1,648
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Missing states? Somali trade networks and the Eastleigh transformation

&
Pages 334-352 | Received 01 Oct 2012, Accepted 01 Feb 2013, Published online: 15 Apr 2013

References

  • Abdikarim , Abdi Muhumed . “ City Council of Nairobi Stopped from Collecting Rates from Eastleigh Traders ,” June 18 , 2010 . http://english.alshahid.net/archives/7950 (accessed September 2012) .
  • Abdulsamed , F. Somali Investment in Kenya . Chatham House Briefing Paper, 2011. Available at: http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Research/Africa/bp0311_abdulsamed.pdf/ .
  • Africa Watch . Somalia: A Government at War with Its Own People, An Africa Watch Report . London : Africa Watch , 1990 .
  • Ahmad , A. 2012 . Agenda for Peace or Budget for War? Evaluating the Economic Impact of International Intervention in Somalia . International Journal , 67 ( 2 ) : 313 – 331 .
  • Ahmad , A. “ The Business of Islamism: A Rational Look at Political Islam in Somalia .” Belfer Center Newsletter . Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School , 2012 .
  • Ahmad , A. “ An Economic Explanation of State Failure and State Formation in the Modern Muslim World .” PhD diss ., Department of Political Science, McGill University , 2012 .
  • Bakonyi , J. , and Abdullahi , A. “ Somalia – No Central Government, But Still Functioning .” In Agriculture and Rural Development, 2006 . GTZ International Services, 2006. http://www.rural21.com/uploads/media/ELR_Somalia_0206.pdf/ .
  • Barise , H. 2001 . “ Money Rules in Mogadishu .” The UNESCO Courier, February 2001 , 21 – 23 .
  • Bradbury , M. 2008 . Becoming Somaliland , Bloomington : Indiana University Press .
  • Campbell , E. H. “ Formalizing the Informal Economy: Somali Refugee and Migrant Trade Networks in Nairobi .” Global Migration Perspectives 47 2005 . Report for the Global Commission on International Migration. http://www.migrationdevelopment.org/fileadmin/data/resources/general/research_papers/GMP_No47_01.pdf/.
  • Carrier , N. 2007 . Kenyan Khat: The Social Life of a Stimulant , Leiden : Brill .
  • Cassanelli , L. V. 2000 . “ Explaining the Somali Crisis ” . In The Struggle for Land in Southern Somalia: The War Behind the War , Edited by: Besteman , C. L. and Cassanelli , L. V. 13 – 26 . London : Haan .
  • Davidson , C. 2008 . Dubai: The Vulnerability of Success , London : Hurst .
  • Drysdale , J. 1994 . Whatever Happened to Somalia? , London : Haan .
  • Elliott , H. , and E. Lochery . “ Shifting Markets in the Northern Kenyan Borderlands: The Case of Western Donations and Dubai Duty Free .” Paper presented at British Institute in Eastern Africa Research Day, St Hugh's College , Oxford , UK , March 19 , 2011 .
  • Famine Early Warning Systems Network . Dobley Cross-Border Market Profile Report , 2011 . http://www.fews.net/docs/Publications/EA_Crossborder_Profile_Dobley.pdf/ .
  • Ghalib , J. M. 1993 . The Cost of Dictatorship: The Somali Experience , New York : L. Barber .
  • Goldsmith , P. “ The Somali Impact on Kenya, 1990–1993: The View from the Camps .” In Mending Rips in the Sky: Options for Somali Communities in the 21st Century , H. M. Adam and R. Ford , 461 – 484 . Lawrenceville : Red Sea Press , 1997 .
  • Hake , A. 1977 . African Metropolis: Nairobi's Self-Help City , New York : St Martin's .
  • Hart , K. 2010 . “ Informal Economy ” . In The Human Economy , Edited by: Hart , K. , Laville , L. and Cattani , A. D. 142 – 153 . Cambridge : Polity .
  • Horst , C. 2006 . Transnational Nomads: How Somalis Cope with Refugee Life in the Dadaab Camps of Kenya , Oxford : Berghahn .
  • Jamal , V. 1988 . Somalia: Understanding an Unconventional Economy . Development and Change , 19 ( 2 ) : 203 – 265 . doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7660.1988.tb00301.x
  • King , K. 1996 . Jua Kali Kenya: Change and Development in an Informal Economy , Oxford : James Currey .
  • Lindley , A. “ Leaving Mogadishu: The War on Terror and Displacement Dynamics in the Somali Regions .” MICROCON Research Working Paper No. 15, 2009. http://www.microconflict.eu/publications/RWP15_AL.pdf/ .
  • Lindley , A. 2010 . The Early Morning Phonecall: Somali Refugees’ Remittances , Oxford : Berghahn .
  • Little , P. D. 2003 . Somalia: Economy Without State , Oxford : James Currey .
  • Lochery , E. 2012 . Rendering Difference Visible: The Kenyan State and its Somali citizens . African Affairs , 111 ( 445 ) : 615 – 639 . doi: 10.1093/afraf/ads059
  • Manger , L. 2010 . The Hadrami Diaspora: Community-Building on the Indian Ocean Rim , Oxford : Berghahn .
  • Marchal , R. A Survey of Mogadishu's Economy . European Commission/Somali Unit (Nairobi), 2002. http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/somalia/documents/more_info/mogadishu_economic_survey_en.pdf/ .
  • Marchal , R. 2005 . “ Dubai: Global City and Transnational Hub ” . In Transnational Connections and the Arab Gulf , Edited by: Al-Rasheed , M. 93 – 110 . London : Routledge .
  • Marchal , R. Final Report on the Post Civil War Business Class . Report for the European Commission/Somalia Unit , 1996 .
  • Marchal , R. 2004 . “ Islamic Political Dynamics in the Somali Civil War ” . In Islamism and its Enemies in the Horn of Africa , Edited by: de Waal , A. 114 – 145 . London : Hurst .
  • Martin , L. “ L’émergence d'un marché semi-formel dans le quartier d'Eastleigh .” Les Cahiers d'Afrique de l'Est 10 ( 1998 ).
  • Mathews , G. 2011 . Ghetto at the Centre of the World: Chungking Mansions, Hong Kong , Chicago : Chicago University Press .
  • Meagher , K. “ Culture, Agency and Power: Theoretical Reflections on Informal Networks and Political Process .” DIIS Working Paper No. 2009:27, Markets for Peace? Copenhagen : Danish Institute for International Studies , 2009 .
  • Menkhaus , K. “ Kenya–Somalia Border Conflict Analysis .” USAID, 2005. http://www.somali-jna.org/downloads/Kenya-Somalia%20Menkhaus%20(2).pdf/ .
  • Menkhaus , K. “ Somalia: State Collapse and the Threat of Terrorism .” Adelphi Paper No. 364 . Oxford : Oxford University Press for the International Institute of Strategic Studies , 2004 .
  • Nurhussein , S. “ Global Networks, Fragmentation, and the Rise of Telecommunications in Stateless Somalia .” Master's diss ., Department of Geography, University of Oregon , 2008 .
  • Pliez , O. 2012 . “ Following the New Silk Road between Yiwu and Cairo ” . In Globalization from Below: The World's Other Economy , Edited by: Mathews , G. , Riberio , G. L. and Vega , C. A. 19 – 35 . London : Routledge .
  • Qassim , A. 2004 . “ The Collapse of the Somali Banking System ” . In Putting the Cart Before the Horse: Contested Nationalism and the Crisis of the Nation-State in Somalia , Edited by: Kusow , A. M. 185 – 186 . Trenton : Red Sea Press .
  • Reinikka , R. “ How to Identify Trade Liberalization Episodes: An Empirical Study on Kenya .” Working Paper No. 94-10 . Oxford : Centre for the Study of African Economies , 1994 . http://www.csae.ox.ac.uk/workingpapers/pdfs/9410text.pdf/ .
  • Reno , W. “ Somalia and Survival in the Shadow of the Global Economy .” QEH Working Paper Series . Oxford : Queen Elizabeth House , 2003 .
  • Tiilikainen , M. 2003 . Somali Women and Daily Islam in the Diaspora . Social Compass , 50 : 59 – 69 . doi: 10.1177/0037768603050001964

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.