The effect of L1 orthography on the oral reading of adult English language learners

REFERENCES

• Bear , D. R. , Templeton , S. , Helman , L. and Baren , T. 2004 . “ Orthographic development and learning to read in different languages ” . In English learners: Reaching the highest level of literacy , Edited by: Garcia , G. G. 71 – 95 . Barksdale , DE : International Reading Association .
   Google Scholar
• Benczik , V. 2001 . Language, writing, literature: A communication theory approach (Unpublished doctoral dissertation) . University of Kansas, Lawrence .
   Google Scholar
• Bernhardt , E. B. 2005 . Progress and procrastination in second language reading . Annual Review of Applied Linguistics , 25 : 133 – 150 .
   Google Scholar
• Blachowicz , C. Z. , Sullivan , D. M. and Cieply , C. 2001 . Fluency snapshots: A quick screening tool for your classroom . Reading Psychology , 22 : 95 – 109 .
   Google Scholar
• Cervetti , G. , Jaynes , C. , & Pearson , P. D. 2002 . Fluency: Its nature and impact . Paper presented at the meeting of the national reading council convention (NRC) , San Diego , CA .
   Google Scholar
• Deno , S. L. 1985 . Curriculum-based measurement: The emerging alternative . Exceptional Children , 52 : 219 – 232 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deno , S. L. , Marston , D. , Shinn , M. and Tindal , G. 1983 . Oral reading fluency: A simple datum for scaling reading disability . Topics in Learning and Learning Disabilities , 2 : 53 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Deno , S. L. , Mirkin , P. K. and Chiang , B. 1982 . Identifying valid measures of reading . Exceptional Children , 49 : 36 – 45 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dymock , S. 1993 . Reading but not understanding . Journal of Reading , 37 ( 2 ) : 86 – 91 .
   Google Scholar
• Ellis , N. C. , Natsume , M. , Stavropoulou , K. , Hoxhallari , L. , Van Dall , V. H. P. Polyzoe , N. 2004 . The effects of orthographic depth on learning to read alphabetic, syllabic and logographic scripts . Reading Research Quarterly , 39 : 438 – 468 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espin , C. A. and Deno , S. L. 1993 . Performance in reading from content area text as an indicator of achievement . Remedial and Special Education , 14 : 47 – 59 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espin , C. A. and Foegen , A. 1996 . Validity of general outcome measures for predicting secondary students' performance on content-area tasks . Exceptional Children , 62 ( 6 ) : 497 – 514 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fry , E. B. 1977 . Fry's readability graph: Clarification, validity, and extension to Level 17 . Journal of Reading , 21 : 278 – 288 .
   Google Scholar
• Fuchs , L. S. and Deno , S. L. 1992 . Effects of curriculum within curriculum-based measurement . Exceptional Children , 58 : 232 – 242 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuchs , L. S. , Fuchs , D. , Hosp , M. and Jenkins , J. R. 2001 . Oral reading fluency as an indicator of reading competence: A theoretical, empirical, and historical analysis . Scientific Studies of Reading , 5 ( 3 ) : 239 – 256 .
   Google Scholar
• Fuchs , L. S. , Fuchs , D. and Maxwell , L. 1988 . The validity of informal reading comprehension measures . Remedial and Special Education , 9 ( 2 ) : 20 – 29 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gough , P. B. and Tunmer , W. E. 1986 . Decoding, reading, and reading disability . Remedial and Special Education , 7 ( 1 ) : 6 – 10 .
   Google Scholar
• Greenfield , G. 1999 . Classic readability formulas for EFL: Are they valid for Japanese speakers? (Unpublished doctoral dissertation) . Temple University, Philadelphia .
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton , C. and Shinn , M. R. 2000 . Characteristics of word callers: An investigation of the accuracy of teachers’ judgments of reading comprehension and oral reading skills , Eugene , OR : University of Oregon .
   Google Scholar
• Heyer , S. 2000 . Even more true stories: An intermediate reader , 2nd ed. , White Plains , NY : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Hiebert , E. H. and Fisher , C. W. 2006 . “ Fluency from the first: What works with first graders ” . In Fluency instruction: Research-based best practices , Edited by: Rasinski , T. , Blachowicz , C. and Lems , K. 279 – 294 . New York , NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jacob , J. 2002 . Identifying the relationship between readability and vocabulary . Paper presented at the meeting of the teachers of English to speakers of other languages . Salt Lake City , UT .
   Google Scholar
• Katz , L. and Frost , R. 1992 . “ The reading process is different for different orthographies: The orthographic depth hypothesis ” . In Orthography, phonology, morphology, and meaning , Edited by: Frost , R. and Katz , L. 240 – 256 . Amsterdam : Elsevier North Holland Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kuhn , M. R. , & Stahl , S. A. 2000 . CIERA Report #2-008. Fluency: A review of developmental and remedial practices . Washington , DC : US Department of Education . Retrieved 15 November 2011 from http://www.ciera.org/library/reports/inquiry-2/2-008/2-008.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Lems , K. 2005 . “ A study of adult ESL oral reading fluency and silent reading comprehension ” . In 54th yearbook of the national reading conference , Edited by: Maloch , E. , Hoffman , J. V. , Schallert , D. L. , Fairbanks , C. M. and Worthy , J. 240 – 56 . Oak Creek , WI : National Reading Conference Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Lems K. Personal communication Classes taught at National Louis University ( 2011 )
   Google Scholar
• Lems , K. , Miller , L. D. and Soro , T. M. 2010 . Teaching reading to English language learners: Insights from linguistics , New York : Guilford .
   Google Scholar
• Li , L. 2002 . The role of phonology in reading Chinese single characters and two-character words with high, medium and low phonological regularities by Chinese grade 2 and grade 5 students . Reading Research Quarterly , 37 : 372 – 374 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markell , M. A. and Deno , S. L. 1997 . Effects of increasing oral reading: Generalization across reading tasks . The Journal of Special Education , 31 : 233 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pang , E. , & Kamil , M. 2003 . Cross-linguistic transfer of reading skills in bilingual children . Paper presented at the meeting of the American association of applied linguistics (AAAL) . Arlington , VA .
   Google Scholar
• Paulesu , E. , McCrory , E. , Fazio , F. , Menoncello , L. , Brunswick , N. Cappa , S. F. 2000 . A cultural effect on brain function . Nature Neuroscience , 3 ( 1 ) : 91 – 96 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasinski , T. V. 1990 . Investigating measures of reading fluency . Educational Research Quarterly , 14 ( 3 ) : 37 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Shankweiler , D. , Lundquist , E. , Katz , L. , Stuebing , K. K. , Fletcher , J. M. Brady , S. 1999 . Comprehension and decoding: Patterns of association in children with reading difficulties . Scientific Studies of Reading , 3 ( 1 ) : 69 – 94 .
   Google Scholar
• Shinn , M. R. , Knutson , N. , Good , R. H. , Tilly , W. D. and Collins , V. 1992 . Curriculum-based measurement of oral reading fluency: A confirmatory analysis of its relation to reading . School Psychology Review , 21 : 459 – 79 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar