The limits of publicity: Facebook and transformations of a public realm in Mombasa, Kenya

Bibliography

• Anderson, David M., and Jacob McKnight. “Kenya at War: Al-Shabaab and its Enemies in Eastern Africa.” African Affairs 114, no. 454 (2015): 1–27. doi: 10.1093/afraf/adu082
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arendt, Hannah. The Human Condition. London: University of Chicago Press, 1958.
   Google Scholar
• Arendt, Hannah. The Promise of Politics. New York: Random House, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Banégas, Richard, Florence Brisset-Foucault, and Armando Cutolo. “Espaces publics de la parole et pratiques de la citoyenneté en Afrique.” Politique Africaine 127 (2012): 5–20. doi: 10.3917/polaf.127.0005
   Google Scholar
• Barnett, Clive. “Media, Democracy and Representation: Disembodying the Public.” In Spaces of Democracy: Geographical Perspectives on Citizenship, Participation and Representation, edited by Clive and Murray Low, 185–206. London: Sage Publications, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Baym, Nancy K. Personal Connections in the Digital age. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• boyd, Danah M., and Kate Crawford. “Critical Questions for Big Data: Provocations for a Cultural, Technological, and Scholarly Phenomenon.” Information, Communication & Society 15, no. 5 (2012): 662–679. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2012.678878
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• boyd, Danah M., and Nicole Ellison. “Social Network Sites: Definition, History and Scholarship.” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 13, no. 1 (2007): 210–230. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Couldry, Nick. “What and where is the Transnationalized Public Sphere?” In Transnationalizing the Public Sphere, edited by Kate Nash, 43–59. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Cornell, Agnes, and Michelle D’Arcy. “Plus ça Change? County-Level Politics in Kenya After Devolution.” Journal of Eastern African Studies 8, no. 1 (2014): 173–191. doi: 10.1080/17531055.2013.869073
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crandall, Angela, Albert Otieno, Leonida Mutuku, Jessica Colaço, Jasper Grosskurth, and Peter Otieno. Mobile Phone Usage at the Kenyan Base of the Pyramid: Final Report. Nairobi, KE: iHub Research and Research Solutions Africa, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Dean, Jodi. “Communicative Capitalism: Circulation and the Foreclosure of Politics.” Cultural Politics: an International Journal 1, no. 1 (2005): 51–74. doi: 10.2752/174321905778054845
   Google Scholar
• Dean, Jodi. “Big Data: Accumulation and Enclosure.” Theory and Event 19, no. 3 (2016). Accessed November 12, 2018. http://muse.jhu.edu.
   Google Scholar
• Diepeveen, Stephanie. “Politics in Everyday Kenyan Street-Life: the People’s Parliament in Mombasa, Kenya.” Journal of Eastern African Studies 10, no. 2 (2016): 266–283. doi: 10.1080/17531055.2016.1187806
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser, Nancy. “Transnationalizing the Public Sphere: On the Legitimacy and Efficacy of Public Opinion in a Post-Westphalian World.” In Transnationalizing the Public Sphere, edited by Kate Nash, 8–42. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Gagliardone, Iginio. “New Media and the Developmental State in Ethiopia.” African Affairs 113, no. 451 (2014), 279–299. doi: 10.1093/afraf/adu017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horowitiz, Jonathan and MUHURI. ‘We’re Tired of Taking you to the Court’: Human Rights Abuses by Kenya’s Anti-Terrorism Police Unit. New York: Open Society Foundations, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Keith, Kim and Jean-Paul Van Belle. “The use of a Social Networking Site in the Facilitation of Internationalization in Higher Education.” Proceedings from IEEE fourth international conference on Big data and cloud computing, Sydney, Australia, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Kresse, Kai. “Philiosophising in Mombasa: Knowledge, Islam and Intellectual Practice on the Swahili Coast.” PhD diss., University of Edinburgh, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Lind, Jeremy, Patrick Mutahi and Marjoke Oosterom. “‘Killing a Mosquito with a Hammer’: Al-Shabaab Violence and State Security Responses in Kenya.” Peacebuilding 5, no. 2 (2017), 118–135. doi: 10.1080/21647259.2016.1277010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manganga, Kudakwashe. “The Internet as Public Sphere: A Zimbabwean Case Study (1999–2008).” Africa Development, 37, no. 1 (2012): 103–118.
   Google Scholar
• Marichal, Jose. Facebook Democracy: The Architect of Disclosure and the Threat to Public Life. Farnham, UK: Ashgate, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Moyo, Dumisani. “Alternative Media, Diasporas and the Mediation of the Zimbabwe Crisis.” Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies 28, no. 1-2 (2007): 81–105. doi: 10.1080/02560054.2007.9653360
   Google Scholar
• Moyo, Last. “Repression, Propaganda, and Digital Resistance: New Media and Democracy in Zimbabwe.” In African Media and the Digital Public Sphere, edited by Okoth Fred Mudhai, Wisdom J. Tetty, and Fackson Banda, 57–72. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Musila, Grace A. “The ‘Redykyulass Generation’s’ Intellectual Interventions in Kenyan Public Life.” Young 18, no. 3 (2010): 279–299. doi: 10.1177/110330881001800303
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mwakimako, Hassan, and Justin Willis. (2014). Islam, politics, and violence on the Kenyan Coast (4). Observatoire des enjeux politiques et sécuritaires dans la corne de l’Afrique Note. Retrieved from http://www.lam.sciencespobordeaux.fr/sites/lam/files/note4_observatoire.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Napoli, Philip M., and Jonathan A. Obar. “The Emerging Mobile Internet Underclass: A Critique of Mobile Internet Access.” The Information Society 30, no. 5 (2014): 323–334. doi: 10.1080/01972243.2014.944726
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyamnjoh, Francis B. Africa’s Media: Democracy and the Politics of Belonging. London, UK: Zed Books, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Obadare, Ebenezer. “Playing Politics with the Mobile Phone in Nigeria: Civil Society, big Business & the State.” Review of African Political Economy 33, no. 107 (2006): 93–111. doi: 10.1080/03056340600671340
   Google Scholar
• Obadare, Ebenezer. “The Uses of Ridicule: Humour, ‘Infrapolitics’ and Civil Society in Nigeria.” African Affairs 108, no. 431 (2009): 241–261. doi: 10.1093/afraf/adn086
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obijiofor, Levi. “New Technologies as Tools of Empowerment: African Youth and Public Sphere Participation.” In Popular Media, Democracy and Development in Africa, edited by Herman Wasserman, 207–219. New York: Routledge, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Ogola, George. “Popular Culture and Politics: Whispers and the ‘Dramaturgy of Power’ in Kenya.” Social Identities 11, no. 2 (2005): 147–160. doi: 10.1080/13504630500161581
   Google Scholar
• Ogola, George. “The Political Economy of the Media in Kenya: From Kenyatta’s Nation Building Press to Kibaki’s Local-Language FM Radio.” Africa Today 57, no. 3 (2011): 77–95. doi: 10.2979/africatoday.57.3.77
   Google Scholar
• Osborn, Michelle. “Fuelling the Flames: Rumour and Politics in Kibera.” Journal of Eastern African Studies 2, no. 2 (2008): 315–327. doi: 10.1080/17531050802094836
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owens, Patricia. “Not Life but the World is at Stake: Hannah Arendt on Citizenship in the age of the Social.” Citizenship Studies 16, no. 2 (2012): 297–307. doi: 10.1080/13621025.2012.667621
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prestholdt, Jeremy. “Kenya, the United States, and Counterterrorism.” Africa Today 57, no. 4 (2011): 2–27. doi: 10.2979/africatoday.57.4.3
   Google Scholar
• Stork, Christoph, Enrico Calandro, and Alison Gillwald. “Internet Going Mobile: Internet Access and use in 11 African Countries.” Info 15, no. 5 (2013): 34–51. doi: 10.1108/info-05-2013-0026
   Google Scholar
• Warner, Michael. “Publics and Counterpublics.” Public Culture 14, no. 1 (2002): 49–90. doi: 10.1215/08992363-14-1-49
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasserman, Herman. “Introduction: Taking it to the Streets.” In Popular Media, Democracy and Development in Africa, edited by Herman Wasserman, 1–16. New York: Routledge, 2011a.
   Google Scholar
• Wasserman, Herman. “Mobile Phones, Popular Media, and Everyday African Democracy: Transmissions and Transgressions.” Popular Communication 9, no. 2 (2011b): 146–158. doi: 10.1080/15405702.2011.562097
   Google Scholar
• Willems, Wendy. “Interrogating Public Sphere and Popular Culture as Theoretical Concepts on Their Value in African Studies.” Africa Development 37, no. 1 (2012): 11–26.
   Google Scholar
• Willis, Justin, and Chome, Ngala. “Marginalization and Political Participation on the Kenya Coast: The 2013 Elections.” Journal of Eastern African Studies 8, no. 1 (2014): 115–134. doi: 10.1080/17531055.2013.844443
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willis, Justin, and Gona, George. “Pwani c Kenya? Memory, Documents and Secessionist Politics in Coastal Kenya.” African Affairs 112, no. 446 (2013): 48–71. doi: 10.1093/afraf/ads064
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, Robert E., Samuel D. Gosling, and Lindsay T. Graham. “A Review of Facebook Research in the Social Sciences.” Perspectives on Psychological Science 7, no. 3 (2012): 203–220. doi: 10.1177/1745691612442904
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf, Thomas, Samuel Muthoka, and Margaret Ireri. Kenya Coast Survey: Development, Marginalization, Security and Participation. Nairobi, KE: Ipsos Public Affairs, October 2013.
   Google Scholar