References
- Grover P, Rekhadevi PV, Danadevi K, Vuyyuri SB, Mahboob M, Rahman MF. Genotoxicity evaluation in workers occupationally exposed to lead. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2010;213(2):99–106. doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2010.01.005.
- Lanphear BP, Dietrich K, Auinger P, Cox C. Cognitive deficits associated with blood lead concentrations <10 µg/dl in US children and adolescents. Public Health Rep. 2000;115:521–529. doi:10.1093/phr/115.6.521. PMID:11354334.
- Flora SJS, Saxena G, Mehta A. Reversal of lead-induced neuronal apoptosis by chelation treatment in rats: role of ROS and intracellular Ca2+. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007;322:108–116. doi:10.1124/jpet.107.121996. PMID:17431133.
- Flora SJS, Mittal M, Mehta A. Heavy metal induced oxidative stress & its possible reversal by chelation therapy. Indian J Med Res. 2008;128:501–523.
- Dobrakowski M, Pawlas N, Kasperczyk A Kozłowska A, et al. Oxidative DNA damage and oxidative stress in lead-exposed workers. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2017;36(7):744–754. doi:10.1177/0960327116665674. PMID:27596070.
- Flora SJS, Flora G, Saxena G, Mishra M. Arsenic and lead induced free radical generation and their reversibility following chelation. Cell Mol Biol. 2007;53:24–47.
- Stoleski S, Karadzinska-Bislimovska J, Stikova E, Risteska-Kuc S, Mijakoski D, Minov J. Adverse effects in workers exposed to inorganic lead. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2008;59(1):19–29. doi:10.2478/10004-1254-59-2008-1866. PMID:18407868.
- Sani A, Abdullahi IL. A bio-assessment of DNA damage by alkaline comet assay in metal workers of Kano metropolis, Nigeria. Toxicol Rep. 2016;3:804–806. doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.10.003. PMID:28959607.
- Saxena G, Joshi U, Flora SJS. Monoesters of meso 2, 3- dimercaptosuccinic acid in lead mobilization and recovery of lead induced tissue oxidative injury in rats. Toxicology. 2005;214:39–56. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.05.026. PMID:16019123.
- Shah JA, Lakkad BC, Rao MV. Genotoxicity in lead treated human lymphocytes evaluated by micronucleus and comet assays. Indian J Exp Biol. 2016;54:502–508.
- Olewinska E, Kasperczyk A, Kapka L, et al. Level of DNA damage in lead-exposed workers. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2010;17(2):231–236. PMID:21186764.
- Kayaaltı Z, Yavuz İ, Söylemez E, et al. Evaluation of DNA damage using 3 comet assay parameters in workers occupationally exposed to lead. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2015;70(3):120–125. doi:10.1080/19338244.2013.787964. PMID:24965324.
- Karakaya AE, Ozcagli E, Ertas N, Sardas S. Assessment of abnormal DNA repair responses and genotoxic effects in lead exposed workers. Am J Ind Med. 2005;47(4):358–363. doi:10.1002/ajim.20145. PMID:15776465.
- Paoliello MMB, De Capitani EM. Occupational and environmental human lead exposure in Brazil. Environ Res. 2007;103(2):288–297. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2006.06.013. PMID:16919621.
- Pillai A, Gupta S. Effect of gestational and lactational exposure to lead and cadmium on reproductive performance and hepatic oestradiol metabolising enzymes. Toxicol Lett. 2005;155(1):179–186. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.09.015. PMID:15585373.
- Stacchiotti A, Morandini F, Bettoni F, et al. Stress proteins and oxidative damage in a renal derived cell line exposed to inorganic mercury and lead. Toxicology. 2009;264(3):215–224. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.08.014.
- Wan H, Wu J, Sun P, Yang Y. Investigation of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase polymorphism affecting hematopoietic, hepatic and renal toxicity from lead in Han subjects of southwestern China. Acta Physiol Hung. 2014;101(1):59–66. doi:10.1556/APhysiol.101.2014.1.7.
- Zolaly MA, Hanafi MI, Shawky N, el-Harbi K, Mohamadin AM. Association between blood lead levels and environmental exposure among Saudi schoolchildren in certain districts of Al-Madinah. Int J Gen Med. 2012;5:355–364. PMID:22573942.
- Shaik AP, Sultana SA, Alsaeed AH. Lead exposure: a summary of global studies and the need for new studies from Saudi Arabia. Dis Markers. 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/415160. PMID:25214703.
- Brochin R, Leone S, Phillips D, Shepard N, Zisa D, Angerio A. The cellular effect of lead poisioning and its clinical picture. The Georgetown J heath scien. 2008;5(2):1–8.
- Miyaki K, Lwin H, Masaki K, et al. Association between a polymorphism of aminolevulinate dehydrogenase (ALAD) gene and blood lead levels in Japanese subjects. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2009;6(3):999–1009. doi:10.3390/ijerph6030999. PMID:19440429.
- Sharma B, Singh S, Siddiqi NJ. Biomedical implications of heavy metals induced imbalances in redox systems. Biomed Res Int. 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/640754.
- Jomova K, Valko M. Advances in metal-induced oxidative stress and human disease. Toxicology. 2011;283(2):65–87. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.03.001. PMID:21414382.
- Kasperczyk S, Dobrakowski M, Kasperczyk J, Ostałowska A, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Birkner E. Beta-carotene reduces oxidative stress, improves glutathione metabolism and modifies antioxidant defense systems in lead-exposed workers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014;280(1):36–41. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2014.07.006.
- Fukai T, Ushio-Fukai M. Superoxide dismutases: role in redox signaling, vascular function, and diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011;15(6):1583–1606. doi:10.1089/ars.2011.3999.
- Krueger K, Shen J, Maier A, Tepel M, Scholze A. Lower superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein content in mononuclear cells is associated with better survival in patients with hemodialysis therapy. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016. doi:10.1155/2016/7423249. PMID:27630759.
- Fortunato G, Marciano E, Zarrilli F, et al. Paraoxonase and superoxide dismutase gene polymorphisms and noise-induced hearing loss. Clin Chem. 2004;50(11):2012–2018. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2004.037788. PMID:15345661.
- Miao L, Clair DKS. Regulation of superoxide dismutase genes: implications in disease. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009;47(4):344–356. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.05.018. PMID:19477268.
- Iqbal A, Naz M, Hussain F, Saleem M, Hashmi B. Association of SOD2 gene polymorphism with noise induced hearing loss in textile industry employees. Afri J Biochem Res. 2012;7(7):122–127.
- Yahaya MI, Shehu A, Dabai FG. Efficiency of extraction of trace metals from blood samples using wet digestion and microwave digestion techniques. J Appl Sci Environ Manage. 2013;17(3):365–369.
- Tice RR, Agurell E, Anderson D, et al. Single cell gel/comet assay: guidelines for in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology testing. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2000;35(3):206–221. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(2000)35:3%3c206::AID-EM8%3e3.0.CO;2-J. PMID:10737956.
- Rainen L, Oelmueller U, Jurgensen S, et al. Stabilization of mRNA expression in whole blood samples. Clin Chem. 2002;48(11):1883–1890. PMID:12406972.
- Mahjabeen I, Kayani MA. Loss of mitochondrial tumor suppressor genes expression is associated with unfavorable clinical outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: data from retrospective study. PloS One. 2016;11(1). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146948. PMID:26785117.
- Botta C, Iarmarcovai G, Chaspoul F, et al. Assessment of occupational exposure to welding fumes by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectroscopy and by the alkaline Comet assay. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2006;47(4):284–295. doi:10.1002/em.20205. PMID:16489626.
- Lopes AC, Peixe TS, Mesas AE, Paoliello MM. Lead exposure and oxidative stress: a systematic review. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2016;236:193–238.
- Shellenberger MK. Effects of early lead exposure on neurotransmitter systems in the brain: a Review with commentary. Neurotoxicology. 1984;5(3):177–212.
- Muntner P, Menke A, DeSalvo KB, Rabito FA, Batuman V. Continued decline in blood lead levels among adults in the United States: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165(18):2155–2161. doi:10.1001/archinte.165.18.2155. PMID:16217007.
- Zhang H, Xu M, Zhao Q, et al. Association between polymorphism of Exportin-5 and susceptibility to lead poisoning in a Chinese population. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;14(1):36. doi:10.3390/ijerph14010036.
- Mahjabeen I, Masood N, Baig RM, et al. Novel mutations of OGG1 base excision repair pathway gene in laryngeal cancer patients. Fam Cancer. 2012;11(4):587–593. doi:10.1007/s10689-012-9554-2.
- Chiu YW, Liu TY, Chuang HY. The effects of lead exposure on the activities of [delta]-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase with the modification of the relative genotypes; E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 1); EDP Sci. 2013.
- Pizzino G, Bitto A, Interdonato M, et al. Oxidative stress and DNA repair and detoxification gene expression in adolescents exposed to heavy metals living in the Milazzo-Valle del Mela area (Sicily, Italy). Redox Biol. 2014;2:686–693. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2014.05.003. PMID:24936443.
- Mahjabeen I, Chen Z, Zhou X, Kayani MA. Decreased mRNA expression levels of base excision repair (BER) pathway genes is associated with enhanced Ki-67 expression in HNSCC. Med Oncol. 2012;29(5):3620–3625. doi:10.1007/s12032-012-0300-2.
- Kasuba V, Rozgaj R, Milić M, et al. Evaluation of lead exposure in battery‐manufacturing workers with focus on different biomarkers. J Appl Toxicol. 2012;30(4):321–328.
- Kasperczyk A, Słowinska-Łozynska L, Dobrakowski M, Zalejska-Fiolka J, Kasperczyk S. The effect of lead-induced oxidative stress on blood viscosity and rheological properties of erythrocytes in lead exposed humans. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2014;56(3):187–195.