Is systematic screening and treatment for latent tuberculosis infection in HIV patients useful in a low endemic setting?

References

• Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/ Accessed 7/9/2015.
   Google Scholar
• Houben RMGJ, Glynn JR, Mallard K, Sichali L, Malema S, et al. HIV increases the risk of tuberculosis due to recent re-infection in individuals with latent infection. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010;14(7):909–915.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration. Impact of antiretroviral therapy on tuberculosis incidence among HIV-positive patients in high-income countries. CID. 2012;54:1364–1372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The antiretroviral therapy cohort collaboration, Girardi E, Sabin CA, Monforte d’Arminio A, et al. Incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in Europe and North America. CID. 2005;41(12):1772–1782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badri M, Wilson D, Wood R. Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on incidence of tuberculosis in South Africa: a cohort study. Lancet. 2002;359:2059–2064.10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08904-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sutha AB, Lawn SD, del Amo J, Amitabh BS, Getahun H, Dye C, Sculier D, et al. Antiretroviral therapy for prevention of tuberculosis in adults with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2012;9(7):e1001270. Available from: www.plosmedicine.org10.1371/journal.pmed.1001270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dembélé M, Saleri N, Carvalho AC, Saouadogo T, Hien AD, Zabsonre I, et al. Incidence of tuberculosis after HAART initiation in a cohort of HIV-positive patients in Burkina Faso. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010; 14(3):318–323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawn SD, Badri M, Wood R. Tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients receiving HAART: long term incidence and risk factors in a South African cohort. AIDS. 2005;19:2109–2116.10.1097/01.aids.0000194808.20035.c1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawn SD, Myer L, Edwards D, Bekker LG, Wood R. Short-term and long-term risk of tuberculosis associated with CD4 cell recovery during antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. AIDS. 2009;23:1717–1725.10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832d3b6d
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bucher HC, Griffith LE, Guyatt GH, Sudre P, Naef M, Sendi P, et al. Isoniazid prophylaxis for tuberculosis in HIV infection: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. AIDS. 1999;13(4):501–507.10.1097/00002030-199903110-00009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woldehanna S, Volmink J. Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson JL, Okwera A, Hom DL, Mayanja H, Kityo C, Nsubuga P, et al. Duration of efficacy of treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV – infected adults. AIDS. 2001;15:2137–2147.10.1097/00002030-200111090-00009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinson N, Barnes GL, Moulton LH, Msandiwa R, Hausler H, Ram M, et al. New regimens to prevent tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection. New England J Med. 2011;365(1):11–20.10.1056/NEJMoa1005136
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samandari T, Agizew TB, Nyirenda S, Tedla Z, Sibanda T, Shang N, et al. 6-month versus 36-month isoniazid preventive treatment for tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection in Botswana: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2011;377:1588–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houben RM, Crampin AC, Ndhlovu R, Sonnenberg P, Godfrey-Faussett P, Haas WH, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus associated tuberculosis more often due to recent infection than reactivation of latent infection. Int J tuberc disease. 2011;15(1):24–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karo B, Haas W, Kollan C, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer B, Hamouda O, Fiebig L, et al. Tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in the German ClinSurv HIV Cohort: long-term incidence and risk factor. BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14:S109.10.1186/1471-2334-14-148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pozniak AL, Coyne KM, Miller RF, Lipman MC, Freedman AR, Ormerod LP, et al. British HIV Association guidelines for the treatment of TB/HIV coinfection 2011. Br HIV Assoc HIV Med. 2011; 12:517–524. doi:10.1111/j.1468-1293.2011.00954.xr.
   Google Scholar
• EACS guidelines 2014 version 7.1. 2014, part 1–4. Publisher European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS).
   Google Scholar
• WHO policy on collaborative TB/HIV activities: guidelines for national programmes and other stakeholders. Geneva: WHO, Coordination Delphine Sculier and Haileyesus Getahun (Stop TB Department, WHO). 2012, 35
   Google Scholar
• New-nice-guideline-updates-recommendations-for-diagnosing-latent-tuberculosis. Available from: http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg117/resources/new-nice-guideline-updates-recommendations-for-diagnosing-latent-tuberculosis Accessed 14/9/2014.
   Google Scholar
• Panel on Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2014. Available from: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/lvguidelines/adult_oi.pdf Accessed 7/9/2014.
   Google Scholar
• Miller RF, Mahungu T, Young M, Mercey D, Morris-Jones S, Benn P. Comparison of two interferon-gamma release assays (QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and T-SPOT.TB) in screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among HIV-infected adults attending an inner London HIV clinic. Thorax. 2011;66(Suppl 4):A72–A73.10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054c.14
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ní Cheallaigh C, Fitzgerald I, Grace J, Singh GJ, El-Eraki N, Gibbons N, et al. Interferon gamma release assays for the diagnosis of latent TB infection in HIV-Infected Individuals in a low TB Burden Country. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leidl L, Mayanja-Kizza H, Sotgiu G, Baseke J, Ernst M, Hirsch C, et al. Relationship of immunodiagnostic assays for tuberculosis and numbers of circulating CD4+ T-cells in HIV infection. Eur Respir J. 2010;35:619–626.10.1183/09031936.00045509
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollock KM, Tam H, Grass L, Bowes S, Cooke GS, Pareek M, et al. Comparison of screening strategies to improve the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in the HIV-positive population: a cohort study. BMJ Open. 2012;2(2):e000762–e000762.10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000762
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee LM, Lobato MN, Buskin SE, Morse A, Costa S. Low adherence to guidelines for preventing TB among persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection, US. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006;10(2):209–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyndam-Thomas C, Schepers K, Dirix V, Mascart F, Van Vooren JP, Goffard JC. Implementation of latent tuberculosis screening in HIV care centres: evaluation in a low tuberculosis incidence setting. Epidemiol Infect. 2016;144(4):703–711.10.1017/S0950268815001594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cattamanchi A, Smith R, Steingart KR, Metcalfe JZ, Date A, Coleman C, et al. Interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010;14(7):909–915.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elzi L, Schlegel M, Weber R, Hirschel B, Cavassini M, Schmid P, the Swiss Cohort study, et al. Reducing tuberculosis incidence by tuberculin skin testing, preventive therapy and antiretroviral therapy in an area of low tuberculosis transmission. CID. 2007;44:94–102.10.1086/cid.2007.44.issue-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golub JE, Saraceni V, Cavalcante SC, Pacheco AG, Moulton LH, King BS. The impact of antiretroviral therapy and isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis incidence in HIV-infected patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AIDS. 2007;21:1441–1448.10.1097/QAD.0b013e328216f441
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pullar ND, Steinum H, Bruun JN, Ma Dyrhol-Riise A, et al. HIV patients with latent tuberculosis living in a low-endemic country do not develop active disease during a 2 year follow-up; a Norwegian prospective multicenter study. BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14(1):1–10. Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/14/667
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle JS, Bissessor M, Denholm JT, Ryan N, Fairley CK, Leslie DE. Latent Tuberculosis screening using interferon-gamma release assays in an Australian HIV-infected cohort: is routine testing worthwhile? J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;66(1):48–54.10.1097/QAI.0000000000000109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Available from: http://www.vrgt.be/tuberculose/documentatiecentrum/tuberculoseregisters Accessed 10/9/2015.
   Google Scholar
• Available from: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/Tuberculosis/epidemiological_data/Pages/tuberculosis-situation-2013.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• del Amo J, Moreno S, Bucher HC, Furrer H, Logan R, Sterne J. Impact of antiretroviral therapy on tuberculosis incidence among HIV-positive patients in high-income countries. CID. 2012;54:1364–1372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taarnhøj GA, Engsig FN, Ravn P, Johansen IS, Larsen CS, Røge B, et al. Incidence, risk factors and mortality of tuberculosis in Danish HIV patients 1995–2007. Pulm Med. 2011;11(26):2–7.
   Google Scholar
• Grant AD, Bansi L, Ainsworth J, Anderson J, Delpech V, Easterbrook P, et al. Tuberculosis among people with HIV infection in the United Kingdom: opportunities for prevention? AIDS. 2009;23(18):2507–2515.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kall MM, Coyne KM, Garrett NJ, Boyd AE, Ashcroft AT, Reeves I, et al. Latent and subclinical tuberculosis in HIV infected patients. BMC Infect Dis. 2012;12(7):1–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayele HT, van Mourik MS, Bonten MJ. Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis or death in persons with HIV: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15(1):447.10.1186/s12879-015-1089-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golub JE, Cohn S, Saraceni V, Cavalcante SC, Pacheco AG, Moulton LH, et al. Long-term protection from isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in a medium-burden tuberculosis setting: the TB/HIV in Rio (THRio) Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;60(4):639–645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmad Khan F, Verkuijl S, Parrish A, Chikwava F, Ntumy R, El-Sadr W, et al. Performance of symptom-based tuberculosis screening among people living with HIV: not as great as hoped. AIDS. 2014;28(10):1463–1472.10.1097/QAD.0000000000000278
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar