Relationships between substance use and hypomanic symptoms in a non-clinical sample.

References

• American Psychiatric Association. 2000 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , 4th ed.). Text Revision , Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Association .
   Google Scholar
• Angst , J. 1998 . The emerging epidemiology of hypomania and bipolar II disorder . Journal of Affective Disorders , 50 : 143 – 151 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angst , J. , Adolfsson , R. , Benazzi , F. , Gamma , A. , Hantouche , E. , Meyer , T.D. … and Scott , J. 2005a . The HCL-32: Towards a self-assessment tool for hypomanic symptoms in outpatients . Journal of Affective Disorders , 88 : 217 – 233 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angst , J. , Gamma , A. , Benazzi , F. , Ajdacica , V. , Eicha , D. and Rossler , W. 2003 . Toward a re-definition of subthreshold bipolarity: Epidemiology and proposed criteria for bipolar-II, minor bipolar disorders and hypomania . Journal of Affective Disorders , 73 : 133 – 146 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angst , J. , Sellaro , R. , Stassen , H. H. and Gamma , A. 2005b . Diagnostic conversion from depression to bipolar disorders: Results of a long-term prospective study of hospital admissions . Journal of Affective Disorders , 84 : 149 – 157 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arria , A. M. , Caldeira , K. M. , O'Grady , K. E. , Vincent , K. B. , Fitzelle , D. B. , Johnson , E. P. and Wish , E. D. 2008 . Drug exposure opportunities and use patterns among college students: Results of a longitudinal prospective cohort study . Substance Abuse , 29 : 19 – 38 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baethge , C. , Baldessarini , R. J. , Khalsa , H. M.K. , Hennen , J. , Salvatore , P. and Tohen , M. 2005 . Substance abuse in first-episode bipolar I disorder: Indications for early intervention . American Journal of Psychiatry , 162 : 1008 – 1010 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baethge , C. , Hennen , J. , Khalsa , H. M.K. , Salvatore , P. , Tohen , M. and Baldessarini , R. J. 2008 . Sequencing of substance use and affective morbidity in 166 first-episode bipolar I disorder patients . Bipolar Disorders , 10 : 738 – 741 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bertolín-Guillén , J. M. , López-Arquero , F. J. and Martínez-Franco , L. 2007 . Cannabis-induced mania? . Journal of Substance Use , 13 : 139 – 141 .
   Google Scholar
• Bizzarri , J. V. , Sbrana , A. , Rucci , P. , Ravani , L. , Massei , G. J. , Gonnelli , C. … and Cassano , G.B. 2007 . The spectrum of substance abuse in bipolar disorder: Reasons for use, sensation seeking and substance sensitivity . Bipolar Disorders , 9 : 213 – 220 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassidy , F. , Ahearn , E. P. and Carroll , B. J. 2001 . Substance abuse in bipolar disorder . Bipolar Disorders , 3 : 181 – 188 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chengappa , K. N.R. , Levine , J. , Gershon , S. and Kupfer , D. J. 2000 . Lifetime prevalence of substance or alcohol abuse and dependence among subjects with bipolar I and II disorders in a voluntary registry . Bipolar Disorders , 2 : 191 – 195 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conus , P. , Ward , J. , Lucas , N. , Cotton , S. , Yung , A. R. , Berk , M. and McGorry , P. D. 2010 . Characterisation of the prodrome to a first episode of psychotic mania: Results of a retrospective study . Journal of Affective Disorders , 124 ( 3 ) : 341 – 345 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cranford , J. A. , Eisenberg , D. and Serras , A. M. 2009 . Substance use behaviors, mental health problems, and use of mental health services in a probability sample of college students . Addictive Behaviors , 34 : 134 – 145 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton , E. J. , Cate-Carter , T. D. , Mundo , E. , Parikh , S. V. and Kennedy , J. L. 2003 . Suicide risk in bipolar patients: The role of co-morbid substance use disorders . Bipolar Disorders , 5 : 58 – 61 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferdinand , R. F. , Sondeijker , F. , van der Ende , J. , Selten , J. -P. , Huizink , A. and Verhulst , F. C. 2005 . Cannabis use predicts future psychotic symptoms, and vice versa . Addiction , 100 : 612 – 618 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Floyd , A. G. , Nashaat , N. , Boutros , F. A. , Struve , E. W. and Oliwa , G. M. 2006 . Risk factors for experiencing psychosis during cocaine use: A preliminary report . Journal of Psychiatric Research , 40 : 178 – 182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank , E. , Boland , E. , Novick , D. M. , Bizzarri , J. V. and Rucci , P. 2007 . Association between illicit drug and alcohol use and first manic episode . Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior , 86 : 395 – 400 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaudiano , B. A. , Uebelacker , L. A. and Miller , I. W. 2008 . Impact of remitted substance use disorders on the future course of bipolar I disorder: Findings from a clinical trial . Psychiatry Research , 160 : 63 – 71 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant , B. F. , Stinson , F. S. , Dawson , D. A. , Chou , S. P. , Dufour , M. C. , Compton , W. … and Kaplan , K. 2004 . Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions . Archives of General Psychiatry , 61 : 807 – 816 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grinspoon , L. and Bakalar , J. B. 1998 . The use of cannabis as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder: Anecdotal evidence and the need for clinical research . Journal of Psychoactive Drugs , 30 : 171 – 177 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henquet , C. , Krabbendam , L. , De Graaf , R. , Ten Have , M. and Van Os , J. 2006 . Cannabis use and expression of mania in the general population . Journal of Affective Disorders , 95 : 103 – 110 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes , M. K. , Bearden , C. E. , Barguil , M. , Fonseca , M. , Monkul , E. S. , Nery , F.G. … and Glahn , D. C. 2009 . Conceptualizing impulsivity and risk taking in bipolar disorder: Importance of history of alcohol abuse . Bipolar Disorders , 11 : 33 – 40 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hope , A. , Dring , C. and Dring , J. 2005 . The health of Irish students: College Lifestyle and Attitudinal National (CLAN) Survey , Dublin, , Ireland : Department of Health and Children .
   Google Scholar
• Kwapil , T. R. , Miller , M. B. , Zinser , M. C. , Chapman , L. J. , Chapman , J. and Eckblad , M. 2000 . A longitudinal study of high scorers on the hypomanic personality scale . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 109 : 222 – 226 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lagerberg , T. V. , Andreassen , O. A. , Ringen , P. A. , Berg , A. O. , Larsson , S. , Agartz , I. … and Melle , I. 2010 . Excessive substance use in bipolar disorder is associated with impaired functioning rather than clinical characteristics, a descriptive study . BMC Psychiatry , 10 : 9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liechti , M. E. and Vollenweider , F. X. 2000 . Acute psychological and physiological effects ofMDMA (‘Ecstasy’) after haloperidol pretreatment in healthy humans . European Neuropsychopharmacology , 10 : 289 – 295 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merikangas , K. R. , Herrell , R. , Swendsen , J. , Rossler , W. , Ajdacic-Gross , V. and Angst , J. 2008 . Specificity of bipolar spectrum conditions in the comorbidity of mood and substance use disorders results from the Zurich cohort study . Archives of General Psychiatry , 65 : 47 – 52 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer , B. , Rahman , R. and Shepherd , R. 2007a . Hypomanic personality features and addictive tendencies . Personality and Individual Differences , 42 : 801 – 810 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer , T. D. , Hammelstein , P. , Nilsson , L.-G. , Skeppar , P. , Adolfsson , R. and Angst , J. 2007b . The Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32): Its factorial structure and association to indices of impairment in German and Swedish nonclinical samples . Comprehensive Psychiatry , 48 : 79 – 87 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Regier , D. A. , Farmer , M. E. , Rae , D. S. , Locke , B. Z. and Keith , S. J. 1990 . Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study . Journal of the American Medical Association , 264 : 2511 – 2518 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson , T. and Garavan , H. 2009 . Hypomanic symptoms in female undergraduate students diagnosed with unipolar depression based on scores on the hypomania checklist . Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health , 5 : 22 – 25 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Singh , J. , Mattoo , S. K. , Sharan , P. and Basu , D. 2005 . Quality of life and its correlates in patients with dual diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder and substance dependence . Bipolar Disorders , 7 : 187 – 191 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skinner , R. , Conlon , L. , Gibbons , D. and McDonald , C. 2011 . Cannabis use and nonclinical dimensions of psychosis in university students presenting to primary care . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 123 ( 1 ) : 21 – 27 . doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01546.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Strakowski , S. M. and DelBello , M. P. 2000 . The co-occurrence of bipolar and substance use disorders . Clinical Psychology Review , 20 : 191 – 206 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strakowski , S. M. , DelBello , M. P. , Fleck , D. E. , Adler , C. M. , Anthenelli , R. M. , Keck , P.E. … and Amicone , J. 2007 . Effects of co-occurring cannabis use disorders on the course of bipolar disorder after a first hospitalization for mania . Archives of General Psychiatry , 64 : 57 – 64 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sublette , M. E. , Carballo , J. J. , Moreon , C. , Galdalvy , H. C. , Brent , D. A. , Birmaher , B. and Oquendo , M. A. 2009 . Substance use disorders and suicide attempts in bipolar subtypes . Journal of Psychiatric Research , 43 : 230 – 238 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Swann , A. C. , Dougherty , D. M. , Pazzaglia , P. J. , Pham , M. and Moeller , F. G. 2004 . Impulsivity: A link between bipolar disorder and substance abuse . Bipolar Disorders , 6 : 204 – 212 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Rossum , I. , Boomsma , M. , Tenback , D. , Reed , C. , Van Os , J. and & the EMBLEM Advisory Board. 2009 . Does cannabis use affect treatment outcome in bipolar disorder? Alongitudinal analysis . The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 197 : 35 – 40 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vieta , E. , Sanchez-Moreno , J. , Bulbena , A. , Chamorro , L. , Ramos , J. L. , Artal , J. and … EDHIPO (Hypomania Detection Study) Group. 2007 . Cross validation with the mood disorder questionnaire (MDQ) of an instrument for the detection of hypomania in Spanish: The 32 item hypomania symptoms check list (HCL-32) . Journal of Affective Disorders , 101 : 43 – 55 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vollenweider , F. X. , Maguire , R. P. , Leenders , K. L. , Mathys , K. and Angst , J. 1998 . Effects of high amphetamine dose on mood and cerebral glucose metabolism in normal volunteers using positron emission tomography (PET) . Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section , 83 : 149 – 162 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar