Continuous methyl ester production with low frequency ultrasound clamps on a tubular reactor

References

• Tamilselvan P, Nallusamy N, Rajkumar S. A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2017;79:1134–1159.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caliskan H. Environmental and enviroeconomic researches on diesel engines with diesel and biodiesel fuels. J Clean Prod. 2017;154:125–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da Silva NDL, Garnica AGJ, Batistella CB, et al. Use of experimental design to investigate biodiesel production by multiple-stage ultra-shear reactor. Bioresour Technol. 2011;102(3):2672–2677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foutch GL, Johannes AH. Reactors in Process engineering: encyclopedia of physical science and technology. New York (NY): Academic Press; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Sungwornpatansakul P, Hiroi J, Nigahara Y, et al. Enhancement of biodiesel production reaction employing the static mixing. Fuel Process Technol. 2013;116:1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar G, Singh V, Kumar D. Ultrasonic-assisted continuous methanolysis of Jatropha curcas oil in the appearance of biodiesel used as an intermediate solvent. Ultrason Sonochem. 2017;39:384–391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KoohiKamali S, Tan CP, Ling TC. Optimization of sunflower oil transesterification process using sodium methoxide. Scientific World J. 2012;2012:1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Yin X, Ma H, You Q, et al. Comparison of four different enhancing methods for preparing biodiesel through transesterification of sunflower oil. Appl Energy. 2012;91(1):320–325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chuah LF, Klemeš JJ, Yusup S, et al. A review of cleaner intensification technologies in biodiesel production. J Clean Prod. 2017;146(10):181–193.
   Google Scholar
• Asif S, Chuah LF, Klemeš JJ, et al. Cleaner production of methyl ester from non-edible feedstock by ultrasonic-assisted cavitation system. J Clean Prod. 2017;161(10):1360–1373.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar G, Kumar D, Johari R. Time reducing process for biofuel production from nonedible oil assisted by ultrasonication. Ultrason Sonochem. 2014;21(5):1618–1623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hajinezhad A, Abedi S, Ghobadian B, et al. Biodiesel production from Norouzak (Salvia lerifolia) seeds as an indigenous source of bio fuel in Iran using ultrasound. Energ Convers Manage. 2015;99:132–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar D, Kumar G, Johari R, et al. Fast, easy ethanomethanolysis of Jatropha curcus oil for biodiesel production due to the better solubility of oil with ethanol in reaction mixture assisted by ultrasonication. Ultrason Sonochem. 2012;19(4):816–822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hingu SM, Gogate PR, Rathod VK. Synthesis of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using sonochemical reactors. Ultrason Sonochem. 2010;17(5):827–832.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cintas P, Mantegna S, Gaudino EC, et al. A new pilot flow reactor for high-intensity ultrasound irradiation. Application to the synthesis of biodiesel. Ultrason Sonochem. 2010;17(6):985–989.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thanh LT, Okitsu K, Sadanaga Y, et al. A two-step continuous ultrasound assisted production of biodiesel fuel from waste cooking oils: a practical and economical approach to produce high quality biodiesel fuel. Bioresour Technol. 2010a;101(14):5394–5401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boffito DC, Mansi S, Leveque J-M, et al. Ultrafast biodiesel production using ultrasound in batch and continuous reactors. ACS Sustainable Chem Eng. 2013;1(11):1432–1439.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brasil AN, Oliveira LS, Franca AS. Circulation flow reactor with ultrasound irradiation for the transesterification of vegetable oils. Renew Energ. 2015;83:1059–1065.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao KS, Ramakrishna DA. Cost estimation analysis of biodiesel production from waste chicken fat. Int J Appl Eng Res. 2015;10(4):8863–8870.
   Google Scholar
• Somnuk K, Prasit, T, Prateepchaikul, G. Effects of mixing technologies on continuous methyl ester production: Comparison of using plug flow, static mixer, and ultrasound clamp. Energ Convers Manage. 2017;140:91–97.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choedkiatsakul I, Ngaosuwan K, Cravotto G, et al. Biodiesel production from palm oil using combined mechanical stirred and ultrasonic reactor. Ultrason Sonochem. 2014;21(4):1585–1591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stavarache C, Vinatoru M, Maeda Y, et al. Ultrasonically driven continuous process for vegetable oil transesterification. Ultrason Sonochem. 2007;14(4):413–417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thanh LT, Okitsu K, Sadanaga Y, et al. Ultrasound–assisted production of biodiesel fuel from vegetable oils in a small scale circulation. Bioresour Technol. 2010;101(2):639–645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avellaneda F, Salvadó J. Continuous transesterification of biodiesel in a helicoidal reactor using recycled oil. Fuel Process Technol. 2011;92(1):83–91.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delavari A, Halek F, Amini M. Continuous biodiesel production in a helicoidal reactor using ultrasound-assisted transesterification reaction of waste cooking oil. Clean Technol Environ Policy. 2014;17(1):273–279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mostafaei M, Ghobadian B, Barzegar M, et al. Optimization of ultrasonic assisted continuous production of biodiesel using response surface methodology. Ultrason Sonochem. 2015;27:54–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somnuk K, Smithmaitrie P, Prateepchaikul G. Two-stage continuous process of methyl ester from high free fatty acid mixed crude palm oil using static mixer coupled with high-intensity of ultrasound. Energy Convers Manage. 2013;75:302–310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gole VL, Gogate PR. Intensification of synthesis of biodiesel from nonedible oils using sonochemical reactors. Ind Eng Chem Res. 2012;51(37):11866–11874.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency [Internet]. Thailand: Ministry of Energy; 2018 [cited 2018 May 23]. Available from: http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2556/E/158/15.PDF/
   Google Scholar
• Sajjadi B, Raman AAA, Arandiyan H. A comprehensive review on properties of edible and non-edible vegetable oil-based biodiesel: composition, specifications and prediction models. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2016;63:62–92.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musa IA. The effects of alcohol to oil molar ratios and the type of alcohol on biodiesel production using transesterification process. Egypt J Pet. 2016;25(1):21–31.
   Google Scholar
• Wang S, Yuan H, Wang Y, et al. Transesterification of vegetable oil on low cost and efficient meat and bone meal biochar catalysts. Energy Convers Manage. 2017;150:214–221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar