References
- Alexander, D., & O’Rourke, M. (2008). Design considerations for active chilled beams. ASHRAE Journal, 50(9), 50–54.
- ASHRAE. (2004). ASHRAE standard: Standard 62.1-2004, ventilation for acceptable indoor air quality.
- ASHRAE. (2010). ASHRAE standard. Standard 55-2004, Thermal environmental conditions for human occupancy. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.
- ASHRAE. (2017). ASHRAE handbook: Fundamentals. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.
- Barnard, N., & Jaunzens, D. (2001). Low energy cooling: Technology selection and early design guidance. Annex 28 Low Energy Cooling. Building Research, Establishment Ltd.
- Bergsten, B. (2009). Evaporative cooling tower and chilled beams, design aspects for cooling in office buildings in Northern Europe [Doctoral thesis, Chalmers University of Technology].
- Bolher, A., Fleury, E., Millet, J. R., Marchino, D., & Stabat, P. (2002, October 23–26). Guidance and tools for chilled ceilings combined with a wet cooling tower. Proceedings from conference; EPIC AIVC 2002 – Energy efficient & healthy buildings in sustainable cities, Lyon France.
- Comité Européen De Normalisation (CEN). (2007). EN 13779:2007 ventilation for non-residential buildings – Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems.
- Costelloe, B. (2005). Effectiveness of water-side indirect evaporative cooling in maritime temperate climates – Experimental and analytical investigation [Doctoral thesis, University College Dublin].
- Costelloe, B., & Finn, D. P. (2003a). Experimental energy performance of open cooling towers used under low and variable approach conditions for indirect evaporative cooling in buildings. Building Services Engineering Research and Technology, 24(3), 163–177. https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624403bt069oa
- Costelloe, B., & Finn, D. P. (2003b). Indirect evaporative cooling potential in air–water systems in temperate climates. Energy and Buildings, 35(6), 573–591. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00161-5
- Costelloe, B., & Finn, D. P. (2007). Thermal effectiveness characteristics of low approach indirect evaporative cooling systems in buildings. Energy and Buildings, 39(12), 1235–1243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.01.003
- Costelloe, B., & Finn, D. P. (2009). Heat transfer correlations for low approach evaporative cooling systems in buildings. Applied Thermal Engineering, 29(1), 105–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.02.005
- Crawley, D. B., Lawrie, L. K., Winkelmann, F. C., Buhl, W. F., Huang, Y. J., Pedersen, C. O., Strand, R. K., Liesen, R. J., Fisher, D. E., Witte, M. J., & Glazer, J. (2001). Energyplus: Creating a new-generation building energy simulation program. Energy and Buildings, 33(4), 319–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7788(00)00114-6
- Doebber, I. (2010). Radiant slab cooling for retail. ASHRAE Journal, 52(12), 28.
- Dunn, G., & Knight, I. (2005). Small power equipment loads in UK office environments. Energy and Buildings, 37(1), 87–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.05.007
- Eartheasy. (2012). http://eartheasy.com/live_energyeff_lighting.htm
- Eicker, U. (2009). Low energy cooling for sustainable buildings. John Wiley & Sons.
- Eicker, U., Huber, M., Seeberger, P., & Vorschulze, C. (2006). Limits and potentials of office building climatisation with ambient air. Energy and Buildings, 38(6), 574–581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2005.09.004
- ENERGY.GOV. (2019). Office of energy efficiency and renewable energy. www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/commercial-reference-buildings
- Energy Information Administration (EIA). (2013). International energy outlook 2013 with projection to 2040. U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Analysis, U.S. Department of Energy.
- EnergyPlus Engineering Reference. (2013, October). EnergyPlus Documentation. LBL.
- EnergyPlus Input/Output Reference. (2018, March). EnergyPlus Documentation. LBL.
- Facão, J., & Oliveira, C. (2000). Thermal behaviour of closed wet cooling towers for use with chilled ceilings. Applied Thermal Engineering, 20(13), 1225–1236. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-4311(99)00096-4
- Fanger, P. O. (1970). Thermal comfort. Analysis and applications in environmental engineering. Danish Technical Press.
- Fanger, P. O. (1973). Assessment of man’s thermal comfort in practice. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 30(4), 313–324. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.30.4.313
- Feng, J. D., Chuang, F., Borrelli, F., & Bauman, F. (2015). Model predictive control of radiant slab systems with evaporative cooling sources. Energy and Buildings, 87, 199–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.11.037
- Harvey, L. D. D. (2006). A handbook on low energy buildings and district-energy systems-fundamentals, techniques and examples. Earthscan Pub.
- Hasan, A., & Sirén, K. (2002). Theoretical and computational analysis of closed wet cooling towers and its applications in cooling of buildings. Energy and Buildings, 34(5), 477–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7788(01)00131-1
- Haves, P., Ravache, B., & Yazdanian, M. (2020, April). Accuracy of HVAC load predictions: Validation of EnergyPlus and DOE-2 using FLEXLAB measurements. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.20357/B7H88D
- Henze, G. P., Pfafferott, J., Herkel, S., & Felsmann, C. (2007). Impact of adaptive comfort criteria and heat waves on optimal building thermal mass control. Energy and Buildings, 39(2), 221–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2006.06.006
- Kang, Z., Peng, X., Cheng, X., & Feng, G. (2017). Analysis of condensation and thermal comfort of two kinds of compound radiant cooling air conditioning systems based on displacement ventilation. Procedia Engineering, 205, 1529–1534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.233
- Karmann, C., Bauman, F., Raftery, P., Schiavon, S., & Koupriyanov, M. (2018). Effect of acoustical clouds coverage and air movement on radiant chilled ceiling cooling capacity. Energy and Buildings, 158, 939–949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.10.046
- Khan, Y., Bhandari, M., & Mathur, J. (2018). Energy-saving potential of a radiant cooling system in different climate zones of India. Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 24(4), 356–370. https://doi.org/10.1080/23744731.2017.1348140
- Kim, M. K., Liu, J., & Cao, S. J. (2018). Energy analysis of a hybrid radiant cooling system under hot and humid climates: A case study at Shanghai in China. Building and Environment, 137, 208–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.04.006
- Kloppers, J. C., & Kroger, D. G. (2005). Cooling tower performance evaluation: Merkel, Poppe, and e-NTU methods of analysis. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 127(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1787504
- Kontes, G. D., Giannakis, G. I., Horn, P., Steiger, S., & Rovas, D. V. (2017). Using thermostats for indoor climate control in office buildings: The effect on thermal comfort. Energies, 10(9), 1368. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10091368
- Korolija, I. (2011). Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning system energy demand coupling with building loads for office buildings [Doctoral thesis, De Montfort University].
- Kroger, D. G. (2004). Air-cooled heat exchangers and cooling tower (Vol. 2). Penwell Corporation.
- L2A. (2010). Building regulation part. Building regulation Part L, 2010. Approved Document L2A: Conservation of fuel and power (New buildings other than dwellings). NBS, Part of RIBA Enterprises Ltd.
- Liu, J., Li, Z., Kim, M. K., Zhu, S., Zhang, L., & Srebric, J. (2019). A comparison of the thermal comfort performances of a radiation floor cooling system when combined with a range of ventilation systems. Indoor and Built Environment.
- Loga, T., Diefenbach, N., Balaras, C., Dascalaki, E., Zavrl, M. S., Corgnati, S., Despretz, H., Roarty, C., Hanratty, M., Sheldrick, B., Cyx, W., Popiolek, M., Kwiatkowski, J., Groβ, M., Spitzbart, C., Georgiev, Z., lakimova, S., Vimmr, T., Wittchen, K. B., & Kragh, J. (2010, June). Use of building typologies for energy performance assessment of national building stocks. Existent experiences in European countries and common approach. First TABULA synthesis report – TABULA Project Team, with the support of Inteligent Energy Europe, Coordinator: Institut Wohnen und Umwelt (IWU).
- Ma, P., Wang, L. S., & Guo, N. (2013). Modeling of TABS-based thermally manageable buildings in Simulink. Applied Energy, 104, 791–800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.006
- Ma, P., Wang, L. S., & Guo, N. (2014). Modeling of hydronic radiant cooling of a thermally homeostatic building using a parametric cooling tower. Applied Energy, 127, 172–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.031
- McDowall, R. (2006). Fundamentals of HVAC systems. Academic Press.
- Moore, T. (2008, May). Simulation of radiant cooling performance with evaporative cooling sources. Summary Report. Center for Built Environment (CBE), University of California.
- Nasrabadi, M., & Finn, D. P. (2014a). Mathematical modeling of a low temperature low approach direct cooling tower for the provision of high temperature chilled water for conditioning of building spaces. Applied Thermal Engineering, 64(1), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.12.025
- Nasrabadi, M., & Finn, D. P. (2014b). Performance analysis of a low approach low temperature direct cooling tower for high-temperature building cooling systems. Energy and Buildings, 84, 674–689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.09.019
- Pérez-Lombard, L., Ortiz, J., & Pout, C. (2008). A review on buildings energy consumption information. Energy and Buildings, 40(3), 394–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.03.007
- Pfafferott, J. (2004). Enhancing the design and operation of passive cooling concepts, monitoring and data analysis in four low-energy buildings with night ventilation [Doctoral thesis, Technical University of Karlsruhe].
- Philips. (2012). Lighting for LEED application guide for sustainable offices. Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V, LEED/APPGUIDE08/12.
- Rhee, K. N., Olesen, B. W., & Kim, K. W. (2017). Ten questions about radiant heating and cooling systems. Building and Environment, 112, 367–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.11.030
- Samuel, D. G. L., Nagendra, S. M. S, Maiya, M. P. (2017). Simulation of indoor comfort level in a building cooled by a cooling tower–concrete core cooling system under hot–semiarid climatic conditions. Indoor and Built Environment, 26(5), 680–693. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X16635260
- Samuel, D. G. L., Nagendra, S. M. S., & Maiya, M. P. (2018). Parametric analysis on the thermal comfort of a cooling tower based thermally activated building system in tropical climate – An experimental study. Applied Thermal Engineering, 138, 325–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.04.077
- Santamouris, M., & Asimakopoulos, D. (1996). Passive cooling of buildings. Earthscan.
- Simpson, W. M., & Sherwood, T. K. (1946). Performance of small mechanical draft cooling towers. Refrigerating Engineering, 52(6), 525–543.
- Srivastava, P., Khan, Y., Bhandari, M., Mathur, J., & Pratap, R. (2018). Calibrated simulation analysis for integration of evaporative cooling and radiant cooling system for different Indian climatic zones. Journal of Building Engineering, 19, 561–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2018.05.024
- Thangavelu, S. R., Myat, A., & Khambadkone, A. (2017). Energy optimization methodology of multi-chiller plant in commercial buildings. Energy, 123, 64–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.116
- UC Berkeley. (2010). Ptolemy II version 8.0.1. EECS Department, UC Berkely, California.
- U.S. DOE. (2013). Energyplus v8.1.0.009. http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/energyplus/
- Virta, M., Butler, D., Graslund, J., Hogeling, J., Kristiansen, E. L., Reinikainen, M., & Svensson, G. (2013). Chilled beam application guidebook. REHVA guidebook. No 5. REHVA.
- Wang, L., Lee, E. W. M., Yuen, R. K., & Feng, W. (2019). Cooling load forecasting-based predictive optimisation for chiller plants. Energy and Buildings, 198, 261–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.06.016
- Watson, R. D., & Chapman, K. S. (2008). Radiant heating and cooling handbook. McGraw-Hill.
- Wei, S., Li, M., Lin, W., & Sun, Y. (2010). Parametric studies and evaluations of indoor thermal environment in wet season using a field survey and PMV–PPD method. Energy and Buildings, 42(6), 799–806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.11.017
- Wetter, M., & Haves, P. (2008, August). A modular building controls virtual test bed for the integration of heterogeneous systems. In Third National Conference of IBPSA-USA (pp. 69–76). IBPSA-USA.
- Wulfinghoff, D. R. (2000). Energy efficiency manual: For everyone who uses energy, pays for utilities, designs and builds, is interested in energy and the environmental preservation. Energy Institute Press.