An experimental investigation on laminar burning velocity of castor bio-diesel blended with gas oil

References

• Sims REH, Mabee W, Saddler JN, et al. An overview of second generation bio-fuel technologies. Bioresource Tech. 2010;101:1570–1580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sequera D, Agrawal AK, Spear SK, et al. Combustion performance of liquid biofuels in a swirl-stabilized burner. J Eng Gas Turb Power. 2008;130:32810.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirbas A. Progress and recent trends in biofuels. Progr Energy Combust Sci. 2007;33:1–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupandin RV, Thamburaj R, Nikolayev A. Test results of the OGT2500 gas turbine engine running on alternative fuels: bio-oil, ethanol, biodiesel, and crude oil. ASME paper no. GT2005-68488; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Damstedt B, Pederson JM, Hansen D, et al. Biomass cofiring impacts on flame structure and emissions. Proc. Combust. Inst. 2007;31, 2813–2820.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knothe G, Razon LF. Biodiesel fuels. Progr Ener Combust Sci. 2017;58:36–59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radwan MS, Ismail MA, El-Feky SMS, et al. Jojoba methyl ester as a diesel fuel substitute: preparation and characterization. Appl Thermal Eng. 2007;21:314–322.
   Google Scholar
• Selim MYE, Radwan MS, Elfeky SMS. Combustion of jojoba methyl ester in an indirect injection diesel engine. Renew Ener. 2003;28:1401–1420.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abu-Elyazeed OSM. On the ignition delay of two types of castor oil bio-diesel using shock tube experiments. Fuel. 2015;144:157–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahim F. Determination of burning velocity for methane/oxidizer/diluent mixtures [PhD thesis]. Northeastern University; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Huzayyin AS, Moneib HA, Shehatta MS, et al. Laminar burning velocity and explosion index of LPG-air and propane-air mixtures. Fuel. 2008;87:39–57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis B, von Elbe G. Combustion, flames and explosions of gases. 3rd ed. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press; 1987.
   Google Scholar
• Meyer JCS, Gollahalli SR, Parthasarathy RN, et al. Laminar flame speed of soy and canola biofuels. Ciencia Tecnol Futuro. 2012;4:75–85.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chong CT, Hochgreb S. Measurements of laminar flame speeds of liquid fuels: jet-A1, diesel, palm methyl esters and blends using particle imaging velocimetry (PIV). Proc Combust Inst. 2011;33:979–986.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jerzembeck S, Glawe C, Keppner J, et al. Laminar burning velocities from schlieren and pressure history measurements. Presented at the 5th WSEAS International Conference on FLUID MECHANICS (FLUIDS'08), Acapulco, Mexico; 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Radwan MS, Ismail MA, Selim MY, et al. Laminar burning velocity of some coal derived fuels. Ener Sources. 2001;23:345–361.
   Google Scholar
• Wang YL, Feng Q, Egolfoupolos FN, et al. Studies of C4 and C 10 methyl ester flames. Combust Flame. 2011;158:1507–1519.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley D, Hicks RA, Lawes M, et al. The measurement of laminar burning velocities and Markstein numbers for isooctane-air and iso-octane-n-heptane-air mixtures at elevated temperatures and pressures in an explosion bomb. Combust Flame. 1998;115:126–144.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metghalchi M, Keck JC. Burning velocities of mixtures of air with methanol, isooctane, and indolene at high pressure and temperature. Combust Flame. 1982;48:191–210.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dirrenberger P, Glaude A, Bounaceur R, et al. Laminar burning velocity of gasolines with addition of ethanol. Fuel. 2014;115:162–169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gülder OL. Burning velocities of ethanol-isooctane blends. Combust Flame. 1984;56:261–268.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Lipzig JPJ, Nilsson EJK, de Goey LPH, et al. Laminar burning velocities of n-heptane, iso-octane, ethanol and their binary and tertiary mixtures. Fuel. 2011;90:2773–2781.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao SY, Jiang DM, Gao J, et al. Measurements of markstein numbers and laminar burning velocities for liquefied petroleum gas-air mixtures. Fuel. 2004;83:1281–1288.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrell JT, Johnston RJ, et al. Molecular structure effects on laminar burning velocities at elevated temperature and pressure. SAE Paper 2004-01-2936; 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Davis SG, Law CK. Determination of fuel structure effects on laminar flame speeds of C1 to C8 hydrocarbons. Combust Sci Tech. 1998;140:427–449.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian G, Daniel R, Li H, et al. Laminar burning velocities of 2,5-dimethylfuran compared with ethanol and gasoline. Energy Fuels. 2010;24:3898–3905.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aung KT, Tseng KK, Ismail MA, et al. Laminar burning velocities and markstein numbers of hydrocarbon/air flames. Comb Flame. 1995;102:526–530.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heywood JB. Internal combustion engine fundamentals. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1988.
   Google Scholar
• Levine R. Molecular reaction dynamics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Rutland C, Wang Y. Effects of temperature and equivalence ratio on the ignition of n-heptane fuel spray in turbulent flow. Proc Combust Inst. 2005;30:893–900.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warnatz J. Concentration, pressure and temperature dependence of the flame velocity in hydrogen-oxygen-nitrogen mixtures. Combust Sci Technol. 1981;26:203–213.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong Y, Vagelopoulos CM, Spedding GR, et al. Measurement of laminar flame speeds through digital particle image velocimetry: Mixtures of methane and ethane with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and helium. Presented at the 29th Internationl Symposium Comb; 2002. p. 1419–1426.
   Google Scholar
• Metghalchi M, Keck JC. Laminar burning velocity of propane-air mixtures at high temperature and pressure. Comb Flame. 1980;8;143–154.
   Google Scholar
• Metghalchi M, Keck JC. Burning velocities of mixtures of air with methanol, isooctane, and indolene at high pressure and temperature. Comb Flame. 1982;48:191–210.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar