Not the ‘Fairest Norm of Them All’ but Still Needed: On Hobson and Criticism of the Responsibility to Protect

References

• Bellamy, A. J. 2022a. “R2P and the Use of Force.” Global Responsibility to Protect 14 (3): 277–280. https://doi.org/10.1163/1875-984X-20220011.
   Google Scholar
• Bellamy, A. J. 2022b. Syria Betrayed: Atrocities, War, and the Failure of International Diplomacy. New York: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bellamy, A. J., and P. D. Williams. 2012. “On the Limits of Moral Hazard: The ‘responsibility to protect’, Armed Conflict and Mass Atrocities.” European Journal of International Relations 18 (3): 539–571. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066110393366.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunford, R., and M. Neu. 2019. “The Responsibility to Protect in a World of Already Existing Intervention.” European Journal of International Relations 25 (4): 1080–1102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066119842208.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferguson, K. 2023. “Syria Betrayed: Atrocities, War, and the Failure of International Diplomacy by Alex J. Bellamy.” International Affairs 99 (4): 1814–1815.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallagher, A., B. Lawrinson, G. McKay, and R. Illingworth. 2024. “The Responsibility to Protect: A Bibliography.” Global Responsibility to Protect 16: 3–123. https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984X-20230012.
   Google Scholar
• Gallagher, A., and J. Ralph. 2015. “The Responsibility to Protect at Ten.” Global Responsibility to Protect 7 (3–4): 239–253. https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984X-00704002.
   Google Scholar
• GCR2P and APCR2P. 2023. A Framework for Action for the Responsibility to Protect: A Resource for States [Online]. [Accessed 12 July 2023]. Available from: https://www.globalr2p.org/publications/a-framework-for-action-for-the-responsibility-to-protect-a-resource-for-states/.
   Google Scholar
• Gilmore, J. 2015. The Cosmopolitan Military: Armed Forces and Human Security in the 21st Century. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Glanville, L. 2013. “Gaddafi and Grotius: Some Historical Roots of the Libyan Intervention.” Global Responsibility to Protect 5 (3): 342–361. https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984X-00503006.
   Google Scholar
• Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect. n.d. Populations at Risk. Available from: http://www.globalr2p.org/regions/.
   Google Scholar
• Hehir, Aidan. 2018. Hollow Norms and the Responsibility to Protect. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Hobson, C. 2022. “The Moral Untouchability of the Responsibility to Protect.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding 16 (3): 368–385. https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2021.2015146.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt, C. T. 2023. “How Many Turns Make a Revolution? Whither the ‘Dialogue of the Deaf’ Between Peacebuilding Scholars and Practitioners.” Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding 17 (4): 333–350. https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2023.2197446.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Illingworth, R. 2024. Strengthening the Responsibility to Protect: A Transitional Cosmopolitan Approach. 1st ed. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Kenkel, K. M., and C. G. Stefan. 2016. “Brazil and the Responsibility While Protecting Initiative: Norms and the Timing of Diplomatic Support.” Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 22 (1): 41–58. https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02201004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuperman, A. J. 2009. “Darfur: Strategic Victimhood Strikes Again?” Genocide Studies and Prevention 4 (3): 281–303. https://doi.org/10.3138/gsp.4.3.281.
   Google Scholar
• Mallavarapu, Siddharth. 2015. “Colonialism and the Responsibility to Protect.” In Theorising the Responsibility to Protect, edited by Ramesh Thakur, and William Maley, 305–322. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Moses, Jeremy. 2017. “The Limits of R2P and the Case for Pacifism.” In Protecting Human Rights in the 21st Century, edited by Aidan Hehir, and Robert W. Murray, 215–230. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Murthy, C. S. R. 2018. “United Nations and the Arab Spring: Role in Libya, Syria, and Yemen.” Contemporary Review of the Middle East 5 (2): 116–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/2347798918762198.
   Google Scholar
• Paris, R. 2014. “The ‘Responsibility to Protect’ and the Structural Problems of Preventive Humanitarian Intervention.” International Peacekeeping 21 (5): 569–603. https://doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2014.963322.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pattison, J. 2015. “Mapping the Responsibilities to Protect: A Typology of International Duties.” Global Responsibility to Protect 7 (2): 190–210. https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984X-00702006.
   Google Scholar
• Pattison, J. 2018. The Alternatives to War: From Sanctions to Nonviolence. Oxford: OUP.
   Google Scholar
• Šimonović, I. 2019. “R2P at a Crossroads: Implementation or Marginalization.” In Implementing the Responsibility to Protect: A Future Agenda, edited by C. Jacob, and M. Mennecke, 251–267. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Tourinho, M., O. Stuenkel, and S. Brockmeier. 2016. ““Responsibility While Protecting”: Reforming R2P Implementation.” Global Society 30 (1): 134–150. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600826.2015.1094452.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UN. 2011. Letter dated 9 November 2011 from the Permanent Representative of Brazil to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General. A/66/551–S/2011/701. [Accessed 24 December 2019]. Available from: http://www.globalr2p.org/media/files/concept-paper-_rwp.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• UNGA. 2009. Implementing the Responsibility to Protect Report of the Secretary-General. A/63/677. [Accessed 3 December 2018]. Available from: https://undocs.org/A/63/677.
   Google Scholar
• UNSC. 2011. Resolution 1973. S/RES/1973. Available from: https://www.nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_2011_03/20110927_110311-UNSCR-1973.pdf.
   Google Scholar