The “sacred” standing for the “fallen” spirits: Yasukuni Shrine and memory of war

References

• Aden, R., Han, M., Norander, S., Pfahl, M.E., Pollock, T.P., & Young, S.L. (2009). Re- collection: A proposal for refining the study of collective memory places. Communication Theory, 19, 311–336. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2009.01345.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arendt, H. (1963). Eichmann in Jerusalem: A report on the banality of evil. New York, NY: Viking Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bal, M. (1999). Introduction. In M. Bal, J. Crewe, & L. Spitzer (Eds.), Acts of memory: Cultural recall in the present (pp. vii–xvii). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
   Google Scholar
• Basso, K. (1996). Wisdom sits in places: Landscape and language among the Western Apache. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ben-Amos, D., & Weissberg, L. (Eds.). (1999). Cultural memory and the construction of identity. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Billig, M. (1995). Banal nationalism. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Blair, C. (1999). Contemporary U.S. memorial sites as exemplars of rhetoric’s materiality. In J. Selzer & S. Crowley (Eds.), Rhetorical bodies (pp. 16–57). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
   Google Scholar
• Blair, C. (2006). Collective memory. In G.J. Shepherd, J. St. John, & T. Striphas (Eds.), Communication as … Perspectives on theory (pp. 51–59). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Blair, C., & Michel, N. (1999). Commemorating in the theme park zone: Reading the Astronauts Memorial. In T. Rosteck (Ed.), At the intersection: Cultural studies and rhetorical studies (pp. 29–83). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bodnar, J. (1989). Power and memory in oral history: Workers and managers at Studebaker. The Journal of American History, 75, 1201–1221. doi: 10.2307/1908636
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodnar, J. (1992). Remaking America: Public memory, commemoration, and patriotism in the twentieth century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Boyarin, J. (1994). Remapping memory: Space, time, and the politics of memory. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, R.L. (Ed.). (1999). When sorry isn’t enough: The controversy over apologies and reparations for human injustice. New York, NY: NYU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Burke, P. (1990). History: As social memory. In T. Butler (Ed.), Memory: History, culture and the mind (pp. 97–113). Boston, MA: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Butler, J. (1993). Bodies that matter: On the discursive limits of “sex”. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Caruth, C. (1996). Unclaimed experience: Trauma, narrative, history. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Casey, E.S. (1996). How to get from space to place in a fairly short stretch of time: Phenomenological prolegomena. In S. Feld & K.H. Basso (Eds.), Senses of place (pp. 13–52). Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research Press.
   Google Scholar
• Casey, E.S. (2000). Remembering: A phenomenological study. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Casey, E.S. (2004). Public memory in place and time. In K.R. Phillips (Ed.), Framing public memory (pp. 17–44). Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chung, N. (2012a, October 9). Il Abe chamindang ch’ongjae “pangwiyesan nŭlligetta” [Japan Abe the Liberal Democratic Party President “will expand the security budget”]. The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/japan/555000.html
   Google Scholar
• Chung, N. (2012b, October 18). Il kangnyo’ŭiwŏn tto taegŏ yasukunihaeng ilsanghwa’hanŭn ‘kun’gukchuŭi hyanghan sungbae [Japanese cabinet and diet members again visits in large numbers: Routinizing ‘worshipping of militarism’]. The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/japan/556520.html
   Google Scholar
• Chung, N. (2013, April 23). Abe ch’ongli “ch’imlyakŭi chŏngŭi, sikakttala talŭta” [Japanese PM Abe “Definition of invasion, different from perspective”]. The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/japan/584211.html
   Google Scholar
• Chungkuk, yŏngt’o kaltŭng onto nachwŏya hanta (Sasŏl) [China must lower the temperature on the territorial disputes (Editorial)]. (2012, September 18). The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/opinion/editorial/552275.html
   Google Scholar
• Connerton, P. (1989). How societies remember. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Derrida, J. (1976). Of grammatology ( G.C. Spivak, Trans.). Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dickinson, G., Ott, B.L., & Aoki, E. (2006). Spaces of remembering and forgetting: The reverent eye/I at the Plains Indian Museum. Communication & Critical/Cultural Studies, 3, 27–47. doi: 10.1080/14791420500505619
   Google Scholar
• Dicks, B. (2003). Culture on display: The production of contemporary visitability. London: Open University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dwyer, O., & Alderman, D. (2008). Memorial landscapes: Analytic questions and metaphors. GeoJournal, 73, 165–178. doi: 10.1007/s10708-008-9201-5
   Google Scholar
• Eagleton, T. (1991). Ideology: An introduction. London, UK: Verso.
   Google Scholar
• Embassy of the United States Tokyo, Japan. (2013, December 26). Statement on Prime Minister Abe’s December 26 visit to Yasukuni Shrine. Tokyo, Japan. Retrieved from http://japan.usembassy.gov/e/p/tp-20131226-01.html
   Google Scholar
• Fackler, M. (2012, October 17). Japanese politician’s visit to shrine raises worries. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/18/world/asia/japan-opposition-leader-shinzo-abe-visits-war-shrine-a-possible-message-to-neighbors.html
   Google Scholar
• Fastenberg, D. (2010, June 17). Top 10 national apologies: The Holocaust. Time. Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1997272_1997273_1997275,00.html
   Google Scholar
• Gillis, J.R. (1994). Memory and identity: The history of a relationship. In J.R. Gillis (Ed.), Commemorations: Politics of national identity (pp. 3–26). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Halbwachs, M. (1992). On collective memory. [ L.A. Coser (Ed) (Trans)] Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Harding, S. (Ed.). (2004). The feminist standpoint theory reader: Intellectual & political controversies. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Harootunian, H. (1999). Memory, mourning, and national morality: Yasukuni Shrine and the reunion of state and religion in postwar Japan. In P.V. de Veer & H. Lehman (Eds.), Nation and religion: Perspectives on Europe and Asia (pp. 144–160). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hartsock, N.C.M. (1998). The feminist standpoint revisited & other essays. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hayden, D. (1995). The power of place: Urban landscapes as public history. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hechter, M. (2001). Containing nationalism. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Holton, D.C. (1943). Modern Japan and Shinto nationalism. Chicago, IL: Paragon Book Gallery.
   Google Scholar
• Il kaklyo 2 myŏng, 8-15e yasukuni ch’ampae [Two Japanese cabinet members worship at the Yasukuni Shrine on August 15]. (2012, August 15). The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/japan/547289.html
   Google Scholar
• Ilpon kaklyo-ŭiwŏn, yasukuni ch’ampae itala ch’ampae [Japanese cabinet and diet members successively worship at the Yasukuni Shrine]. (2012, October 18). The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/japan/556422.html
   Google Scholar
• Ilpon Kukhoeŭiwŏn “A’kupchŏnpŏm hapsa’ yasukunisinsa chiptanch’ampae [Japanese congressmen mass visiting at Yasukuni Shrine ‘housing Class-A war criminals]. (2015, April 22). The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/japan/687944.html
   Google Scholar
• Irwin-Zarecka, I. (1994). Frames of remembrance: The dynamics of collective memory. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
   Google Scholar
• Japan arrests 14 Hongkongese protesters landed in Senkaku … “strictly handled.” (2012, August 15). The Dong-A Ilbo. (My Trans.). Retrieved from http://news.donga.com/Inter/3/02/20120815/48652747/1
   Google Scholar
• Kil, Y. (2012, August 20). Tongpuka yŏngt’opunchaengŭi ‘sumŭn son’ŭn mikuk [Behind the territorial disputes in the North East Asia, the US is “the Hidden Hand”]. The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/asiapacific/547885.html
   Google Scholar
• Kil, Y. (2013, December 26). Yasukuni sinsa ch’ampae … sŏn nŏmŭn Abe [Visit to Yasukuni Shrine … Line-crossed Abe]. The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/japan/617207.html
   Google Scholar
• Kil, Y. (2014, August 15). Abe, chŏnchaeng pansŏng ŏnkŭp anhae … yasukuni chiptanch’ampae [Abe, no mentioning of war … mass visiting at Yasukuni]. The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/japan/651383.html
   Google Scholar
• Kim, T. (2012, October 19). Saakhan ch’ampae [A vicious visit]. The Chosun Ilbo. Retrieved from http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2012/10/19/2012101902666.html
   Google Scholar
• Kim, Y. (2013, December 26). Abe ch’ongli, yasukuni chŏnkyŏkch’ampae … han’chung kanglyŏk panpal [Prime Minister Abe, decisively visits Yasukuni Shrine … Korea and China strongly oppose]. Yonhapnews. Retrieved from http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/international/2013/12/26/0601010100AKR20131226222400073.HTML
   Google Scholar
• Koyasu, N. (2005). Yasukuni Mondai toha nanika [What is the Yasukuni Debate]. Gendai Shisou [Contemporary Philosophy], 33(9), 70–75.
   Google Scholar
• LaCapara, D. (2001). Writing history, writing trauma. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• LaCapara, D. (2004). History in transit: Experience, identity, critical theory. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lennon, J., & Foley, M. (2000). Dark tourism: The attractions of death and disaster. London: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Linenthal, E., & Englehardt, T. (Eds.). (1996). History wars: The Enola Gay and other battles for the American past. New York, NY: HenryHolt.
   Google Scholar
• Minoru, Z. (2006). The unconstitutionality lawsuit for the Yasukuni visit, invasive shrine, and national commemorating sites. Proceedings from 2006 International Academic Symposium: Looking at Yasukuni through eyes of the world—Between civilizations and savagery (pp. 109–128). A Research Institute for Nationalism Problem: Korea.
   Google Scholar
• Morison, T. (1992). The site of memory. In R. Gerguson, M. Gever, T.M. Trinh, & C. West (Eds.), Out there: Marginalization in contemporary culture (pp. 299–326). New York, NY: New Museum of Contemporary Art/MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nienkamp, J. (2001). Internal rhetorics: Toward a history and theory of self-persuasion. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nishiyama, G. (2013, December 26). Abe visit to controversial Japanese shrine draws rare U.S. criticism. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304483804579281103015121712
   Google Scholar
• Nora, P., & Kritzman, L. (Eds.). (1998). Realms of memory: The constructions of the French past ( Vols. 3, Symbols). (A. Goldhammer, Trans.). New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Onishi, N. (2005, June 22). A war shrine, for a Japan seeking a not guilty verdict. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://travel.nytimes.com/2005/06/22/international/asia/22letter.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
   Google Scholar
• Park, H. (2012, October 1). Taioyudaonŭn che’iŭi manchuka toena? [Daioyu Islands becomes the next Manchuria?]. The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/china/553949.html
   Google Scholar
• Park, K.T. (2005). Ilponŭi sinsa [Japan’s Shinto shrines]. Paju, Korea: SalLimChulPanSa.
   Google Scholar
• Park, N. (2007). Ulika mollassŏtŏn tongasia: Kŭntae manglyŏngŭloput’ŏŭi t’alchu, tongasiaŭi mŏtchin panlanŭl wihayo [ The East Asia that we did not know: Escape from the modern ghost, for the wonderful revolt of East Asia]. Seoul, Korea: The Hankyoreh Press.
   Google Scholar
• Payne, E., & Wakatsuki, Y. (2013, December 28). Japanese Prime Minister Abe visits controversial Yasukuni war shrine. CNN. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2013/12/25/world/asia/japan-pm-war-shrine/
   Google Scholar
• Pollock, D. (Ed.). (2005). Remembering: Oral history performance. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Potsdam Declaration. (Issued on July 26, 1945). In the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Nihon Gaiko Nenpyo Narabini Shuyo Bunsho: 1840-1945 (Vol. 2). Retrieved from http://www.ndl.go.jp/constitution/e/etc/c06.html
   Google Scholar
• Ricoeur, P. (2004). Memory, history, forgetting. ( K. Dlamey, & D. Pellauer, Trans.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Said, E. (1978). Orientalism. New York, NY: Pantheon Books.
   Google Scholar
• Said, E.W. (2000). Invention, memory, and place. Critical Inquiry, 26(2), 175–192. doi: 10.1086/448963
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandel, M.J. (2009). Justice: What’s right thing to do? New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz, B., & Bayma, T. (1999). Commemoration and the politics of recognition: The Korean War Veterans Memorial. American Behavioral Scientist, 42(6), 946–967. doi: 10.1177/00027649921954679
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sekiguchi, T. (2013, July 3). Japan PM Abe dodges question about aggression vs. China, Korea. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20130703-702576.html
   Google Scholar
• Selden, M. (2006). Nationalism, historical memory and contemporary conflicts in the Asia Pacific: The Yasukuni phenomenon and the United States. Proceedings from 2006 International Academic Symposium: Looking at Yasukuni through eyes of the world—Between civilizations and savagery (pp. 46–55). A Research Institute for Nationalism Problem: Korea.
   Google Scholar
• Shin, J. (2005, September 30). Japanese High Court, found Koizumi’s Yasukuni visit as unconstitutional. The Hankyoreh. Retrieved http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/society/society_general/68005.html
   Google Scholar
• Soja, E. (Ed.). (1989). Postmodern geographies. The reassertion of space in critical social theory. New York, NY: Verso.
   Google Scholar
• Sturken, M. (1997). Tangled memories: The Vietnam War, the AIDS epidemic, and the politics of remembering. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tabuchi, H. (2013, December 26). With shrine visit, leader asserts Japan’s track from pacifism. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/27/world/asia/japanese-premier-visits-contentious-war-shrine.html?_r=0
   Google Scholar
• Takahashi, T. (2005). Kyŏlk’o piharsuŏpnŭn yaskuni munche [Absolutely unavoidable Yaskuni Problem] (D. Hyun, Trans.). Seoul: YǒkSaPiP’yǒngSa.
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka, N. (2002). Yasukunino sengoshi [The postwar history of Yasukuni]. Chiyodaku, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.
   Google Scholar
• The Constitution of Japan. (1945). Retrieved from http://japan.kantei.go.jp/constitution_and_government_of_japan/constitution_e.html
   Google Scholar
• Tokyo attractions: Yasukuni Shrine. (n.d.). The New York Times. Retrieved from http://travel.nytimes.com/travel/guides/asia/japan/tokyo/23464/yasukuni-shrine/attraction-detail.html
   Google Scholar
• Tomiyama, I. (2002). Jeonjangui gi’yeok [Senjo no Kioku]. (S. Im, Trans.). Seoul, Korea: Yeesan. (Original work published 1995).
   Google Scholar
• Turner, V. (1974). Dramas, fields, and metaphors: Symbolic action in human society. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wagner-Pacifici, R. (1996). Memories in the making: The hopes of things that went. Qualitative Sociology, 19(3), 301–321. doi: 10.1007/BF02393274
   Google Scholar
• Wagner-Pacifici, R., & Schwartz, B. (1991). The Vietnam Veterans memorial: Commemorating a difficult past. American Journal of Sociology, 97(2), 376–420. doi: 10.1086/229783
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, E. A. (2005). Rhetorical spaces in memorial places: The cemetery as a rhetorical memory place/space. Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 35(4), 51–81. doi: 10.1080/02773940509391322
   Google Scholar
• Yardly, J. (2007, May 8). Abe’s gift to the Yasukuni war shrine in Japan is scrutinized. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/08/world/asia/08iht-japan.2.5617692.html
   Google Scholar
• Yasukuni ch’ampae ŭiwŏn moim 190 myŏng ch’ampae … yŏktae ch’oeta kilok [The Diet society to visit Yasukuni … the largest in history]. (2013, August 15). The Hankyoreh. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/international/japan/599661.html
   Google Scholar
• Yasukuni Shrine. (2008a). An introduction to Yasukuni Shrine. Tokyo: Yasukuni Jinja.
   Google Scholar
• Yasukuni Shrine. (2008b). A pamphlet of Yasukuni Jinja. Tokyo: Yasukuni Jinja.
   Google Scholar
• Yasukuni Shrine. (n.d.). Yasukuni Shrine Homepage. Retrieved from http://www.yasukuni.or.jp/english/
   Google Scholar
• Yueh, L. (2014, January 22). Japanese PM Shinzo Abe urges Asia military restraint. BBC NEWS. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-25851960
   Google Scholar
• Zelizer, B. (1995). Reading the past against the grain: The shape of memory studies. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 12, 214–239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zerubavel, E. (2003). Time maps: Collective memory and the social shape of the past. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar