2,506
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Conjecturing Fearful Futures: Journalistic Discourses on Deepfakes

&

References

  • Braun, V., and V. Clarke. 2012. “Thematic Analysis.” In APA Handbook of Research Methods in Psychology, edited by H. Cooper, Vol. 2, 57–71. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Bruns, A. 2019. Are Filter Bubbles Real? Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Carlson, M. 2009. “The Reality of a Fake Image: News Norms, Photojournalistic Craft, and Brian Walski’s Fabricated Photograph.” Journalism Practice 3 (2): 125–139.
  • Carlson, M. 2015. “The Robotic Reporter: Automated Journalism and the Redefinition of Labor, Compositional Forms, and Journalistic Authority.” Digital Journalism 3 (3): 416–431.
  • Carlson, M. 2017. Journalistic Authority: Legitimating News in the Digital Era. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
  • Carlson, M. 2018b. “Automating Judgment? Algorithmic Judgment, News Knowledge, and Journalistic Professionalism.” New Media & Society 20 (5): 1755–1772.
  • Carlson, M. 2020. “Fake News as an Informational Moral Panic: the Symbolic Deviancy of Social Media During the 2016 US Presidential Election.” Information, Communication & Society 23 (3): 374–388.
  • Carlson, M., and S. C. Lewis, ed. 2015. Boundaries of Journalism: Professionalism, Practices and Participation. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Chalaby, J. 1998. The Invention of Journalism. Houndsmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Clayton, J. 2021. “Twitter Boss: Trump Ban Is ‘Right’ but ‘Dangerous.’” BBC News, January 14.
  • Corner, J. 2017. “Fake News, Post-truth and Media–Political Change.” Media, Culture & Society 39 (7): 1100–1107.
  • Creech, B., and A. Roessner. 2019. “Declaring the Value of Truth: Progressive-era Lessons for Combatting Fake News.” Journalism Practice 13 (3): 263–279.
  • Diakopoulos, N., and D. Johnson. 2019. “Anticipating and Addressing the Ethical Implications of Deepfakes in the Context of Elections.” New Media & Society.
  • Dobber, T., N. Metoui, D. Trilling, N. Helberger, and C. de Vreese. 2020. “Do (Microtargeted) Deepfakes Have Real Effects on Political Attitudes?” The International Journal of Press/Politics 26: 69–91.
  • Ekström, M., and A. Tolson. 2017. “Citizens Talking Politics in the News.” In The Mediated Politics of Europe, edited by M. Ekström & J Firmstone, 201–227. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Fereday, J., and E. Muir-Cochrane. 2006. “Demonstrating Rigor Using Thematic Analysis: A Hybrid Approach of Inductive and Deductive Coding and Theme Development.” International Journal of Qualitative Methods 5 (1): 80–92.
  • Fine, G. A. 2009. Authors of the Storm: Meteorologists and the Culture of Prediction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Finneman, T., and R. J. Thomas. 2018. “A Family of Falsehoods: Deception, Media Hoaxes and Fake News.” Newspaper Research Journal 39 (3): 350–361.
  • Gottfried, J. 2019. “About Three-Quarters of Americans Favor Steps to Restrict Altered Videos and Images.” Pew Research Center Report, June 14.
  • Grice, A. 2017. “Fake News Handed Brexiteers the Referendum – And Now They Have No Idea What They’re Doing.” The Independent, January 18.
  • Hao, K., and W. D. Heaven. 2020. “The Year Deepfakes Went Mainstream.” MIT Technology Review, December 24.
  • Hyde, J. 2006. “News Coverage of Genetic Cloning: When Science Journalism Becomes Future-Oriented Speculation.” Journal of Communication Inquiry 30 (3): 229–250.
  • Jack, C. 2017. “Lexicon of Lies: Terms for Problematic Information.” Data & Society Research Institute Report.
  • Johnson, B. G., and K. Kelling. 2018. “Placing Facebook: “Trending,”“Napalm Girl,”“Fake News” and Journalistic Boundary Work.” Journalism Practice 12 (7): 817–833.
  • Kavanagh, J., and M. D. Rich. 2018. “Truth Decay: A Threat to Policymaking and Democracy.” Rand Corporation Briefing Paper.
  • Lewis, J., S. Inthorn, and K. Wahl-Jorgensen. 2005. Citizens or Consumers? Buckingham: Open University Press.
  • Lowrey, W., and Z. Shan. 2018. “Journalism’s Fortune Tellers: Constructing the Future of News.” Journalism 19 (2): 129–145.
  • Maddocks, S. 2020. “‘A Deepfake Porn Plot Intended to Silence Me’: Exploring Continuities Between Pornographic and ‘Political’Deep Fakes.” Porn Studies.
  • McCarthy, C. 2019. “Deepfakes Could Be Good News.” Spectator USA, February 2.
  • McNair, B. 1998. The Sociology of Journalism. London: Arnold.
  • Mirsky, Y., and W. Lee. 2021. “The Creation and Detection of Deepfakes: A Survey.” ACM Computing Surveys 54 (1): 1–41.
  • Neiger, M. 2007. “Media Oracles: The Cultural Significance and Political Import of News Referring to Future Events.” Journalism 8 (3): 309–321.
  • Newton, J. 2013. The Burden of Visual Truth: The Role of Photojournalism in Mediating Reality. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Nielsen, R. K., and S. A. Ganter. 2018. “Dealing with Digital Intermediaries: A Case Study of the Relations Between Publishers and Platforms.” New Media & Society 20 (4): 1600–1617.
  • Pariser, E. 2011. The Filter Bubble. London: Penguin UK.
  • Phillips, T. 2018. “Bolsonaro Business Backers Accused of Illegal Whatsapp Fake News Campaign.” The Guardian, October 18.
  • Schwartz, A. B. 2015. Broadcast Hysteria. New York: Hill and Wang.
  • Silverman, C. 2016. “This Analysis Shows How Viral Fake Election News Stories Outperformed Real News on Facebook.” BuzzFeed, November 16.
  • Tamul, D. J., and N. I. Martínez-Carrillo. 2018. “Ample Sample? An Examination of the Representativeness of Themes Between Sampling Durations Generated from Keyword Searches for 12 Months of Immigration News from LexisNexis and Newspaper Websites.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 95 (1): 96–121.
  • Tandoc Jr, E. C., J. Jenkins, and S. & Craft. 2019. “Fake News as a Critical Incident in Journalism.” Journalism Practice 13 (6): 673–689.
  • Tandoc Jr, E. C., Z. W. Lim, and R. & Ling. 2018. “Defining “Fake News” A Typology of Scholarly Definitions.” Digital Journalism 6 (2): 137–153.
  • Tenenboim-Weinblatt, K. 2013. “Bridging Collective Memories and Public Agendas: Toward a Theory of Mediated Prospective Memory.” Communication Theory 23 (2): 91–111.
  • Tenenboim-Weinblatt, K., and M. Neiger. 2015. “Print Is Future, Online Is Past: Cross-Media Analysis of Temporal Orientations in the News.” Communication Research 42 (8): 1047–1067.
  • Thornton, B. 2000. “The Moon Hoax: Debates About Ethics in 1835 New York Newspapers.” Journal of Mass Media Ethics 15 (2): 89–100.
  • Vaccari, C., and A. Chadwick. 2020. “Deepfakes and Disinformation: Exploring the Impact of Synthetic Political Video on Deception, Uncertainty, and Trust in News.” Social Media+ Society 6 (1): 1–13.
  • Vos, T. P., and R. J. Thomas. 2018. “The Discursive Construction of Journalistic Authority in a Post-Truth age.” Journalism Studies 19 (13): 2001–2010.
  • Waisbord, S. 2018. “Truth Is What Happens to News.” Journalism Studies 19 (13): 1866–1878.
  • Ward, S. J. 2009. “Journalism Ethics.” In Handbook of Journalism Studies, edited by K. Wahl-Jorgensen and T. Hanitzsch, 295–309. New York: Routledge.
  • Wardle, C., and H. Derakhshan. 2017. “Information Disorder: Toward an Interdisciplinary Framework for Research and Policy Making.” Council of Europe Report, DGI, 9.
  • Weaver, D. A., and B. Bimber. 2008. “Finding News Stories: A Comparison of Searches Using LexisNexis and Google News.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 85 (3): 515–530.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.