668
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

“My Family Isn't Racist—However…”: Multiracial/Multicultural Obama-ism as an Ideological Barrier to Teaching Intercultural Communication

References

  • Alexander, M. (2010). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. New York, NY: The New Press.
  • Asante, M.K. (1987). The Afrocentric idea. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University.
  • Augoustinoz, M., & Every, D. (2007). Contemporary racist discourse: Taboos against racism and racist accusations. In A. Weatherall, B.M. Watson, & C. Gallois (Eds.), Language, discourse and social psychology (pp. 233–254). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Barker, C., & Galasinski, D. (2001). Cultural studies and discourse analysis: A dialogue on language and identity. London, UK: Sage.
  • Bonilla-Silva, E. (2006). Racism without racists: Color-blind racism and the persistence of racial inequality in the United States (2nd ed.). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Bush, M.E.L. (2004). Breaking the code of good intentions: Everyday forms of whiteness. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Carrillo Rowe, A., & Malhotra, S. (2007). (Un)hinging whiteness. In L.M. Cooks & J.S. Simpson (Eds.), Whiteness, pedagogy, performance: Dis/placing race (pp. 271–298). Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
  • Chen, Y.-W. (2014a). “Are you an immigrant?”: Identity-based critical reflections of teaching intercultural communication. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 2014(138), 5–16. doi:10.1002/tl.20092
  • Chen, Y.-W. (2014b). Pan-Asian organizing for empowerment? Unpacking nonprofit discourses across organizational status positions. Howard Journal of Communications, 25, 350–371. doi:10.1080/10646175.2014.924451
  • Chen, Y.-W., & Collier, M. J. (2012). Intercultural identity positioning: Interview discourses from two identity-based nonprofit organizations. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication, 5(1), 43–63. doi:10.1080/17513057.2011.631215
  • Clark, W.A.V. (2003). Immigrants and the American dream: Remaking the middle class. New York, NY and London, UK: The Guilford Press.
  • Cooks, L.M., & Simpson, J.S. (Eds.). (2007). Whiteness, pedagogy, performance: Dis/placing race. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
  • Crenshaw, K.W. (2011). Demarginalizing the itnersection of race and sex: A Black feminist critique of anti-discrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and anti-racist politics. In H. Lutz, M. T. H. Viva, & L. Supik (Eds.), Framing intersectionailty: Debates on a multi-facted concept in gender studies (pp. 25–42). Burlington, VT: Ashgate.
  • Davis, N.J. (1992). Teaching about inequality: Student resistance, paralysis, and rage. Teaching Sociology, 20, 232–238. doi:10.2307/1319065
  • DeVoss, D., Jasken, J., & Hayden, D. (2002). Teaching intracultural and intercultural communication: A critique and suggested method. Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 16(1), 69–94. doi:10.1177/1050651902016001003
  • Driskill, G.W., Arjannikova, S., & Schneider, T. (2010). Assessing intercultural communication: Models and methods. In P. Backlund & G. Wakefield (Eds.), A communication assessment primer (pp. 127–143). Washington, DC: National Communication Association.
  • Duerringer, C.M. (2013). “They'd better hope for a lot of free parking”: Using monopoly to teach about classical liberalism, marginalization, and restorative justice. Communication Teacher, 27(1), 11–15. doi:10.1080/17404622.2012.730619
  • Endres, D., & Gould, M. (2009). “I am also in the position to use my whiteness to help them out”: The communication of whiteness in service learning. Western Journal of Communication, 73, 418–436. doi:10.1080/10570310903279083
  • Fassett, D.L., & Warren, J.T. (2007). Critical communication pedagogy. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Ferber, A.L. (2012). The culture of privilege: Color-blindness, postfeminism, and christonormativity. Journal of Social Issues, 68(1), 63–77. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2011.01736.x
  • Finke, L. (1993). Knowledge as bait: Feminism, voice, and the pedagogical unconscious. College English, 55, 7–27.
  • Foss, S.K. (2004). Rhetorical criticism: Exploration & practice (3rd ed.). Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press.
  • Fram, A. (2008, November). Mutts like meshows Obamas racial comfort. Retrieved from http://www.nbcnews.com/id/27606637/ns/politics-decision_08/t/mutts-me-shows-obamas-racial-comfort/#.U8rMU7HCctc
  • Frankenburg, R. (1993). White women, race matters: The social construction of whiteness. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Freire, P. (1996). Pedagogy of the oppressed (M.B. Ramos, Trans. 20th anniversary ed.). New York, NY: Continuum.
  • Funderburg, L. (2013). The changing face of America. Retrieved October, 2013, from http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2013/10/changing-faces/funderburg-text
  • Gallagher, C.A. (2008). Introduction. In C.A. Gallagher (Ed.), Racism in post-race America: New theories, new directions (pp. ix–xv). Conover, NC: Social Forces.
  • Giroux, H.A. (2010). Politics after hope: Barack Obama and the crisis of youth, race, and democracy. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
  • Griffin, R.A., & Jackson, N.R. (2011). Privilege monopoly: An opportunity to engage in diversity awareness. Communication Teacher, 25(1), 1–6. doi:10.1080/17404622.2010.514273
  • Gudykunst, W.B. (Ed.). (2005). Theorizing about intercultural communication. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Halualani, R.T. (2011). Abstracting and de-radicalizing diversity: The articulation of diversity in the post-race era. In M. Lacy & K.A. Ono (Eds.), Critical rhetorics of race (pp. 247–264). New York, NY: New York University Press.
  • Hamlet, J.D. (2009). Engaging spirituality and an authentic self in the intercultural communication class. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 2009(120), 25–33. doi:10.1002/tl.374
  • Haney-López, I.F. (2010). Is the “post” in post-racial the “blind” in colorblind. Cardozo Law Review, 32, 807–831.
  • Hendrix, K.G., & Wilson, C. (2014). Virtual invisibility: Race and communication education. Communication Education, 63, 405–428. doi:10.1080/03634523.2014.934852
  • Hochschild, J., Weaver, V., & Burch, T. (2012). Creating a new racial order: How immigration, multiracialism, genomics, and the young can remake race in America. Princeton, NJ and Oxford: Princeton University Press.
  • Kaplan, H.R. (2011). The myth of post-racial America: Searching for equality in the age of materialism. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Education.
  • Kim, Y.Y. (2007). Ideology, identity, and intercultural communication: An analysis of differing academic conceptions of cultural identity. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 36(3), 237–253. doi:10.1080/17475750701737181
  • Kleinman, S., & Copp, M. (2009). Denying social harm: Students’ resistance to lessons about inequality. Teaching Sociology, 37, 283–293. doi:10.1177/0092055X0903700306
  • Logan, E. (2011). At this defining movement: Barack Obama's presidential candidacy and the new politics of race. New York, NY: New York University Press.
  • Love, B.L., & Tosolt, B. (2010). Reality or rhetoric? Barack Obama and post-racial America. Race, Gender & Class, 17(3–4), 19–37.
  • Martin, J.N., & Davis, O.I. (2001). Conceptual foundations for teaching about whiteness in intercultural communication courses. Communication Education, 50, 298–313. doi:10.1080/03634520109379257
  • Martin, J.N., Nakayama, T.K., & Carbaugh, D. (2012). The history and development of the study of intercultural communication and applied linguistics. In J. Jackson (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of language and intercultural communication (pp. 17–36). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • McKinney, K.D. (2008). Confronting young people's perceptions of whiteness: Privilege or liability? Sociology Compass, 2, 1303–1330. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9020.2008.00126.x
  • McPhail, M.L. (2004). Race and the (im)possibility of dialogue. In R. Anderson, L.A. Baxter, & K.N. Cissna (Eds.), Dialogue: Theorizing difference in communication studies (pp. 209–224). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Miike, Y. (2003). Toward an alternative metatheory of human communication: An Asiacentric vision. Intercultural Communication Studies, 12(4), 39–64.
  • Nakayama, T.K., & Martin, J.N. (2007). The “white problem” in intercultural communication research and pedagogy. In L.M. Cooks & J.S. Simpson (Eds.), Whiteness, pedagogy, performance: Dis/placing race (pp. 111–137). Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
  • Ono, K.A. (2010). Postracism: A theory of the “post-” as political strategy. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 34, 227–233. doi:10.1177/0196859910371375
  • Ono, K.A. (2013). Mad men's postracial figuration of a racial past. In M.E.L. Goodlad, L. Kaqanovsky, & A.R. Rushing (Eds.), Madmen, madworld: Sex, politics, style and the 1960s (pp. 300–319). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Orbe, M.P. (2011). Communication realities in apost-racialsociety: What the U.S. public really thinks about Barack Obama. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
  • Peck, J. (1994). Talk about racism: Framing a popular discourse of race on Oprah Winfrey. Cultural Critique, 27, 889–126.
  • Peeples, J., Hall, B.J., & Seiter, J.S. (2012). The flipper debate: Teaching intercultural communication through simulated conflict. Communication Teacher, 26(2), 87–91. doi:10.1080/17404622.2011.643806
  • Perry, P. (2001). White means never having to say you're Ethnic: White youth and the construction of “cultureless” identities. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 30(1), 56–91. doi:10.1177/089124101030001002
  • Perry, P. (2008). Creating safe spaces in predominately white classrooms. In M. Pollock (Ed.), Everyday antiracism: Getting real about race in school (pp. 226–229). New York, NY: The New Press.
  • Perumal, J. (2008). Student resistance to and teacher normalization of radical ideologies. International Journal of Learning, 15(1), 211–224.
  • Roberts, S., & Baker, P. (2012, April). Asked to declare his race Obama checksblack. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/03/us/politics/03census.html?_r=0
  • Rogers, R. (Ed.). (2004). An introduction to critical discourse analysis in education. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Ropers-Huilman, B. (1997). Constructing feminist teachers: Complexities of identity. Gender and Education, 9, 327–343. doi:10.1080/09540259721295
  • Simmons, N., & Chen, Y.-W. (2014). Using six-word memoirs to increase cultural identity awareness. Communication Teacher, 28(1), 20–25. doi:10.1080/17404622.2013.839050
  • Simpson, J.L. (2008). The color-blind double bind: Whiteness and the (im)possibility of dialogue. Communication Theory, 18(1), 139–159. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2007.00317.x
  • Simpson, J.S., Causey, A., & Williams, L. (2007). “I Would Want You to Understand It:” Students’ perspectives on addressing race in the classroom. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 36(1), 33–50. doi:10.1080/17475750701265274
  • Sorrells, K. (2012). Intercultural training in the global context. In J. Jackson (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of language and intercultural communication (pp. 372–389). London, UK: Routledge.
  • Stafford, W.W. (1996). If we live in a “post” era, is there a post-racism? In B.P. Bowser & R.G. Hunt (Eds.), Impacts of racism on white Americans (2nd ed., pp. 113–138). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Tracy, K. (2005). Reconstructing communicative practices: Action-implicative discourse analysis. In K. Fitch & R. Sanders (Eds.), Handbook of language and social interaction (pp. 301–319). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • van Dijk, T.A. (1984). Prejudice in discourse: An analysis of ethnic prejudice in cognition and conversation. Admsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • van Dijk, T.A. (1993). Elite discourse and racism. Newbury Park: Sage.
  • van Dijk, T.A. (1998). Ideology: A multidisciplinary approach. London, UK: Sage.
  • van Dijk, T.A. (2008). Discourse and power. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • van Dijk, T.A., Ting-Toomey, S., Smitherman, G., & Troutman, D. (1997). Discourse, ethnicity, culture and racism. In T.A. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse as social interaction (Vol. 2, pp. 144–180). London, UK: Sage.
  • Warren, J.T. (2003). Performing purity: Whiteness, pedagogy, and the reconstitution of power. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
  • Wetherell, M., & Potter, J. (1992). Mapping the language of racism: Discourse and the legitimation of exploitation. London, UK: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.