References
- Robbins J. Swallowing in ALS and motor neuron disorders. Neurologic Clinics 1987; 5: 213–29
- Strand E. A., Miller R. M., Yorkston K. M., Hillel A. D. Management of oral pharyngeal dysphagia symptoms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Dysphagia 1996; 11: 129–39
- Mayberry J. F., Atkinson M. Swallowing problems in patients with motor neuron disease. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 1986; 8: 233–4
- Hughes T. A. T., Wiles C. M. Clinical measurement of swallowing in health and in neurogenic dysphagia. Qjm‐Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians 1996; 89: 109–16
- Ertekin C., Aydogdu I., Yuceyar N., Kiylioglu N., Tarlaci S., Uludag B. Pathophysiological mechanisms of oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2000; 123: 125–40
- Leighton S. E. J., Burton M. J., Lund W. S., Cochrane G. M. Swallowing in motor neuron disease. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 1994; 87: 801–5
- Hillel A. D., Miller R. Bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: patterns of progression and clinical management. Head and Neck‐Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck 1989; 11: 51–9
- Silani V., Kasarskis E. J., Yanagisawa N. Nutritional management in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a worldwide perspective. Journal of Neurology 1998; 245: S13–9
- St Guily J. L., Perie S., Willig T. N., Chaussade S., Eymard B., Angelard B. Swallowing disorders in muscular diseases: functional assessment and indications of cricopharyngeal myotomy. Ear Nose Throat J 1994; 73: 34–40
- Briani C., Marcon M., Ermani H., Costantini M., Bottin R., Iurelli V., et al. Radiological evidence of subclinical dysphagia in motor neuron disease. Journal of Neurology 1998; 245: 211–6
- Wright R. E. R., Jordan C. Videofluoroscopic evaluation of dysphagia in motor neuron disease with modified barium swallow. Palliative Medicine 1997; 11: 44–8
- Macdougall G., Wilson J. A., Pryde A., Grant R. Analysis of the pharyngoesophageal pressure profile in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery 1995; 112: 258–61
- David V. C. Relief of dysphagia in motor neuron disease with cricopharyngeal myotomy. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 1985; 67: 229–31
- Higo R., Tayama N., Watanabe T., Nitou T. Videomanofluorometric study in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Laryngoscope 2002; 112: 911–7
- Hillel A. D., Miller R. M., Yorkston K., Mcdonald E., Norris F. H., Konikow N. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Severity Scale. Neuroepidemiology 1989; 8: 142–50
- Leder S. B., Novella S., Patwa H. Use of fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Dysphagia 2004; 19: 177–81
- Brooks B. R. El‐Escorial World Federation of Neurology Criteria for the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 1994; 124: 96–107
- Dejaeger E., Pelemans W., Ponette E., Joosten E. Mechanisms involved in post deglutition retention in the elderly. Dysphagia 1997; 12: 63–7
- McConnel F. M. Analysis of pressure generation and bolus transit during pharyngeal swallowing. Laryngoscope 1988; 98: 71–8
- Cerenko D., McConnel F. M., Jackson R. T. Quantitative assessment of pharyngeal bolus driving forces. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989; 100: 57–63
- Willig T. N., Paulus J., Saintguily J. L., Beon C., Navarro J. Swallowing problems in neuromuscular disorders. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1994; 75: 1175–81
- Hadjikoutis S., Pickersgill T. P., Dawson K., Wiles C. M. Abnormal patterns of breathing during swallowing in neurological disorders. Brain 2000; 123: 1863–73
- Kawai S., Tsukuda M., Mochimatsu I., Enomoto H., Kagesato Y., Hirose H., et al. A study of the early stage of dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Dysphagia 2003; 18: 1–8