5,794
Views
27
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The grey-green divide: multi-temporal analysis of greenness across 10,000 urban centres derived from the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL)

ORCID Icon, , , , , ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , & show all
Pages 101-118 | Received 27 Apr 2018, Accepted 24 Sep 2018, Published online: 25 Oct 2018

References

  • Brown, M. E., J. E. Pinzon, K. Didan, J. T. Morisette, and C. J. Tucker. 2006. “Evaluation of the Consistency of Long-Term NDVI Time Series Derived from AVHRR, SPOT-Vegetation, SeaWiFS, MODIS, and Landsat ETM+ Sensors.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 44 (7): 1787–1793. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2005.860205.
  • Chander, Gyanesh, Brian L. Markham, and Dennis L. Helder. 2009. “Summary of Current Radiometric Calibration Coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI Sensors.” Remote Sensing of Environment 113 (5): 893–903. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2009.01.007.
  • Chen, Wendy Y., and C. Y. Jim. 2008. “Assessment and Valuation of the Ecosystem Services Provided by Urban Forests.” In Ecology, Planning, and Management of Urban Forests, edited by Margaret M. Carreiro, Yong-Chang Song, and Jianguo Wu, 53–83. New York: Springer New York. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-71425-7_5.
  • Corbane, Christina, Martino Pesaresi, Panagiotis Politis, Vasileios Syrris, Aneta J. Florczyk, Pierre Soille, Luca Maffenini, et al. 2017. “Big Earth Data Analytics on Sentinel-1 and Landsat Imagery in Support to Global Human Settlements Mapping.” Big Earth Data 1 (1–2): 118–144. doi:10.1080/20964471.2017.1397899.
  • Dallimer, M., Z. Tang, P. R. Bibby, P. Brindley, K. J. Gaston, and Z. G. Davies. 2011. “Temporal Changes in Greenspace in a Highly Urbanized Region.” Biology Letters 7 (5): 763–766. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2011.0025.
  • Davies, Richard G., Olga Barbosa, Richard A. Fuller, Jamie Tratalos, Nicholas Burke, Daniel Lewis, Philip H. Warren, and Kevin J. Gaston. 2008. “City-Wide Relationships between Green Spaces, Urban Land Use and Topography.” Urban Ecosystems 11 (3): 269–287. doi:10.1007/s11252-008-0062-y.
  • Desnos, Y.-L., N. Coops, and T. Hermosilla. 2017. “Estimating Urban Vegetation Fraction Across 25 Cities in Pan-Pacific Using Landsat Time Series Data.” ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 126 (April): 11–23. doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.12.014.
  • Dijkstra, L., and H. Poelman. 2014. “A Harmonised Definition of Cities and Rural Areas: The New Degree of Urbanisation.” Working Papers. Regional Working Paper 2014. http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/information/publications/working-papers/2014/a-harmonised-definition-of-cities-and-rural-areas-the-new-degree-of-urbanisation.
  • Forkel, Matthias, Nuno Carvalhais, Jan Verbesselt, Miguel Mahecha, Christopher Neigh, and Markus Reichstein. 2013. “Trend Change Detection in NDVI Time Series: Effects of Inter-Annual Variability and Methodology.” Remote Sensing 5 (5): 2113–2144. doi:10.3390/rs5052113.
  • Freire, Sergio, Thomas Kemper, Martino Pesaresi, Aneta Floczyk, and Vasileios Syrris. 2015. “Combining {GHSL} and {GPW} to Improve Global Population Mapping.” Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), 2015 IEEE International.
  • Fuller, R. A., and K. J. Gaston. 2009. “The Scaling of Green Space Coverage in European Cities.” Biology Letters 5 (3): 352–355. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0010.
  • Gan, Muye, Jinsong Deng, Xinyu Zheng, Yang Hong, and Ke Wang. 2014. “Monitoring Urban Greenness Dynamics Using Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis.” Edited by Clinton N. Jenkins. PLoS ONE 9 (11): e112202. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112202.
  • Gober, Patricia. 2010. “Desert Urbanization and the Challenges of Water Sustainability.” Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2 (3): 144–150. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2010.06.006.
  • Gorelick, Noel, Matt Hancher, Mike Dixon, Simon Ilyushchenko, David Thau, and Rebecca Moore. 2017. “Google Earth Engine: Planetary-Scale Geospatial Analysis for Everyone.” Remote Sensing of Environment 202: 18–27. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.031.
  • Gutman, G., C. Huang, G. Chander, P. Noojipady, and J. G. Masek. 2013. “Assessment of the NASA-USGS Global Land Survey (GLS) Datasets.” Remote Sensing of Environment 134: 249–265. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2013.02.026
  • Huang, Conghong, Jun Yang, Hui Lu, Huabing Huang, and Le Yu. 2017. “Green Spaces as an Indicator of Urban Health: Evaluating Its Changes in 28 Mega-Cities.” Remote Sensing 9 (12): 1266. doi:10.3390/rs9121266.
  • Hussein, Shwan O., Ferenc Kovács, and Zalán Tobak. 2017. “Spatiotemporal Assessment of Vegetation Indices and Land Cover for Erbil City and Its Surrounding Using Modis Imageries.” Journal of Environmental Geography 10 (1–2): 31–39. doi:10.1515/jengeo-2017-0004.
  • Ju, Junchang, and Jeffrey G. Masek. 2016. “The Vegetation Greenness Trend in Canada and US Alaska from 1984–2012 Landsat Data.” Remote Sensing of Environment 176 (April): 1–16. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2016.01.001.
  • Kogan, Felix, and Wei Guo. 2015. “2006–2015 Mega-Drought in the Western USA and Its Monitoring from Space Data.” Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk 6 (8): 651–668. doi:10.1080/19475705.2015.1079265.
  • Kumagai, K. 2008. “Analysis of Vegetation Distribution in Urban Areas: Spatial Analysis Approach on a Regional Scale.” International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences – ISPRS Archives 37: 101–106. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85012207175&partnerID=40&md5=f9dfa79ea54fa7a62c165ebd14d3f8be.
  • Landry, Shawn M., and Jayajit Chakraborty. 2009. “Street Trees and Equity: Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of an Urban Amenity.” Environment and Planning A 41 (11): 2651–2670. doi:10.1068/a41236.
  • Leal Filho, Walter, Leyre Echevarria Icaza, Victoria Emanche, and Abul Quasem Al-Amin. 2017. “An Evidence-Based Review of Impacts, Strategies and Tools to Mitigate Urban Heat Islands.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14 (12): 1600. doi:10.3390/ijerph14121600.
  • Lee, Andrew, Hannah Jordan, and Jason Horsley. 2015. “Value of Urban Green Spaces in Promoting Healthy Living and Wellbeing: Prospects for Planning.” Risk Management and Healthcare Policy 8 (August): 131–137. doi:10.2147/RMHP.S61654.
  • Lu, Yuhao, Nicholas C. Coops, and Txomin Hermosilla. 2016. “Regional Assessment of Pan-Pacific Urban Environments Over 25 Years Using Annual Gap Free Landsat Data.” International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 50 (August): 198–210. doi:10.1016/j.jag.2016.03.013.
  • Markham, Brian L., and Dennis L. Helder. 2012. “Forty-Year Calibrated Record of Earth-Reflected Radiance from Landsat: A Review.” Remote Sensing of Environment 122: 30–40. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2011.06.026
  • Melchiorri, M., A. Florczyk, S. Freire, M. Schiavina, M. Pesaresi, and T. Kemper. 2018. “Unveiling 25 Years of Planetary Urbanization with Remote Sensing: Perspectives from the Global Human Settlement Layer.” Remote Sensing 10 (5): 768. doi:10.3390/rs10050768.
  • Melchiorri, M., M. Pesaresi, Aneta J. Florczyk, C. Corbane, and T. Kemper. submitted. “Principles and Applications of the Global Human Settlement Layer as Baseline for the Land Use Efficiency Indicator –SDG 11.3.1.” International Journal of Geographical Information Science.
  • Myneni, R. B., F. G. Hall, P. J. Sellers, and A. L. Marshak. 1995. “The Interpretation of Spectral Vegetation Indexes.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 33 (2): 481–486. doi:10.1109/36.377948 doi: 10.1109/TGRS.1995.8746029
  • Pesaresi, M., D. Ehrlich, S. Ferri, A. Florczyk, Manuel Carneiro Freire Sergio, S. Halkia, Andreea Julea, T. Kemper, Pierre Soille, and Vasileios Syrris. 2016. Operating Procedure for the Production of the Global Human Settlement Layer from Landsat Data of the Epochs 1975, 1990, 2000, and 2014. Publications Office of the European Union. http://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/111111111/40182.
  • Pesaresi, M., D. Ehrlich, Aneta J. Florczyk, S. Freire, T. Kemper, A. Julea, P. Soille, and V. Syrris. 2016. GHS Built-up Grid, Derived from Landsat, Multitemporal (1975, 1990, 2000, 2014). (version R2015). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset]. PID. http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-ghsl-ghs_built_ldsmt_globe_r2015b.
  • Pesaresi, M., and S. Freire. 2016. GHS Settlement Grid, Following the REGIO Model 2014 in Application to GHSL Landsat and CIESIN GPW v4-Multitemporal (1975-1990-2000-2015). (version R2015). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) [Dataset]. PID. http://data.europa.eu/89h/jrc-ghsl-ghs_smod_pop_globe_r2016a.
  • Pesaresi, M., M. Melchiorri, A. Siragusa, and T. Kemper. 2016. Atlas of the Human Planet – Mapping Human Presence on Earth with the Global Human Settlement Layer. JRC103150. Publications Office of the European Union. Luxembourg: European Commission, DG JRC.
  • Pesaresi, M., V. Syrris, and A. Julea. 2016. “A New Method for Earth Observation Data Analytics Based on Symbolic Machine Learning.” Remote Sensing 8 (5): 399. doi:10.3390/rs8050399.
  • Roy, D., J. Ju, P. Lewis, C. Schaaf, F. Gao, M. Hansen, and E. Lindquist. 2008. “Multi-Temporal MODIS–Landsat Data Fusion for Relative Radiometric Normalization, Gap Filling, and Prediction of Landsat Data.” Remote Sensing of Environment 112 (6): 3112–3130. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2008.03.009.
  • Roy, D., V. Kovalskyy, H. K. Zhang, E. F. Vermote, L. Yan, S. S. Kumar, and A. Egorov. 2016. “Characterization of Landsat-7 to Landsat-8 Reflective Wavelength and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Continuity.” Remote Sensing of Environment 185 (November): 57–70. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2015.12.024.
  • Roy, D., M. Wulder, T. Loveland, C. Woodcock, M. Anderson, D. Helder, J. Irons, et al. 2014. “Landsat-8: Science and Product Vision for Terrestrial Global Change Research.” Remote Sensing of Environment 145 (April): 154–172. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2014.02.001.
  • Schut, Antonius G. T., Eva Ivits, Jacob G. Conijn, Ben ten Brink, and Rasmus Fensholt. 2015. “Trends in Global Vegetation Activity and Climatic Drivers Indicate a Decoupled Response to Climate Change.” Edited by Lucas C. R. Silva. PLOS ONE 10 (10): e0138013. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138013.
  • Seaquist, J. W., T. Hickler, L. Eklundh, J. Ardö, and B. W. Heumann. 2009. “Disentangling the Effects of Climate and People on Sahel Vegetation Dynamics.” Biogeosciences (Online) 6 (3): 469–477. doi:10.5194/bg-6-469-2009.
  • Searle, S. Y., M. H. Turnbull, N. T. Boelman, W. S. F. Schuster, D. Yakir, and K. L. Griffin. 2012. “Urban Environment of New York City Promotes Growth in Northern Red Oak Seedlings.” Tree Physiology 32 (4): 389–400. doi:10.1093/treephys/tps027.
  • Small, Christopher. 2003. “High Spatial Resolution Spectral Mixture Analysis of Urban Reflectance.” Remote Sensing of Environment 88 (1–2): 170–186. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2003.04.008.
  • Steven, Michael D., Timothy J. Malthus, Frédéric Baret, Hui Xu, and Mark J. Chopping. 2003. “Intercalibration of Vegetation Indices From Different Sensor Systems.” Remote Sensing of Environment 88 (4): 412–422. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2003.08.010.
  • Tan, Puay Yok, James Wang, and Angelia Sia. 2013. “Perspectives on Five Decades of the Urban Greening of Singapore.” Cities (London, England) 32 (June): 24–32. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2013.02.001.
  • Townshend, J. R. G., and C. O. Justice. 1988. “Selecting the Spatial Resolution of Satellite Sensors Required for Global Monitoring of Land Transformations.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 9 (2): 187–236. doi:10.1080/01431168808954847.
  • United Nations. 2015. Sustainable Development Goals – United Nations. United Nations Sustainable Development. http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/.
  • Walsh, Christopher J., Tim D. Fletcher, and Matthew J. Burns. 2012. “Urban Stormwater Runoff: A New Class of Environmental Flow Problem.” Edited by Jack Anthony Gilbert. PLoS ONE 7 (9): e45814. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0045814.
  • Wen, Ming, Xingyou Zhang, Carmen D. Harris, James B. Holt, and Janet B. Croft. 2013. “Spatial Disparities in the Distribution of Parks and Green Spaces in the USA.” Annals of Behavioral Medicine 45 (S1): 18–27. doi:10.1007/s12160-012-9426-x.
  • Wentz, Elizabeth, Sharolyn Anderson, Michail Fragkias, Maik Netzband, Victor Mesev, Soe Myint, Dale Quattrochi, Atiqur Rahman, and Karen Seto. 2014. “Supporting Global Environmental Change Research: A Review of Trends and Knowledge Gaps in Urban Remote Sensing.” Remote Sensing 6 (5): 3879–3905. doi:10.3390/rs6053879.
  • Woodcock, C. E., R. Allen, M. Anderson, A. Belward, R. Bindschadler, W. Cohen, F. Gao, et al. 2008. “Free Access to Landsat Imagery.” Science 320 (5879): 1011a–1011a. doi:10.1126/science.320.5879.1011a.
  • Yang, Jun, Conghong Huang, Zhiyong Zhang, and Le Wang. 2014. “The Temporal Trend of Urban Green Coverage in Major Chinese Cities between 1990 and 2010.” Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 13 (1): 19–27. doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2013.10.002.
  • Yuan, Jiangye. 2017. “Learning Building Extraction in Aerial Scenes with Convolutional Networks.” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 1–1. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2017.2750680.
  • Zhang, Xiaoyang. 2005. “Monitoring the Response of Vegetation Phenology to Precipitation in Africa by Coupling MODIS and TRMM Instruments.” Journal of Geophysical Research 110 (D12). doi:10.1029/2004JD005263.
  • Zhao, Juanjuan, Shengbin Chen, Bo Jiang, Yin Ren, Hua Wang, Jonathan Vause, and Haidong Yu. 2013. “Temporal Trend of Green Space Coverage in China and Its Relationship with Urbanization Over the Last Two Decades.” Science of The Total Environment 442 (January): 455–465. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.014.
  • Zhou, Xiaolu, and Yi-Chen Wang. 2011. “Spatial–Temporal Dynamics of Urban Green Space in Response to Rapid Urbanization and Greening Policies.” Landscape and Urban Planning 100 (3): 268–277. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.12.013.
  • Zhou, Decheng, Shuqing Zhao, Shuguang Liu, and Liangxia Zhang. 2014. “Spatiotemporal Trends of Terrestrial Vegetation Activity Along the Urban Development Intensity Gradient in China’s 32 Major Cities.” Science of The Total Environment 488–489 (August): 136–145. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.080.
  • Zhu, Z., S. Piao, R. Myneni, M. Huang, Z. Zeng, J. Canadell, P. Ciais, et al. 2016. “Greening of the Earth and Its Drivers.” Nature Climate Change 6 (8): 791–795. doi:10.1038/nclimate3004.
  • Zhu, Pengyu, and Yaoqi Zhang. 2008. “Demand for Urban Forests in United States Cities.” Landscape and Urban Planning 84 (3–4): 293–300. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.09.005.