Soft Drink Vending Machines in Schools

References

• Strauss , R S and Pollack , H A . 2001 . Epidemic increase in childhood overweight, 1986–1998 . JAMA , 286 : 2845 – 2848 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Styne , D M . 2001 . Childhood and adolescent obesity – prevalence and significance . Pediatr Clin North Amer , 48 : 823 – 854 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition. 2003 . Prevention of pediatric overweight and obesity . Pediatrics , 112 : 424 – 430 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogden , C L , Flegal , K M , Carroll , M D and Johnson , C L . 2002 . Prevalence and trends in overweight among U.S. children and adolescents, 1999–2000 . JAMA , 288 : 1728 – 1732 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford , P B , Story , M , Wang , M C , Ritchie , L D and Sabry , Z I . 2001 . Ethnic issues in the epidemiology of childhood obesity . Pediatr Clin North Amer , 48 : 855 – 878 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo , S S and Chumlea , W C . 1999 . Tracking of body mass index in children in relation to overweight in adulthood . Am J Clin Nutr , 70 ( Suppl ) : 1455 – 1485 .
   Google Scholar
• Whitaker , R C , Wright , J A , Pepe , M S , Seidel , K D and Dietz , W H . 1997 . Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity . N Engl J Med , 337 : 869 – 873 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutin , B , Basch , C Shea , S . 1990 . Blood pressure, fitness, and fatness in 5- and 6-year old children . JAMA , 264 : 1123 – 1127 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shear , C L , Freedman , D S , Burke , G L , Harsha , D W and Berenson , G S . 1987 . Body fat patterning and blood pressure in children and young adults. The Bogalusa Heart Study . Hypertension , 9 : 236 – 244 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goran , M I , Ball , G DC and Cruz , M L . 2003 . Obesity and risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents . J Clin Endocrinol Metab , 88 : 1417 – 1427 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Libman , I M , Pietropaolo , M , Arslanian , S A , LaPorte , R E and Becker , D L . 2003 . Changing prevalence of overweight children and adolescents at onset of insulin-treated diabetes . Diabetes Care , 26 : 2871 – 2875 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman , D S , Dietz , W H , Srinivasan , S R and Berenson , G S . 1999 . The relation of overweight to cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescent: the Bogalusa Heart Study . Pediatrics , 103 : 1175 – 1182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein , L H , Wu , Y W , Paluck , R A , Ceruy , F J and Dorn , J P . 2000 . Asthma and maternal body mass index are related to pediatric body mass index and obesity: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey . Obes Res , 8 : 575 – 581 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dietz , W H , Gross , W L and Kirkpatrick , J A . 1982 . Blount disease (tibia vara): another skeletal disorder associated with childhood obesity . Pediatrics , 101 : 735 – 737 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , G and Dietz , W H . 2002 . Economic burden of obesity in youths aged 6 to 17 years: 1979– 1999 . Pediatrics , 109 ( 5 ) Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/109/5/e81
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwimmer , J B , Burwinkle , T M and Varni , J W . 2003 . Health-related quality of life of severely obese children and adolescents . JAMA , 289 : 1813 – 1819 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erickson , S J , Robinson , T N , Haydel , F and Killen , J D . 2000 . Are overweight children unhappy? Body mass index, depressive symptoms, and overweight concerns . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , 154 : 931 – 935 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strauss , R S . 2000 . Childhood obesity and self-esteem . Pediatrics , 105 ( 1 ) Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/105/1/e15. Accessed July 25, 2006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finkelstein , E A , Fiebelkorn , I C and Wang , G. 2004 . State-level estimates of annual medical expenditures attributable to obesity . Obes Res , 12 : 18 – 24 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacobson , M. 1998 . Liquid Candy: How Soft Drinks are Harming America’s Health Washington , D.C. : Center for Science and the Public Interest .
   Google Scholar
• Putnam , J J and Allshouse , J E . 1999 . Food Consumption, Prices, and Expenditures, 1970–97 Washington , D.C. : Food and Consumers Economics Division, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture .
   Google Scholar
• Nestle , M. 2000 . Soft drink “pouring rights”: marketing empty calories to children . Pub Health Rep , 115 : 308 – 319 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penn , C. 2005 . 2005 R & D survey: new drinks include a health benefit in ‘05 . Beverage Industry , 96 ( 1 ) : 44 46, 48, 50, 52, 54
   Google Scholar
• Committee on School Health. 2004 . American Academy of Pediatrics. Soft drinks in schools . Pediatrics , 113 : 152 – 154 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schlosser , E. 2002 . Fast Food Nation New York , NY : Harper Collins .
   Google Scholar
• Guthrie , J F and Morton , J F . 2000 . Food sources of added sweeteners in the diets of Americans . J Am Diet Assoc , 100 : 43 – 51 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harnack , L , Stang , J and Story , M. 1999 . Soft drink consumption among U.S. children and adolescents: nutritional consequences . J Am Diet Assoc , 99 : 436 – 441 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bray , G A , Nielsen , S J and Popkin , B M . 2004 . Consumption of high-fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a role in the epidemic of obesity . Am J Clin Nutr , 79 : 537 – 543 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cullen , K W , Ash , D M , Warneke , C and de Moor , C. 2002 . Intake of soft drinks, fruit flavored beverages, and fruits and vegetables by children in grades 4 through6 . Am J Pub Health , 92 : 1475 – 1478 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giammattei , J , Blix , G , Marshak , H H , Wollitzer , A O and Pettitt , D J . 2003 . Television watching and soft drink consumption: associations with obesity in 11- to 13-year old school children . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , 157 : 882 – 886 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welsh , J A , Cogswell , M E , Rogers , S , Rockett , H , Mei , Z and Grummer-Straun , L M . 2005 . Overweight among low-income preschool children associated with the consumption of sweet drinks: Missouri, 1999–2002 . Pediatrics , 115 : e223 – e229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harnack , L , Stang , J and Story , M. 1999 . Soft drink consumption among U.S. children and adolescents: nutritional consequences . J Am Diet Assoc , 99 : 436 – 444 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berkey , C S , Rockett , H RH , Field , A E , Gillman , M W and Colditz , G A . 2004 . Sugar-added beverages and adolescent weight change . Obes Res , 12 : 778 – 788 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• James , J , Thomas , P , Cavan , D and Kerr , D. 2004 . Preventing childhood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: cluster randomized controlled trial . BMJ , 328 ( 7450 ) : 1237 – 1242 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowman , S A . 2002 . Beverage choices of young females: changes and impact on nutrient intakes . J Am Diet Assoc , 102 : 1234 – 1239 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandler , R , Slemenda , C LaPorte , R . 1985 . Post-menopausal bone density and milk con-sumption in childhood and adolescence . Am J Clin Nutr , 42 : 270 – 274 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matkovic , V , Kostial , K , Simonovic , I , Buzina , R , Brodarec , A and Nordin , B. 1979 . Bone status and fracture rates in two regions of Yugoslavia . Am J Clin Nutr , 32 : 540 – 549 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyshak , G. 2000 . Teenaged girls, carbonated beverage consumption, and bone fractures . Arch Pediatr Adoles Med , 154 : 610 – 613 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feurstein , A. 2001 . Selling our schools? Principals’ views on schoolhouse commercialism and school-business interactions . Educ Admin Q , 37 : 322 – 371 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiBona , J , Chaudhuri , R , Jean-Baptiste , J , Menachem , P and Wurzburg , M. 2003 . Commericialism in North Carolina high schools: a survey of principals’ perceptions . Peabody J Educ , 78 ( 2 ) : 41 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• McCormack Brown , K , Akintobi , T H Pitt , S . 2004 . California school board members’ perceptions of factors influencing school nutrition policy . J Sch Health , 74 ( 2 ) : 52 – 58 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McNeal , J U . 1992 . Kids as Customers: A Handbook of Marketing to Children New York , NY : Lexington Books .
   Google Scholar
• Cosgrove , J. 2005 . Marketing to kids . Beverage Industry , 96 ( 1 ) : 36
   Google Scholar
• Steinriede , K. 1999 . Sponsorship scorecard 1999 . Beverage Industry , 90 ( 1 ) : 8 – 10 .
   Google Scholar
• Enns , C W , Mickle , S J and Goldman , J D . 2002 . Trends in food and nutrient intakes by children in the United States . Fam Econ Nutri Rev , 14 ( 2 ) : 56 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• California Project LEAN. 2002 . Taking the Fizz Out of Soda Contracts: A Guide to Community Action 4 – 10 . Sacramento, CA : Public Health Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Bartlett , C F . 2004 . You are what you serve: are school districts liable for serving unhealthy food and beverages to students? . Seton Hall Law Review , 34 : 1053 – 78 . 1077
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wechsler , H , Brener , N D , Kuester , S and Miller , C. 2001 . Food service and foods and beveragesAvailable at school: results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2000 . J Sch Health , 71 : 313 – 324 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French , S A , Story , M and Fulkerson , J A . 2002 . School food policies and practices: a state-wide survey of secondary school principals . J Am Diet Assoc , 102 : 1785 – 1789 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French , S A , Story , M , Fulkerson , J A and Faricy-Gerlach , A. 2003 . Food environment in secondary schools: a la carte, vending machines, and food policies and practices . Am J Public Health , 93 : 1161 – 1168 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts , S L . 2002 . School food: does the future call for new food policy or can the old still hold true? . Drake Journal Agricultural Law , 7 : 587 605
   Google Scholar
• Almeling , D S . 2003 . The problems of pouringrights contracts . Duke Law Journal , 53 : 1111 – 1135 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Academy of Pediatrics. 2004 . Policy statement: soft drinks in schools . Pediatrics , 113 : 152 – 153 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiley , D and Howard-Barr , E M . 2005 . Advocacy to action: addressing coordinated school health program issues with school boards . J Sch Health , 75 ( 1 ) : 6 – 10 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Food and Nutrition Service. 2004 . U.S Depart-ment of Agriculture. Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of. Available at: http://www.fns.usda.gov/tn/Healthy/108-265.pdf. Accessed March 23, 2005
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Making It Happen—School Nutrition Success Stories Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/nutrition/Making-It-Happen/index.htm. Accessed March 23, 2005
   Google Scholar
• Brener , N D , Burtstein , G R , DuShaw , M L , Vernon , M E , Wheeler , L and Robinson , J. 2001 . Health services: results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2000 . J Sch Health , 71 : 279 – 293 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kann , L , Brener , N D and Allensworth , D D . 2001 . Health education: results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2000 . J Sch Health , 71 : 266 – 278 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chonitz , V R , Collins , J , Kim , J , Kramer , E and McGowan , R. 2003 . Promoting healthy weight among elementary school children via a health report card approach . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , 157 : 765 – 772 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etelson , D , Brand , D A , Patrick , P A and Shirali , A. 2003 . Childhood obesity: do parents recognize this health risk? . Obes Res , 11 : 1362 – 1368 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• General Accounting Office. 1996 . School lunch program: role and impacts of private food service companies Washington , D.C. : Government Printing Office . (Pub. No.: GAO/RCED-96–217)
   Google Scholar
• Sicher , J D . Beverage Digest/Maxwell ranks U.S. soft drink industry for 2004. Beverage Digest. March 4, 2005, 2 63
   Google Scholar
• 721 F.2d 1348 (D.C. Cir. 1983)
   Google Scholar
• 402 S.E.2d 556 (N.C 1991)
   Google Scholar
• 34 Cal. Rptr 1994 2d 108 (Cal. Ct. App. )
   Google Scholar