2,668
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

How ‘terrorism’ does not end: the case of the Official Irish Republican Army

Pages 359-376 | Received 26 Oct 2007, Published online: 18 Mar 2009

References

  • Alexander , Y. and Pluchinsky , D. 1992 . Europe's red terrorists: the fighting communist organizations , London : Frank Cass .
  • Eochair , An . . An Eochair/Official Republican Movement (ORM), a splinter group of The Workers' Party . Author's interview with three anonymous members of the organisation . Belfast, UK. 21 June ,
  • BBC News, 2007. Northern Ireland election overview. London: BBC http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/vote2007/nielection/html/main.stm (Accessed: 27 May 2008 ).
  • BBC News, n.d. On This Day – Video and audio from the BBC News archive WWII and 1950–2005. May 30. London: BBC http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/30/newsid_2973000/2973759.stm (Accessed: 7 October 2007 ).
  • BBC Spotlight Programme . 1991 . Sticking to their guns , Belfast : Linen Hall Library . 27 June
  • Bergen , P. 2002 . Holy War, Inc.: inside the secret world of Osama Bin Laden , London : Phoenix .
  • Black , C. 2005 . 7-7: The London bombs. What went wrong? , London : Gibson Square .
  • Bowyer Bell , J. 1993 . The Irish troubles: a generation of violence 1967–1992 , Dublin : Gill & Macmillan .
  • Byman , D. 2008 . The five front war: the better way to fight global jihad , New Jersey, Hoboken : Wiley .
  • CAIN Web Service, 1996–2008. A chronology of the conflict 1972. Conflict Archive on the Internet http://www.cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch72.htm (Accessed: 7 October 2007 ).
  • Clarke , L. and Johnson , K. 2001 . Martin McGuinness: from guns to government , Edinburgh : Mainstream .
  • Coogan , T. P. 1995 . The IRA , London : HarperCollins .
  • Cronin , A. K. 2006 . How Al-Qaeda ends: the decline and demise of terrorist groups . International Security , 31 ( 1 ) : 7 – 48 .
  • Culbert , M. . Former Provisional IRA member, senior An Coiste (ex prisoners' association) member . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 16 March ,
  • De Baroid , C. 2000 . Ballymurphy and the Irish war , London : Pluto .
  • Dershowitz , A. 2002 . Why terrorism works: understanding the threat, responding to the challenge , London : Yale University Press .
  • Dobson , C. and Payne , R. 1979 . The weapons of terror: international terrorism at work , London : Macmillan .
  • Donnelly , F. . Former elected representative of the Republican Clubs . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 21 May ,
  • Dunphy , R. . Former member of The Workers' Party . Email correspondence with the author . 27 April ,
  • Dunphy , R. and Hopkins , S. 1992 . The organizational and political evolution of The Workers' Party of Ireland . Journal of Communist Studies , 8 ( 3 ) : 91 – 118 .
  • Electionsireland.org, 1998–2008. General Election of Wednesday 25 November 1992. Electionsireland.org http://www.electionsireland.org/results/general/27dail.cfm (Accessed: 7 October 2007 ).
  • English , R. 2003 . Armed struggle: the history of the IRA , London : Macmillan .
  • Garland , S. . President of The Workers' Party . Interview with the author . Dublin, Ireland. 28 June ,
  • Gearty , C. 1991 . Terror , London : Faber & Faber .
  • Graysmith , R. 1998 . Unabomber: a desire to kill , Berkley, CA : Crime Press .
  • Grey , S. 2006 . Ghost plane: the inside story of the CIA's secret rendition programme , London : Hurst .
  • Guitar, J., 2007. Stickies: the rise and fall of The Workers Party [internet blog]. Yourfriendinthenorth http://yourfriendinthenorth.blogspot.com/2007/05/stickies-rise-and-fall-of-workers-party.html (Accessed: 27 May 2008 ).
  • Gunaratna , R. 2002 . Inside Al Qaeda: global network of terror , London : Hurst .
  • Hanley , B. . Academic at the National University of Ireland, author of the forthcoming history of Official republicanism . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 22 February ,
  • Hennessey , T. 2007 . The evolution of the troubles 1970–1972 , Dublin : Irish Academic Press .
  • . Official IRA sticks to its guns . Hibernia . Hibernia , 25 September ,
  • Holland , J. and McDonald , H. 1994 . INLA – deadly divisions , Dublin : TORC .
  • Hussain , Z. 2007 . Frontline Pakistan: the struggle with militant Islam , London : I. B. Tauris .
  • 1971 . In the 70s the I.R.A. speaks , Dublin : Repsol .
  • 1973 . Internal official Republican document relating to structure of movement – groups ‘A’ & ‘B’ , Belfast : Linen Hall Library .
  • Jordan , H. . Interview with the author . Current affairs journalist, author of a range of books on the conflict in Northern Ireland , 1 June , Belfast, , UK
  • Kassimeris , G. 2000 . Europe's last red terrorists: the revolutionary organisation 17 November , London : Hurst .
  • Kelleher , D. 2001 . Irish republicanism: the authentic perspective. Through truth to enlightened action, peace and Irish unity , Greystones : Justice Books .
  • Laqueur , W. 2003 . No end to war: terrorism in the twenty first century , London : Continuum .
  • Lardlaw , G. 1988 . “ State responses to international terrorism: some cautionary comments. In ” . In Current perspectives on international terrorism , Edited by: Slate , R. and Stohl , M. London : Macmillan, 206–46 .
  • Lenin , V. I. 1978 . What is to be done? Burning questions of our movement , Moscow : Progress .
  • Levitt , M. 2006 . Hamas: politics, charity, and terrorism in the service of jihad , London : Yale University Press .
  • Lowry , J. . General Secretary of The Workers' Party . Interview with the author . February 22 , Belfast, UK.
  • Lowry , J. . General Secretary of The Workers' Party . Interview with the author . May 17 , Belfast, UK.
  • Lukacs , G. 1972 . “ Tactics and ethics. In ” . In Political writings, 1919–1929: the question of parliamentarianism and other essays , Edited by: Livingstone , R. 3 – 12 . London : NLB .
  • Lynch , S. . Former Vice-President of The Workers' Party . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 1 June ,
  • Lynch , S. . Former Vice-President of The Workers' Party . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 11 December ,
  • MacStiofain , S. 1975 . Memoirs of a revolutionary , Edinburgh : R&R Clark .
  • McCann , E. 1974 . War and an Irish town , Harmondsworth : Penguin .
  • McDonald , H. . Irish correspondent for The Guardian and The Observer, former member of the Official republican youth wing . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 4 December ,
  • McKittrick , D. 2007 . Lost lives: the stories of men, women and children who died as a result of the Northern Ireland troubles , Edinburgh : Mainstream .
  • McMahon , M. . Former member of the Political Committee of The Workers' Party . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 21 May ,
  • Moloney , E. 1990 . Fears of a WP and SF feud surface after Belfast shots . The Irish Times , 28 August
  • Morrison , D. . Former Provisional IRA member, former Sinn Fein Director of Communications, currently a writer and a political commentator . Interview with the author . June 4 2007 , Belfast, UK.
  • Northern Ireland Elections, 1998–2008. Who won what when and where? Access Research Knowledge Northern Ireland http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/ (Accessed: 27 May 2008 ).
  • O'Callaghan , S. 1998 . The informer , London : Bantam .
  • O'Doherty , S. 1993 . The volunteer , London : Fount .
  • O'Hagan , D. . Former Director of Education of The Workers' Party . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 23 January ,
  • O'Rawe , R. . Former Provisional IRA member, author of Blanketmen . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 28 May ,
  • O'Reilly , S. 1992 . Did the leadership of the OIRA set Joe McCann up to be killed? . The Irish News , 13 March
  • Patterson , H. 1997 . The politics of illusion: a political history of the IRA , London : Serif .
  • Patterson , H. . Former member of the Executive Committee of The Workers' Party . Interview with the author . Belfast, UK. 26 January ,
  • Rapoport , D. 2004 . “ The four waves of modern terrorism ” . In Attacking terrorism: elements of a grand strategy , Edited by: Cronin , A. K . 46 – 74 . Washington, DC : Georgetown University Press .
  • . Republican Education Department for the Commission set up by the 1968 Ard Fheis (Annual Conference) of the Sinn Fein . Ireland today and some questions on the way forward . Belfast : Linen Hall Library .
  • . Feud erupts, sticks refuse mediation . Republican News . Republican News , 30 July ,
  • Reynolds , P. and Boyle , F. 1987 . War of words follows killing of ‘informer’ . The Irish News , 25 June
  • Richardson , L. 2006 . What terrorists want: understanding the terrorist threat , London : John Murray .
  • Ricks , T. E. 2007 . FIASCO: the American military adventure in Iraq , London : Penguin .
  • Sageman , M. 2008 . Leaderless jihad: terror networks in the twenty-first century , Philadelphia, PA : University of Pennsylvania Press .
  • Scheuer , M. 2005 . “ Imperialna pycha. Dlaczego Zachód przegrywa wojnę z terrorem? Polish edition of ” . In Imperial hubris: why the West is losing the war on terror , Warsaw : Akces .
  • Sennott , Ch. M. 2008 . The general's knowledge . The Sunday Times Magazine , 29 June : 14 – 22 .
  • Stevenson , J. 1996 . ‘We wrecked the place’: contemplating an end to the Northern Irish troubles , New York, NY : Free Press .
  • Swan, S., 2007. Official Irish republicanism: 1962–1972. Lulu.com
  • Taylor , P. 1998 . Provos: the IRA and Sinn Fein , London : Bloomsbury .
  • Taylor , P. 1999 . Loyalists , London : Bloomsbury .
  • . I.R.A. rivals responsible for shooting? . The Irish Press . The Irish Press , 30 May ,
  • . Two injured in IRA gun feuds . The Irish Press . The Irish Press , 2 May ,
  • . Sinn Fein breaks all links with Official IRA . The Irish Press . The Irish Press , 8 August ,
  • . Official IRA split leads to fears of feud . The Sunday Tribune . The Sunday Tribune , 24 August ,
  • Trofimov , Y. 2007 . The siege of Mecca: the forgotten uprising , London : Allen Lane .
  • . IRA units in defence . United Irishman . United Irishman , 5 October ,
  • United States Institute of Peace, 1999. How terrorism ends. Washington DC: United States Institute of Peace http://www.usip.org/pubs/specialreports/sr990525.pdf (Accessed: 21 November 2007 ).
  • Whittaker , D. 2004 . Terrorists and terrorism in the contemporary world , London : Routledge .
  • Wilkinson , P. 1987 . “ Pathways out of terrorism for democratic societies. In ” . In Contemporary research on terrorism , Edited by: Wilkinson , P. and Stewart , A. 453 – 466 . Aberdeen : Aberdeen University Press .
  • Woodworth , P. 2002 . Dirty war, clean hands: ETA, the GAL and Spanish democracy , London : Yale Nota Bene .
  • WorldbyStorm, 2007. Slouching towards state power … Sinn Féin, the Green Party and the ‘left’ vote … or how a broader Irish left may just take shape [internet blog]. The Cedar Lounge Revolution http://cedarlounge.wordpress.com/2007/03/06/moving-towards-recognitionor-how-a-broader-left-may-just-take-shape/ (Accessed: 25 May 2008 ).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.