Enrichment tools for undocked heavy pigs: effects on body and gastric lesions and carcase and meat quality parameters

References

• Amory JR, Mackenzie AM, Pearce GP. 2006. Factors in the housing environment of finisher pigs associated with the development of gastric ulcers. Vet Rec. 158:260–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbieri S, Tremolada C, Cantafora A, Canali E, Gastaldo A, Borciani M, Iotti G. 2014. Use of manipulable material as environmental enrichment in the postweaning and fattening periods: what do Italian farmers do and think. Layman's Report AGER Filiera verde del suino. pp. 21–22. [accessed 2018 Mar 5]. http://agersuino.crpa.it/media/documents/agersuino_www/divulgazione/LRAger.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Beattie VE, O’Connell N, Moss BW, O’Connell NE, Moss BW. 2000. Influence of environmental enrichment on the behaviour, performance and meat quality of domestic pigs. Livest Prod Sci. 65:71–79.
   Google Scholar
• Bracke MBM. 2006. Expert opinion regarding environmental enrichment materials for pigs. Anim Welf. 15:67–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [CIE] Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage. 1976. Colorimetry. Publ. n. 15, Bureau Central de la CIE, Wien, Austria.
   Google Scholar
• Consortium for Parma Ham. 1992. Prosciutto di Parma (Parma Ham), Protected Designation of Origin. Specifications and Dossier. [accessed 2018 Mar 5]. http://www.prosciuttodiparma.com/pdf/en_UK/Specifications.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Di Martino G, Capello K, Scollo A, Gottardo F, Stefani AL, Rampin F, Schiavon E, Marangon S, Bonfanti L. 2013. Continuous straw provision reduces prevalence of oesophago-gastric ulcer in pigs slaughtered at 170 kg (heavy pigs). Res Vet Sci. 95:1271–1273.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2007. Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Animal Health and Welfare on a request from the Commission related to animal health and welfare in fattening pigs in relation to housing and husbandry. EFSA J. 5:564.
   Google Scholar
• EU Council Directive 2008/120/EC of 18 December 2008 laying down minimum standards for the protection of pigs. Official J European Union L47:5–13.
   Google Scholar
• Foury A, Lebret B, Chevillon P, Vautier A, Terlouw C, Mormede P. 2011. Alternative rearing systems in pigs: consequences on stress indicators at slaughter and meat quality. Animal. 5:1620–1625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friendship RM. 2004. Gastric ulceration in swine. J Swine Health Prod. 12:34–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hessing MJC, Geudeke MJ, Scheepens CJM, Tielen MJM, Schouten WGP, Wiepkema PR. 1992. Slijmvliesveranderingen in de pars oesophagea bij varkens: prevalentie en invloed van stress. Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde. 117:445–450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill JD, McGlone JJ, Fullwood SD, Miller MF. 1998. Environmental enrichment influences on pig behavior, performance and meat quality. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 57:51–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honikel KO. 1998. Reference methods for the assessment of physical characteristics of meat. Meat Sci. 49:447–457.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hothersal B, Whistance L, Zedlacher Z, Algers B, Andersson E, Bracke M, Courboulay V, Ferrari P, Leeb C, Mullan S, et al. 2016. Standardising the assessment of environmental enrichment and tail-docking legal requirements for finishing pigs in Europe. Anim Welf. 25:499–509.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klont RE, Hulsegge B, Gerritzen MA, Kurt E, De Jong IC, Kranen RW. 2001. Relationships between behavioral and meat quality characteristics of pigs raised under barren and enriched housing conditions. J Anim Sci. 79:2835–2843.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebret B, Meunier-Salaü MC, Foury A, Mormède P, Dransfield E, Dourmad JY. 2006. Influence of rearing conditions on performance, behavioral, and physiological responses of pigs to preslaughter handling, carcass traits, and meat quality. J Anim Sci. 84:2436–2447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melnichouk SI. 2002. Mortality associated with gastric ulceration in swine. Can Vet J. 43:223–225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moinard C, Mendl M, Nicol CJ, Green LE. 2003. A case control study of on-farm risk factors for tail biting in pigs. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 81:333–355.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nannoni E, Sardi L, Vitali M, Trevisi E, Ferrari A, Ferri ME, Bacci ML, Govoni N, Barbieri S, Martelli G. 2018. Enrichment devices for undocked heavy pigs: Effects on animal welfare, blood parameters and production traits. (submitted to Italian Journal of Animal Science). https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2018.1472531.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson ID, Accioly JM, Moore KM, Driesen SJ, Pethick DW, Hampson DJ. 2002. Risk factors for gastric ulcers in australian pigs at slaughter. Prev Vet Med. 53:293–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rocha LM, Velarde A, Dalmau A, Saucier L, Faucitano L. 2016. Can the monitoring of animal welfare parameters predict pork meat quality variation through the supply chain (from farm to slaughter)? J Anim Sci. 94:359–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scollo A, Contiero B, Gottardo F. 2016. Frequency of tail lesions and risk factors for tail biting in heavy pig production from weaning to 170 kg live weight. Vet J. 207:92–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Studnitz M, Jensen MB, Pedersen LJ. 2007. Why do pigs root and in what will they root? A review on the exploratory behaviour of pigs in relation to environmental enrichment. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 107:183–197.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor NR, Main DCJ, Mendl M, Edwards SA. 2010. Tail-biting: A new perspective. Vet J. 186:137–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van de Weerd HA, Day JEL. 2009. A review of environmental enrichment for pigs housed in intensive housing systems. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 116:1–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Staaveren N, Teixeira DL, Hanlon A, Boyle LA. 2015. The effect of mixing entire male pigs prior to transport to slaughter on behaviour, welfare and carcass lesions. PLoS One. 10:e0122841.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welfare Quality®. 2009. Welfare Quality® assessment protocol for pigs (sow and piglets, growing and finishing pigs). Welfare Quality® Consortium, Lelystad, Netherlands. [accessed 2018 Mar 5]. http://www.welfarequalitynetwork.net/network/45848/7/0/40.
   Google Scholar