi A, Finardi A, et al. Effect of abciximab on prothrombin activation and thrombin generation in patients with acute myocardial infarction also receiving reteplase. Am J Cardiol. 2004; 93: 195–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cantor WJ, Fitchett D, Borgundvaag B, Heffernan M, Cohen EA, Morrison LJ, et al. Rationale and design of the trial of routine angioplasty and stenting after fibrinolysis to enhance reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction (TRANSFER-AMI). Am Heart J. 2008; 155: 19–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• An international randomized trial comparing four thrombolytic strategies for acute myocardial infarction. The GUSTO investigators. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:673–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chesebro JH, Knatterud G, Roberts R, Borer J, Cohen LS, Dalen J, et al. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) trial, phase I: A comparison between intravenous tissue plasminogen activator and intravenous streptokinase. Clinical findings through hospital discharge. Circulation. 1987; 76: 142–54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabatine MS, Cannon CP, Gibson CM, Lopez-Sendon JL, Montalescot G, Theroux P, et al. Addition of clopidogrel to aspirin and fibrinolytic therapy for myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation. N Engl J Med. 2005; 352: 1179–89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabatine MS, Cannon CP, Gibson CM, Lopez-Sendon JL, Montalescot G, Theroux P, et al. Effect of clopidogrel pretreatment before percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with fibrinolytics: The PCI-CLARITY study. JAMA. 2005; 294: 1224–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montalescot G, Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, Murphy SA, Gibson CM, McCabe CH, et al. Prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (TRITON-TIMI 38): Double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009; 373: 723–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meadows TA, Bhatt DL. Clinical aspects of platelet inhibitors and thrombus formation. Circ Res. 2007; 100: 1261–75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang K, Zhou X, Zhou Z, Tarakji K, Carneiro M, Penn MS, et al. Blockade of the platelet P2Y12 receptor by AR-C69931MX sustains coronary artery recanalization and improves the myocardial tissue perfusion in a canine thrombosis model. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003; 23: 357–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar