725
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

I Use All the Parts I’m Given”: A Qualitative Investigation of Trans Masculine and Nonbinary Individuals’ Use of Body during Sex

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 58-75 | Received 17 Jul 2020, Accepted 13 Nov 2020, Published online: 15 Dec 2020

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., Text Revision). American Psychiatric Association.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association.
  • Barker, M., Iantaffi, A., & Gupta, C. (2007). Kinky clients, kinky counselling? The challenges and potentials of BDSM. In: L. Moon (Ed.), Feeling queer or queer feelings: Radical approaches to counselling sex, sexualities and genders. Routledge.
  • Bartholomaeus, C., & Riggs, D. W. (2017). Transgender people and education. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Bauer, G. R., & Hammond, R. (2015). Toward a broader conceptualization of trans women’s sexual health. The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality, 24(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3138/cjhs.24.1-CO1
  • Benjamin, H. (1966). The transsexual phenomenon: A scientific report on transsexualism and sex conversion in the human male and female. The Julian Press Inc.
  • Blanchard, R. (1988). Nonhomosexual gender dysphoria. Journal of Sex Research, 24(1), 188–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224498809551410
  • Bouman, W. P., de Vries, A. L. C., & T’Sjoen, G. (2016). Gender dysphoria and gender incongruence: An evolving inter-disciplinary field. International Review of Psychiatry, 28(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.3109/09540261.2016.1125740
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019, April). Answers to frequently asked questions about thematic analysis. The University ofAuckland. https://cdn.auckland.ac.nz/assets/psych/about/our-research/documents/Answers%20to%20frequently%20asked%20questions%20about%20thematic%20analysis%20April%202019.pdf
  • Braun, V., Clarke, V., & Terry, G. (2014). Thematic analysis. In P. Rohleder & A. Lyons (Eds.), Qualitative research in clinical and health psychology. Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Bungener, S. L., Steensma, T. D., Cohen-Kettenis, P. T., & De Vries, A. L. (2017). Sexual and romantic experiences of transgender youth before gender-affirmative treatment. Pediatrics, 139(3), e20162283. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-2283
  • Byne, W., Karasic, D. H., Coleman, E., Eyler, A. E., Kidd, J. D., Meyer-Bahlburg, H. F., Pleak, R. R., & Pula, J. (2018). Gender dysphoria in adults: An overview and primer for psychiatrists. Transgender Health, 3(1), 57–70. https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2017.0053
  • Case, L. K., Brang, D., Landazuri, R., Viswanathan, P., & Ramachandran, V. S. (2017). Altered white matter and sensory response to bodily sensation in female-to-male transgender individuals. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46(5), 1223–1237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0850-z
  • Cerwenka, S., Nieder, T. O., Cohen-Kettenis, P., De Cuypere, G., Haraldsen, I. R. H., Kreukels, B. P., & Richter-Appelt, H. (2014). Sexual behavior of gender-dysphoric individuals before gender-confirming interventions: A European multicenter study. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 40(5), 457–471. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2013.772550
  • Chen, D., Hidalgo, M. A., Leibowitz, S., Leininger, J., Simons, L., Finlayson, C., & Garofalo, R. (2016). Multidisciplinary care for gender-diverse youth: A narrative review and unique model of gender-affirming care. Transgender Health, 1(1), 117–123. https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2016.0009
  • Christensen, B. S., Grønbaek, M., Pedersen, B. V., Graugaard, C., & Frisch, M. (2011). Associations of unhealthy lifestyle factors with lack of sexual experience and sexual dysfunctions in Denmark. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 8(7), 1903–1916. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02291.x
  • Cohn, T. J., Casazza, S. P., & Cottrell, E. M. (2018). The mental health of gender and sexual minority groups in context. In K. B. Smalley, J. C. Warren, & K. N. Barefoot (Eds.), LGBT health. Meeting the needs of gender and sexual minorities. Springer Publishing Company.
  • Davis, S. A., & Colton Meier, S. (2014). Effects of testosterone treatment and chest reconstruction surgery on mental health and sexuality in female-to-male transgender people. International Journal of Sexual Health, 26(2), 113–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2013.833152
  • De Cuypere, G., T’Sjoen, G., Beerten, R., Selvaggi, G., De Sutter, P., Hoebeke, P., Monstrey, S., Vansteenwegen, A., & Rubens, R. (2005). Sexual and physical health after sex reassignment surgery. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 34(6), 679–690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-005-7926-5
  • Donaghue, N., & Fallon, B. (2003). Gender-role self-stereotyping and the relationship between equity and satisfaction in close relationships. Sex Roles, 48(5–6), 217–230. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022869203900
  • Doorduin, T., & Van Berlo, W. (2014). Trans people’s experience of sexuality in the Netherlands: A pilot study. Journal of Homosexuality, 61(5), 654–672. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2014.865482
  • Döring, N., & Poeschl, S. (2020). Experiences with diverse sex toys among german heterosexual adults: Findings from a national online survey. The Journal of Sex Research, 57(7), 885–813. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2019.1578329
  • Dworkin, S. L., & O’Sullivan, L. (2005). Actual versus desired initiation patterns among a sample of college men: Tapping disjunctures within traditional male sexual scripts. Journal of Sex Research, 42(2), 150–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490509552268
  • Eisenberg, M. E., Gower, A. L., McMorris, B. J., Rider, G. N., Shea, G., & Coleman, E. (2017). Risk and protective factors in the lives of transgender/gender nonconforming adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 61(4), 521–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.04.014
  • Factor, R., & Rothblum, E. (2008). Exploring gender identity and community among three groups of transgender individuals in the United States: MTFs, FTMs, and genderqueers. Health Sociology Review, 17(3), 235–253. https://doi.org/10.5172/hesr.451.17.3.235
  • Fiani, C. N., & Han, H. J. (2019). Navigating identity: Experiences of binary and non-binary transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) adults. The International Journal of Transgenderism, 20(2–3), 181–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2018.1426074
  • Flick, U. (2014). An introduction to qualitative research. Sage.
  • Flynn, K. E., Lin, L., Bruner, D. W., Cyranowski, J. M., Hahn, E. A., Jeffery, D. D., Reese, J. B., Reeve, B. B., Shelby, R. A., & Weinfurt, K. P. (2016). Sexual satisfaction and the importance of sexual health to quality of life throughout the life course of US adults. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 13(11), 1642–1650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.08.011
  • Galupo, M. P., & Pulice-Farrow, L. (2020). Subjective ratings of gender dysphoria scales by transgender individuals. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 49(2), 479–488. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-019-01556-2
  • Galupo, M. P., Pulice-Farrow, L., Clements, Z. A., & Morris, E. R. (2019). “I love you as both and I love you as neither”: Romantic partners’ affirmations of nonbinary trans individuals. The International Journal of Transgenderism, 20(2–3), 315–327. https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2018.1496867
  • Harrison, J., Grant, J., & Herman, J. L. (2012). A gender not listed here: Genderqueers, gender rebels, and otherwise in the National Transgender Discrimination Survey. LGBTQ Public Policy Journal at the Harvard Kennedy School, 2(1), 13–24. https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/research/transgender-issues/a-gender-not-listed-here-genderqueers-gender-rebels-and-otherwise-in-the-national-transgender-discrimination-survey/
  • Hendricks, M. L., & Testa, R. J. (2012). A conceptual framework for clinical work with transgender and gender nonconforming clients: An adaptation of the minority stress model. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 43(5), 460–467. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029597
  • Hirsch, J. S., & Khan, S. (2020). Sexual citizens: A landmark study of sex, power, and assault on campus. WW Norton & Company.
  • Jones, B. A., Bouman, W. P., Haycraft, E., & Arcelus, J. (2019). Gender congruence and body satisfaction in nonbinary transgender people: A case control study. The International Journal of Transgenderism, 20(2–3), 263–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2018.1538840
  • Kattari, S. K., Atteberry-Ash, B., Walls, N. E., Rusow, J., Klemmer, C., & Kattari, L. (2019). Differential sexual behavior experiences of LGBT and transgender/nonbinary young people in Colorado. Youth & Society. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X19854783
  • Kattari, S. K., Walls, N. E., Atteberry-Ash, B., Klemmer, C., Rusow, J. A., & Kattari, L. (2019). Missing from the conversation: Sexual risk factors across young people by gender identity and sexual orientation. International Journal of Sexual Health, 31(4), 394–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2019.1667938
  • Kismödi, E., Corona, E., Maticka-Tyndale, E., Rubio-Aurioles, E., & Coleman, E. (2017). Sexual rights as human rights: A guide for the WAS declaration of sexual rights. International Journal of Sexual Health, 29(1), 1–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2017.1353865
  • Koehler, A., Eyssel, J., & Nieder, T. O. (2018). Genders and individual treatment progress in (non-)binary trans individuals. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 15(1), 102–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.11.007
  • Kuyper, L., & Wijsen, C. (2014). Gender identities and gender dysphoria in the Netherlands. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 43(2), 377–385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-013-0140-y
  • Lawrence, A. A. (2011). Autogynephilia: An underappreciated paraphilia. Advances in Psychosomatic Medicine, 31, 135–148. https://doi.org/10.1159/000328921
  • Lindley, L. M., Anzani, A., Prunas, A., & Galupo, M. P. (2020). Sexual fantasy across gender identity: a qualitative investigation of differences between cisgender and non-binary people’s imagery. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2020.1716966
  • Lindley, L. M., Anzani, A., & Galupo, M. P. (2020). What constitutes sexual dissatisfaction for trans masculine and non-binary individuals: A qualitative study. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 46(7), 612–629. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2020.1765924
  • Lindley, L. M., Nagoshi, J., Nagoshi, C., Hess, R., & Boscia, A. (2020). An eco-developmental framework on the intersectionality of gender and sexual identities in transgender individuals. Psychology & Sexuality. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2020.1713873
  • Liszewski, W., Peebles, J. K., Yeung, H., & Arron, S. (2018). Persons of nonbinary gender - Awareness, visibility, and health disparities. The New England Journal of Medicine, 379(25), 2391–2393. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1812005
  • Martin, T. K., Coolhart, D. (2019). “Because your dysphoria gets in the way of you…it affects everything.” The mental, physical, and relational aspects of navigating body dysphoria and sex for trans masculine people. Sexual and Relationship Therapy. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2019.1696459
  • Masters, N. T., Casey, E., Wells, E. A., & Morrison, D. M. (2013). Sexual scripts among young heterosexually active men and women: Continuity and change. Journal of Sex Research, 50(5), 409–420. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2012.661102
  • Matsuno, E., & Budge, S. L. (2017). Non-binary/genderqueer identities: A critical review of the literature. Current Sexual Health Reports, 9(3), 116–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11930-017-0111-8
  • McBride, K. R. (2019). Heterosexual women’s anal sex attitudes and motivations: A focus group study. Journal of Sex Research, 56(3), 367–377. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2017.1355437
  • Morhason-Bello, I. O., Kabakama, S., Baisley, K., Francis, S. C., & Watson-Jones, D. (2019). Reported oral and anal sex among adolescents and adults reporting heterosexual sex in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. Reproductive Health, 16(1), 48.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0722-9
  • Morrow, S. L. (2005). Quality and trustworthiness in qualitative research in counseling psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(2), 250–260. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.2.250
  • Multon, K. D. (2010). Interrater reliability. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (Vol. 2; pp. 626–628). Sage.
  • Nikkelen, S. W. C., & Kreukels, B. P. C. (2018). Sexual experiences in transgender people: The role of desire for gender-confirming interventions, psychological well-being, and body satisfaction. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 44(4), 370–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2017.1405303
  • Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1), 160940691773384. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847
  • Prunas, A. (2019). The pathologization of trans-sexuality: Historical roots and implications for sex counselling with transgender clients. Sexologies, 28(3), e54–e60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2019.06.002
  • Pulice-Farrow, L., Cusack, C. E., & Galupo, M. P. (2019). Certain parts of my body don’t belong to me: Trans individuals’ descriptions of body-specific gender dysphoria. Sexuality Research and Social Policy. Abvance online publication. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-019-00423-y
  • Ramachandran, V. S., & McGeoch, P. D. (2008). Phantom penises in transsexuals: Evidence of an innate gender specific body image in the brain. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 15, 5–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2007.02.024
  • Reisner, S. L., Gamarel, K. E., Dunham, E., Hopwood, R., & Hwahng, S. (2013). Female-to-male transmasculine adult health: A mixed-methods community-based needs assessment. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 19(5), 293–303. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390313500693
  • Rowniak, S., & Chesla, C. (2013). Coming out for a third time: Transmen, sexual orientation, and identity. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 42(3), 449–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-012-0036-2
  • Tufford, L., & Newman, P. (2012). Bracketing in qualitative research. Qualitative Social Work: Research and Practice, 11(1), 80–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473325010368316
  • Van Caenegem, E., Wierckx, K., Elaut, E., Buysse, A., Dewaele, A., Van Nieuwerburgh, F., De Cuypere, G., & T’Sjoen, G. (2015). Prevalence of gender nonconformity in Flanders, Belgium. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44(5), 1281–1287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0452-6
  • Woertman, L., & Van den Brink, F. (2012). Body image and female sexual functioning and behavior: A review. Journal of Sex Research, 49(2–3), 184–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2012.658586

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.