715
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

The 2014 Walrus Haul Out: A Case Study of Selective Exposure to Environmental News Coverage

, &
Pages 63-74 | Received 19 May 2015, Accepted 17 Jan 2016, Published online: 26 Oct 2016

References

  • Abelman, R. (1987). Religious and television uses and gratifications. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 31, 293–307. doi: 10.1080/08838158709386665
  • Abramowitz, A. I., & Saunders, K. L. (2006). Exploring the bases of partisanship in the American electorate: Social identity vs. ideology. Political Research Quarterly, 59(2), 175–187. doi:10.2307/4148086
  • Albarran, A., Anderson, T., Bejar, L., Bussart, A., Daggert, E., Gibson, S., … Way, H. (2007). What happened to our audience? Radio and new technology uses and gratifications among young adult users. Journal of Radio Studies, 14, 92–101. doi: 10.1080/10955040701583171
  • The Annenberg Democracy Project. (2007). A republic divided. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Brannon, L. A., Tagler, M. J., & Eagly, A. H. (2007). The moderating role of attitude strength in selective exposure to information. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(4), 611–617. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2006.05.001
  • Cappella, J. N., & Jamieson, K. H. (1997). Spiral of cynicism: The press and the public good. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • CBS News. (2014, October 1). Pacific walrus faces growing threat. Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/pacific-walrus-faces-growing-threat/
  • Daykin, A., & Moffatt, P. (2002). Analyzing ordered responses: A review of the ordered probit model. Understanding Statistics, 1(3), 157–166. doi: 10.1207/S15328031US0103_02
  • Dunlap, R., & McCright, A. (2008). A widening gap: Republican and Democratic views on climate change. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 50(5), 26–35. doi: 10.3200/ENVT.50.5.26-35
  • Feldman, L., Myers, T. A., Hmielowski, J. D., & Leiserowitz, A. (2014). The mutual reinforcement of media selectivity and effects: Testing the reinforcing spirals framework in the context of global warming. Journal of Communication, 64(4), 590–611. doi:10.1111/jcom.12108
  • Gibson, J. L. (2007). The legitimacy of the U.S. Supreme court in a polarized polity. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 4(3), 507–538. doi:10.1111/j.1740-1461.2007.00098.x
  • Hart, W., Albarracín, D., Eagly, A., Brechan, I., Lindberg, M., & Merrill, L. (2009). Feeling validated versus being correct: A meta-analysis of selective exposure to information. Psychological Bulletin, 135(4), 555–588. doi: 10.1037/a0015701
  • Hemphill, J. F. (2003). Interpreting the magnitudes of correlation coefficients. American Psychologist, 58(1), 78–79. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.78
  • Hennessy, M., & Bleakley, A. (2015). Understanding selective exposure to media using structural equation modeling. Philadelphia, PA: Annenberg Public Policy Center, University of Pennsylvania.
  • Hoetker, G. (2007). The use of logit and probit models in strategic management research: Critical issues. Strategic Management Journal, 28(4), 331–343. doi:10.2307/20142444
  • Horrigan, J., Garrett, K., & Resnick, P. (2004). The internet and democratic debate. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2004/10/27/the-internet-and-democratic-debate/
  • Iyengar, S., & Hahn, K. S. (2009). Red media, blue media: Evidence of ideological selectivity in media Use. Journal of Communication, 59(1), 19–39. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.01402.x
  • Jamieson, K. H., & Cappella, J. N. (2008). Echo chamber: Rush Limbaugh and the conservative media establishment. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Jamieson, K. H., & Hardy, B. W. (2014). Leveraging scientific credibility about Arctic sea ice trends in a polarized political environment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111( Suppl. 4), 13598–13605. doi:10.1073/pnas.1320868111
  • Judd, C. M., & Kulik, J. A. (1980). Schematic effects of social attitudes on information processing and recall. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(4), 569–578. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.38.4.569
  • Kahan, D. M. (2013). Ideology, motivated reasoning, and cognitive reflection. Judgment & Decision Making, 8(4), 407–424.
  • Kata, A. (2010). A postmodern pandora’s box: Anti-vaccination misinformation on the internet. Vaccine, 28(7), 1709–1716. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.12.022
  • Katz, E., Blumler, J. G., & Gurevitch, M. (1973). Uses and gratifications research. Public Opinion Quarterly, 37, 509–523. doi: 10.1086/268109
  • Katz, E., Blumler, J. G., & Gurevitch, M. (1974). Utilization of mass communication by the individual. In J. Blumler & E. Katz (Eds.), The uses of mass communication: Current perspectives on gratifications research (pp. 19–32). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Katz, E., Haas, H., & Gurevitch, M. (1973). On the use of the mass media for important things. American Sociological Review, 38(2), 164–181. doi:10.2307/2094393
  • Kaye, B. K., & Johnson, T. J. (2002). Online and in the know: Uses and gratifications of the web for political information. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 46(1), 54–71. doi: 10.1207/s15506878jobem4601_4
  • Kim, S., & Rehder, B. (2009). Knowledge effect the selective attention in category learning: An eyetracking study. In N. Taatgen, H. van Rijn, L. Schomaker, & J. Nerbonne (Eds.), Proceedings of the 31st annual conference of the cognitive science society (pp. 230–235). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Knobloch-Westerwick, S., & Meng, J. (2009). Looking the other way selective exposure to attitude-consistent and counterattitudinal political information. Communication Research, 36(3), 426–448. doi: 10.1177/0093650209333030
  • Ko, H., Cho, C., & Robert, M. (2005). Internet uses and gratifications. Journal of Advertising, 34, 57–70. doi: 10.1080/00913367.2005.10639191
  • Konijn, E. A., & Hoorn, J. F. (2005). Some like it bad: Testing a model for perceiving and experiencing fictional characters. Media Psychology, 7(2), 107–144. doi:10.1207/S1532785XMEP0702_1
  • Konijn, E. A., Nije Bijvank, M., & Bushman, B. J. (2007). I wish I were a warrior: The role of wishful identification in the effects of violent video games on aggression in adolescent boys. Developmental Psychology, 43(4), 1038–1044. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.4.1038
  • Layman, G. C., Carsey, T. M., & Horowitz, J. M. (2006). Party polarization in American politics: Characteristics, causes, and consequences. Annual Review of Political Science, 9(1), 83–110. doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.9.070204.105138
  • Lendon, B. (2014, February 26, 2015). 35,000 walruses ‘haul out’ on Alaska beach. CNN. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/01/us/alaska-massive-walrus-gathering/
  • Leung, L., & Wei, R. (2000). More than just talk on the move: Uses and gratifications of the cellular phone. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(2), 308–320. doi: 10.1177/107769900007700206
  • Lewis, J. D., & Weigert, A. (1985). Trust as a social reality. Social Forces, 63(4), 967–985. doi:10.1093/sf/63.4.967
  • McCright, A., & Dunlap, R. (2011). The politicization of climate change and polarization in the American public's views of global warming, 2001–2010. The Sociological Quarterly, 52(2), 155–194. doi: 10.1111/j.1533-8525.2011.01198.x
  • McKelvey, R. D., & Zavoina, W. (1975). A statistical model for the analysis of ordinal level dependent variables. The Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 4(1), 103–120. doi:10.1080/0022250X.1975.9989847
  • Mishler, W., & Rose, R. (1997). Trust, distrust and skepticism: Popular evaluations of civil and political institutions in post-communist societies. Journal of Politics, 59, 418–451. doi: 10.1017/S0022381600053512
  • Nagler, R. H., Romantan, A., Kelly, B. J., Stevens, R. S., Gray, S. W., Hull, S. J., … Hornik, R. C. (2010). How do cancer patients navigate the public information environment? Understanding patterns and motivations for movement among information sources. Journal of Cancer Education, 25(3), 360–370. doi: 10.1007/s13187-010-0054-5
  • Nickerson, R. S. (1998). Confirmation bias: A ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises. Review of General Psychology, 2(2), 175–220. doi: 10.1037/1089-2680.2.2.175
  • Nisbet, M. C. (2009). Communicating climate change: Why frames matter for public engagement. Environment, 51(2), 12–23. doi: 10.3200/ENVT.51.2.12-23
  • Papacharissi, Z., & Mendelson, A. (2007). An exploratory study of reality appeal: Uses and gratifications of reality TV shows. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 51, 355–370. doi: 10.1080/08838150701307152
  • Payne, G. (1988). Uses and gratifications motives as indicators of magazine readership. Journalism Quarterly, 65(4), 909–913. doi: 10.1177/107769908806500411
  • PBS NewsHour. (2014, October 2). Largest number of walruses seen ashore in Alaska is sign of ‘tremendous change’. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/largest-number-walruses-seen-ashore-alaska-sign-tremendous-change/
  • Pew Research Center. (2014a). Political polarization and media habits. Washington, DC: Author.
  • Pew Research Center. (2014b). Political polarization in the American public. Washington, DC: Author.
  • Pew Research Center. (2015). Public and scientists’ views on science and society. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/01/29/public-and-scientists-views-on-science-and-society/
  • Poole, K. T. (2007). Changing minds? Not in Congress! Public Choice, 131(3–4), 435–451. doi:10.1007/s11127-006-9124-y
  • Qiu, L. (2014). Biggest walrus gathering recorded as sea ice shrinks. National Geographic. Retrieved from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/10/141002-walruses-climate-change-science-global-warming-animals-alaska/
  • Quinn, S. (2014, May 1). Lack of ice forces some 35,000 walruses to chill on Alaska shore. Retrieved from http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-climatechange-walruses-idUSKCN0HR05520141002
  • Raacke, J., & Bonds-Raacke, J. (2008). Myspace and facebook: Applying the uses and gratifications theory to exploring friend-networking sites. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 11(2), 169–174. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0056
  • Rubin, A. M. (2002). The uses-and-gratifications perspective of media effects. In J. Bryant & D. Zillman (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 525–548). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Ruggiero, T. E. (2000). Uses and gratifications theory in the 21st century. Mass Communication & Society, 3(1), 3–37. doi: 10.1207/S15327825MCS0301_02
  • Slater, M. D. (2004). Operationalizing and analyzing exposure: The foundation of media effects research. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 81(1), 168–183. doi: 10.1177/107769900408100112
  • Slater, M. D. (2007). Reinforcing spirals: The mutual influence of media selectivity and media effects and their impact on individual behavior and social identity. Communication Theory, 17, 281–303. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2007.00296.x
  • StataCorp. (2015). Stata: Release 14 statistical software. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP.
  • Stroud, N. (2008). Media use and political predispositions: Revisiting the concept of selective exposure. Political Behavior, 30(3), 341–366. doi:10.1007/s11109-007-9050-9
  • Stroud, N. (2010). Polarization and partisan selective exposure. Journal of Communication, 60(3), 556–576. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01497.x
  • Vizcarra, N. (2014, June 3). Sea ice tracking low in the north, high in the south. Arctic Sea Ice News & Analysis. Retrieved from http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2014/06/low-north-high-south/

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.