Galectin-1 overexpression induces normal fibroblasts translate into cancer-associated fibroblasts and attenuates the sensitivity of anlotinib in lung cancer

References

• Ni M, Liu X, Wu J, et al. Identification of candidate biomarkers correlated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer via integrated bioinformatics analysis. Front Genet. 2018;9:469. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altorki NK, Markowitz GJ, Gao D, et al. The lung microenvironment: an important regulator of tumour growth and metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer. 2019;19(1):9–31. doi: 10.1038/s41568-018-0081-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanahan D, Coussens LM. Accessories to the crime: functions of cells recruited to the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Cell. 2012;21(3):309–322. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo H, Tu G, Liu Z, et al. Cancer-associated fibroblasts: a multifaceted driver of breast cancer progression. Cancer Lett. 2015;361(2):155–163. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hale MD, Hayden JD, Grabsch HI. Tumour-microenvironment interactions: role of tumour stroma and proteins produced by cancer-associated fibroblasts in chemotherapy response. Cell Oncol. 2013;36(2):95–112. doi: 10.1007/s13402-013-0127-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quail DF, Joyce JA. Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis. Nat Med. 2013;19(11):1423–1437. doi: 10.1038/nm.3394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai YT, Liang CH, Yu JH, et al. A DNA aptamer targeting aalectin-1 as a novel immunotherapeutic strategy for lung cancer. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2019;18:991–998. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.10.029
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Teichberg S VI, I BD, Resheff G. A beta-D-galactoside binding protein from electric organ tissue of electrophorus electricus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1975;72(4):1383–1387. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.4.1383
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espelt MV, Croci DO, Bacigalupo ML, et al. Novel roles of galectin-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma cell adhesion, polarization, and in vivo tumor growth. Hepatology. 2011;53(6):2097–2106. doi: 10.1002/hep.24294
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He XJ, Tao HQ, Hu ZM, et al. Expression of galectin-1 in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts promotes gastric cancer cell invasion through upregulation of integrin β1. Cancer Sci. 2014;105(11):1402–1410. doi: 10.1111/cas.12539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orozco CA, Martinez-Bosch N, Guerrero PE, et al. Targeting galectin-1 inhibits pancreatic cancer progression by modulating tumor-stroma crosstalk. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018;115(16):E3769–E3778. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1722434115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrick ME, Egland KA. SUSD2 proteolytic cleavage requires the GDPH sequence and inter-fragment disulfide bonds for surface presentation of galectin-1 on breast cancer cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(15):3814. doi: 10.3390/ijms20153814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki J, Aokage K, Neri S, et al. Relationship between podoplanin-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts and the immune microenvironment of early lung squamous cell carcinoma. Lung Cancer. 2021;153:1–10. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.12.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aizawa T, Karasawa H, Funayama R, et al. Cancer-associated fibroblasts secrete Wnt2 to promote cancer progression in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med. 2019;8(14):6370–6382. doi: 10.1002/cam4.2523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-delta delta C(T)) method. Methods. 2001;25(4):402–408. doi: 10.1006/meth.2001.1262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugimoto H, Mundel TM, Kieran MW, et al. Identification of fibroblast heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Biol Ther. 2006;5(12):1640–1646. doi: 10.4161/cbt.5.12.3354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu MH, Hong HC, Hong TM, et al. Targeting galectin-1 in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis by downregulating MCP-1/CCL2 expression. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;17(6):1306–1316. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-1824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panis C, Herrera AC, Victorino VJ, et al. Screening of circulating TGF-β levels and its clinicopathological significance in human breast cancer. Anticancer Res. 2013;33(2):737–742.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao F, Zhang S, Shao Y, et al. Calreticulin overexpression correlates with integrin-α5 and transforming growth factor-β1 expression in the atria of patients with rheumatic valvular disease and atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168(3):2177–2185. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.239
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishimoto T, Miyake K, Nandi T, et al. Activation of transforming growth factor beta 1 signaling in gastric cancer-associated fibroblasts increases their motility, via expression of rhomboid 5 homolog 2, and ability to induce invasiveness of gastric cancer cells. Gastroenterology. 2017;153(1):191–204.e16. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.03.046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paz H, Joo EJ, Chou CH, et al. Treatment of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the galectin-1 inhibitor PTX008. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018;37(1):67. doi: 10.1186/s13046-018-0721-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Westphal JR, Van’t Hullenaar R, Peek R, et al. Angiogenicalance in human melanoma: expression of VEGF, bFGF, IL-8, PDGF and angiostatin in relation to vascular density of xenografts in vivo. Int J Cancer. 2000;86(6):768–776. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(20000615)86:6<768:AID-IJC3>3.0.CO;2-E
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awazu Y, Nakamura K, Mizutani A, et al. A novel inhibitor of c-met and VEGF receptor tyrosine kinases with a broad spectrum of in vivo antitumor activities. Mol Cancer Ther. 2013;2(6):913–924. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-12-1011
   Google Scholar
• Borecka P, Ratajczak-Wielgomas K, Ciaputa R, et al. Expression of periostin in cancer-associated fibroblasts in mammary cancer in female dogs. In Vivo. 2020;34(3):1017–1026. doi: 10.21873/invivo.11870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yazawa EM, Geddes-Sweeney JE, Cedeno-Laurent F, et al. Melanoma cell galectin-1 ligands functionally correlate with malignant potential. J Invest Dermatol. 2015;135(7):1849–1862. doi: 10.1038/jid.2015.95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen G, Zheng F, Ren D, et al. Anlotinib: a novel multi-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor in clinical development. J Hematol Oncol. 2018;11(1):120. doi: 10.1186/s13045-018-0664-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang L, Liu X, Tang Z, et al. Reversal of galectin-1 gene silencing on resistance to cisplatin in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;83:265–270. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar