References
- Armitage, A. 2007. Mutual Research Designs: Redefining Mixed Methods Research Design, Paper Presented at the British Educational Research Association Annual Conference. London: Institute of Education, University of London.
- Atkinson, R. 2003. “Domestication by Cappuccino or a Revenge on Urban Space? Control and Empowerment in the Management of Public Spaces.” Urban Studies 40 (9): 1829–1843.10.1080/0042098032000106627
- Aurigi, A. 2005. Making the Digital City. London, Ashgate: The Early Shaping of Urban Internet Space.
- Banerjee, T. 2001. “The Future of Public Space: Beyond Invented Streets and Reinvented Places.” APA Journal 67 (1): 9–24.
- Beck, U. 1992. Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. London: Sage.
- Bentley, I. 1999. Urban Transformations: Power, People and Urban Design. London: Abingdon, Routledge.
- Blakely, E. J ,and M. GSnyder. (1997). Fortress America: Gated Communities in the United States. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, & Cambridge, Massachusetts, Lincoln Institute of Land policy.
- Boddy, T. 1992. “Underground and Overhead: Building the Analogous City.” In Variations on a Theme Park, edited by SorkinM, 123–153. New York, NY: Noonday Press.
- Boyer, M. 1993. “The City of Illusion: New York’s Public Places.” In The Restless Urban Landscape, edited by P. Knox. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
- Boyer, C. 1994. The City of Collective Memory: Its Historical Imagery and Architectural Entertainments. Cambridge Mass: MIT Press.
- Buchanan, P. 1988. “What City? A Plea for Place in the Public Realm” Architectural Review 1101: 31–41.
- CABE (Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment). 2007. Living with Risk: Promoting Better Public Space Design. London: CABE.
- Carmona, M. 2001. Housing Design Quality, Through Policy, Guidance and Review. London: Spon Press.
- Carmona, M. 2009. “The Isle of Dogs: Four Waves, Twelve Plans, 35 Years, and a Renaissance … of Sorts.” Progress in Planning 71 (3): 87–151.10.1016/j.progress.2008.10.001
- Carmona, M. 2010a. “Contemporary Public Space: Part One, Critique.” Journal of Urban Design 15 (1): 123–148.10.1080/13574800903435651
- Carmona, M. 2010b. “Contemporary Public Space: Part Two, Classification.” Journal of Urban Design 15 (2): 157–173.10.1080/13574801003638111
- Carmona, M. 2012. “The London Way: The Politics of London’s Strategic Design.” Architectural Design 82 (1): 36–43.10.1002/ad.v82.1
- Carmona, M. 2014 “The Place-Shaping Continuum, A Theory of Urban Design Process”, Journal of Urban Design 19 (1): 2–36.
- Carmona, M., and F. Wunderlich. 2012. Capital Spaces, the Multiple Complex Public Spaces of a Global City. London: Routledge.
- Carmona, M., T. Heath, T. Oc, and S. Tiesdell. 2003. Public Places Urban Spaces, the Dimensions of Urban Design. Oxford: Architectural Press.
- Carmona, M., C. de Magalhaes, and L. Hammond. 2008. Public Space, the Management Dimension. London: Routledge.
- Castells, M. 1996. The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Chatterton, P., and R. Hollands. 2002. “Theorising Urban Playscapes: Producing, Regulating and Consuming Youthful Nightlife City Spaces.” Urban Studies 39: 95–116.
- Colomb, C. 2007. “Unpacking New Labour’s ‘Urban Renaissance’ Agenda: Towards a Socially Sustainable Reurbanization of British Cities?” Planning Practice and Research 22 (1): 1–24.10.1080/02697450701455249
- Corbett, N. 2004. Transforming Cities, Revival in the Square. London: RIBA.
- Crang, M. 1998. Cultural Geography. Abingdon: Routledge.
- Creswell, J., and A. Garrett. 2008. “The ‘Movement’ of Mixed Methods Research and the Role of Educators.” South African Journal of Education 28: 321–333.
- Creswell, J., and V. Piano Clark. 2006. Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage Publications.
- Davies, M. 1992. City of Quartz. New York: Vantage.
- Davies, Llewelyn. 2000. Urban Design Compendium. London: English Partnerships/Housing Corporation.
- Duany, A., E. Plater-Zyberk, and J. Speck. 2000. Suburban Nation: The Rise of Sprawl and the Decline of the American Dream. New York: North Point Press.
- Ellickson, A. 1996.“Controlling Chronic Misconduct in City Spaces: Of Panhandlers, Skid Rows and Public-Space Zoning.” Yale Law Journal 105, March, 1172.
- Ellin, N. 1996. Postmodern Urbanism. Oxford: Blackwells.
- Ellin, N. 1999. Postmodern Urbanism. Revised ed. Oxford: Blackwells.
- Engwicht, D. 1999. Street Reclaiming, Creating Liveable Streets and Vibrant Communities. British Columbia: New Society Publishers.
- Fainstein, S. 2001. The City Builders: Property Development in New York and London, 1980–2000. 2nd ed. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
- Fainstein, S., and D. Gladstone. 1997. “Tourism and Urban Transformation: Interpretations of Urban tourism.” In Shaping London the Patterns and Forms that Make the Metropolis, edited byO. Källtorp, I. Elander, O. Ericsson and T. Farrell. Chichester: Wiley.
- Farrell, T. 2010. Shaping London, the Patterns and Forms that Make the Metropolis. Chichester: Wiley.
- Ford, L. 2000. The Spaces between Buildings. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press.
- Franzén, ed. 2010. Cities in Transformation - Transformation in Cities: Social and Symbolic Change of Urban Space, 119–135. Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Fyfe, N., ed. 1998. Images of the Street, Planning, Identity and Control in Public Space. London: Routledge.
- Garreau, J. 1991. Edge City: Life on the New Frontier. London: Doubleday.
- Gehl Architects. 2004. Towards a Fine City for People, Public Spaces and Public Life – London 2004. Copenhagen: Gehl Architects.
- Gehl, J. 1996. Life Between Buildings: Using Public Space. 3rd ed. Skiv: Arkitektens Forlag.
- Gehl, J., and L. Gemozoe. 2000. New City Spaces. Copenhagen: The Danish Architectural Press.
- Goheen, P. 1998. “Public Space and the Geography of the Modern City.” Progress in Human Geography 22 (4): 479–496.10.1191/030913298672729084
- Goldsteen, J. B., and C. D. Elliott. 1994. Designing America: Creating Urban Identity. New York: Reinhold.
- Graham, S., and S. Marvin. 1999. “Planning Cybercities? Integrating Telecommunications into Urban Planning?” Town Planning Review 70 (1): 89–114.
- Graham, S., and S. Marvin. 2001. Splintering Urbanism: Networked Infrastructures, Technological Mobilities and the Urban Condition. Abingdon: Routledge.10.4324/9780203452202
- Groat, L., and D. Wang. 2002. Architectural Research Methods, New York, John Wiley & Sons.
- Gunder, M. 2011. “Commentary: Is Urban Design Still Urban Planning? An Exploration and Response.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 31 (2): 184–195.10.1177/0739456X10393358
- Hajer, M., and A. Reijndorp. 2001. In Search of New Public Domain. Rotterdam: NAI Publishers.
- Hall, P., and R. Imrie. 1999. “Architectural Practices and Disabling Design in the Built Environment.” Environment & Planning B: Planning & Design 26: 409–425.
- Heathcote, E. 2007. “What’s So Good about British Architecture?.” FT.com, 31 August, http://wiki.epfl.ch/lapa-studio/documents/0708_LON/ft_whats_so_good_about_uk.pdf.
- Hebbert, M. 1998. London, More by Fortune than Design, Chichester, John Wiley & Sons.
- Hill, D. 2000. Urban Policy and Politics in Britain. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
- Hubbard, P. 1996. “Urban Design and City Regeneration: Social Representations of Entrepreneurial Landscapes.” Urban Studies 33 (8): 1441–1462.10.1080/0042098966745
- Imrie, R., and P. Hall. 2001. Inclusive Design: Designing and Developing Accessible Environments. London: Spon Press.
- Imrie, R., L. Lees, and M. Raco. 2009. “London’s Regeneration.” In Regenerating London, Governance, Sustainability and Community in a Global City, edited by R. Imrie, L. Lees and M. Raco. London: Routledge.
- Jackson, P. 1998. “Domesticating the Street: The Contested Spaces of the High Street and the Mall.” In Images of the Street: Planning, Identity, and Control in Public Space, edited by N. R. Fyfe, 176–191. London: Routledge.
- Jacobs, J. 1961. The Death and Life of Great American Cities: The Failure of Modern Town Planning. 1984th ed. London: Peregrine Books.
- Johns, R. 2001. “Skateboard City.” Landscape Design 303: 42–44.
- Kayden, J. S. 2000. Privately Owned Public Space: The New York Experience, London, John Wiley & Sons
- Kilian, T. 1998. “Public and Private, Power and Space.” In Philosophy and Geography II: The Production of Public Space, edited by A. Light and J. M. Smith, 115–134. Lanham Md: Rowman & Littlefield.
- Kohn, M. 2004. Brave New Neighbourhoods. London, Routledge: The Privatization of Public Space.
- Lang, J. 1994. Urban Design: The American Experience. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
- Lawrence, H. 1993. “The Greening of the Squares of London: Transformation of Urban Landscapes and Ideals.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 83 (1): 90–118.10.1111/j.1467-8306.1993.tb01924.x
- Lees, L. H. 1994. “Urban Public Space and Imagined Communities in the 1980s and 90s.” Journal of Urban History 20 (4): 443–465.10.1177/009614429402000401
- Lefebvre, H. 1991. The Production of Space. London: Basil Blackwell.
- Light, A., and J. M. Smith, eds. 1998. Philosophy and Geography II: The Production of Public Space, Lanham Md, Rowman & Littlefield.
- Lofland, L. 1998. The Public Realm Exploring the City’s Quintessential Social Territoryr. New York: De Gruyte.
- Loukaitou-Sideris, A. 1996. “Cracks in the City: Addressing the Constraints and Potentials of Urban Design.” Journal of Urban Design 1 (1): 91–103.10.1080/13574809608724372
- Loukaitou-Sideris, A., and T. Banerjee. 1998. Urban Design Downtown: Poetics and Politics of Form. Berkeley CA: University of California Press.
- Low, S., and N. Smith, eds. 2006. The Politics of Public Space, London: Routledge.
- Lynch, K., and S. Carr. 1991. “Open Space: Freedom and Control.” In City Sense and City Design: Writings and Projects of Kevin Lynch, edited by T. Banerjee and M. Southworth, 413–417. Cambridge Mass.: MIT Press.
- Malone, K. 2002. “Street Life: Youth.” Culture and Competing Uses of Public Space, Environment and Urbanization 14 (2): 157–168.
- Mandanipour, A. 2003. Public and Private Spaces of the City. London: Routledge.
- Mattson, K. 1999. “Reclaiming and Remaking Public Space: Towards an Architecture for American Democracy.” National Civic Renewal 88 (2): 133–144.10.1002/(ISSN)1542-7811
- Merrifield, A. 1996. “Public Space: Integration and Exclusion in Urban Life.” City 1 (5): 57–72.10.1080/13604819608713459
- Miethe, T. 1995. “Fear and Withdrawal from Urban Life”, Annals AAPSS, No.539, May, 14–27.10.1177/0002716295539001002
- Minton, A. 2006. What Kind of World are We Building? The Privatisation of Public Space London,: RICS.
- Minton, A. 2009. Ground Control, Fear and Happiness in the Twenty-first Century City. London: Penguin Books.
- Mitchell, D. 1995. “The End of Public Space?” People’s Park, Definitions of the Public and democracy’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, No 85: 108–133.
- Murphy, C. 2001. Customised Quarantine, 22–24. July-August: Atlantic Monthly.
- Nemeth, J., and Schmidt. 2011. “The Privatization of Public Space: Modelling and Measuring Publicness.” Environment & Planning B: Planning & Design 38: 5–23.
- New Economics Foundation. 2004. Clone Town Britain, The Loss of Local Identity on the Nation’s High Streets. London: New Economics Foundation.
- Oc, T., and S. Tiesdell. 1997. Safer City Centres: Reviving the Public Realm. London: Paul Chapman.
- Oldenburg, R. 1999. The Great Good Place: Cafes, Coffee Shops, Bookstores, Bars, Hair Salons and the Other Hangouts at the Heart of a Community (Second Edition), New York, Marlowe & Company.
- Punter, J. 2010. “Reflecting on Urban Design Achievements in a Decade of Urban Renaissance.” In Urban Design and the British Urban Renaissance, edited by J. Punter. London: Routledge.
- Rasmussen, S. 1948. London, The Unique City. London: Jonathan Cape.
- Rittel, H., and M. Webber. 1973. “Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning.” Policy Sciences 4: 155–169.10.1007/BF01405730
- Roberts, M. and C, Turner. 2005. “Conflicts of Liveability in the 24-Hour City: Learning from 48 Hours in the Life of London’s Soho”, Journal of Urban ‘Design, Vol. 10, No. 2, 171–193.10.1080/13574800500086931
- Rogers, R. 1992. “London: A Call to Action.” In New London, edited by R. Rogers and M. Fisher. London: Penguin Books.
- Rogers, R. 2005. London’s Urban Renaissance in Hunt J [Ed] London’s Environment. London: Imperial College Press.
- Sassen, S. 1994. Cities in a World Economy. Thousand Oaks CA: Pine Forge Press.
- Sennett, R. 1977. The Fall of Public Man, London, Faber & Faber.
- Sennett, R. 1990. The Conscience of the Eye, The Design and Social Life of Cities. New York: Alfred Knopf.
- Sircus, J. 2001. “Invented Places.” Prospect, Vol. 81, Sept/Oct, 30–35.
- Smyth, H. 1994. Marketing the City: The Role of Flagship Developments in Urban Regeneration, London, E & FN Spon.
- Sorkin, M., ed. 1992. Variations on a Theme Park: The New American City and the End of Public Space, New York: Hill and Wang.
- Tibbalds, F. 2001. Making People Friendly Towns: Improving the Public Environment in Towns and Cities. 2nd ed. London: Spon Press.
- Trancik, R. 1986. Finding Lost Space: Theories of Urban Design. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
- Webster, C. 2001. “Gated Cities of Tomorrow.” Town Planning Review 72 (2): 149–170.
- Welsh, B., and D. Farrington. 2002. Crime Prevention Effects of Closed Circuit Television: A Systematic Review. London: Home Office.
- Whyte, W. H. 1980. The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces. Washington, DC: Conservation Foundation.
- Whyte, W. H. 1988. City: Rediscovering the Center. New York: Doubleday.
- Wilson, E. 1995. “The Rhetoric of Urban Space”, New Left Review, 209
- Worpole, K. 1999. “Open All Hours, Like it or Not”, New Statesman, 26th April. pp. xxvi–xxvii.
- Worpole, K., and K. Knox. 2007. The Social Value of Public Spaces. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
- Yang, D. 2006. Waterfronts: Spatial Composition and Cultural Use. London: Unpublished PhD thesis, UCL.
- Yin, R. 1994. Case Study Research: Design and Methods. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage Publications.
- Zukin, S. 1995. The Cultures of Cities, Cambridge Mass, Blackwell http://www.20splentyforus.org.uk/.