395
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

NIOSH’s Respiratory Health Division: 50 years of science and service

, , ORCID Icon, &
Pages 15-29 | Received 20 Jul 2018, Accepted 11 Sep 2018, Published online: 02 Dec 2018

References

  • Laney AS, Weissman DN. Respiratory diseases caused by coal mine dust. J Occup Environ Med. 2014;56 l.10:S18–S22.
  • Kibelstis JA, Morgan EJ, Reger R, Lapp NL, Seaton A, Morgan WK. Prevalence of bronchitis and airway obstruction in American bituminous coal miners. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1973;108(4):886–893.
  • Seixas NS, Robins TG, Attfield MD, Moulton LH. Longitudinal and cross sectional analyses of exposure to coal mine dust and pulmonary function in new miners. Br J Ind Med. 1993;50(10):929–937.
  • Graber JM, Stayner LT, Cohen RA, Conroy LM, Attfield MD. Respiratory disease mortality among US coal miners; results after 37 years of follow-up. Occup Environ Med. 2014;71(1):30–39. Erratum in: Occup Environ Med. 2014;71(10):738.
  • NIOSH. Criteria for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to respirable coal mine dust. Cincinnati, Ohio; Washington, DC: US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1995; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 95–106.
  • NIOSH. Current Intelligence Bulletin 64. Coal mine dust exposures and associated health outcomes - a review of information published since 1995. Cincinnati, Ohio: US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2011; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 11–172.
  • NIOSH. When a coal miner dies… The National Coal Workers’ Autopsy Study. Morgantown, WV: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1995; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 95-120.
  • Vallyathan V, Landsittel DP, Petsonk EL. The influence of dust standards on the prevalence and severity of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis at autopsy in the United States of America. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011;135(12):1550–1556.
  • Yucesoy B, Johnson VJ, Kissling GE, et al. Genetic susceptibility to progressive massive fibrosis in coal miners. Eur Respir J. 2008;31(6):1177–1182.
  • International Labour Office (ILO). Guidelines for the use of ILO international classification of radiographs of pneumoconioses, revised edition 2011. Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office; 2011. http://www.ilo.org/safework/info/publications/WCMS_168260/lang–en/index.htm. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • Antao VC, Petsonk EL, Sokolow LZ, et al. Rapidly progressive coal workers’ pneumoconiosis in the United States: geographic clustering and other factors. Occup Environ Med. 2005;62(10):670–674.
  • Laney AS, Attfield MD. Examination of potential sources of bias in the US Coal Workers’ Health Surveillance Program. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(1):165–170.
  • Blackley DJ, Halldin CN, Laney AS. Resurgence of a debilitating and entirely preventable respiratory disease among working coal miners. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;190(6):708–709.
  • Blackley DJ, Crum JB, Halldin CN, Storey E, Laney AS. Resurgence of progressive massive fibrosis in coal miners - eastern Kentucky, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65(49):1385–1389.
  • Blackley DJ, Reynolds LE, Short C, et al. Progressive massive fibrosis in coal miners from 3 clinics in Virginia. JAMA. 2018;319(5):500–501.
  • Reynolds L, Halldin CN, Laney AS, Blackley DJ. Coal miner participation in a job transfer program designed to prevent progression of pneumoconiosis, United States, 1986-2016. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2017;1–3. doi: 10.1080/19338244.2017.1402749.
  • Mine Safety and Health Adminstration (MSHA). Lowering miners’ exposure to respirable coal mine dust, including continuous personal dust monitors. Final rule. Fed Regist. 2014;79(84):24813–24994.
  • Banks DE, Bauer MA, Castellan RM, Lapp NL. Silicosis in surface coalmine drillers. Thorax. 1983;38(4):275–278.
  • Piacitelli GM, Amandus HE, Dieffenbach A. Respirable dust exposures in U.S. surface coal mines (1982-1986). Arch Environ Health. 1990;45(4):202–209.
  • Halldin CN, Reed WR, Joy GJ, et al. Debilitating lung disease among surface coal miners with no underground mining tenure. J Occup Environ Med. 2015;57(1):62–67.
  • Russell AE, Britten RH, Thompson LR, Bloomfield JJ. The Health of Workers in Dusty Trades. II. Exposure to Siliceous Dust (Granite Industry). Washington, DC: US Public Health Service, 1929; Public Health Bulletin No. 187.
  • Russell AE. The Health of Workers in Dusty Trades. VII. Restudy of a Group of Granite Workers. Washington, DC: US Public Health Service, 1941; Public Health Bulletin No. 269.
  • Costello J, Graham WGB. Vermont granite workers’ mortality study. Am J Ind Med. 1988;13(4):483–497.
  • Amandus HE, Shy C, Wing S, Blair A, Heineman EF. Silicosis and lung cancer in North Carolina dusty trades workers. Am J Ind Med. 1991;20(1):57–70.
  • Chen J, McLaughlin JK, Zhang JY, et al. Mortality among dust-exposed Chinese mine and pottery workers. J Occup Med. 1992;34(3):311–316.
  • Hodous TK, Chen RA, Kinsley KB, et al. A comparison of pneumoconiosis interpretation between Chinese and American readers and classifications. J Tongji Med Univ. 1991;11(4):225–229.
  • Millar JD. AIHCE Keynote Address: 10% Inspiration. Appl Occup Environ Hyg. 1991;6(9):742–746.
  • Kane F. The campaign to end silicosis. Job Safety & Health Quarterly. 1997. https://www.osha.gov/dsg/topics/silicacrystalline/endsilicosis.html. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • NIOSH. NIOSH alert: preventing silicosis and deaths from sandblasting. Morgantown, WV: US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1992; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 92–102.
  • NIOSH. NIOSH alert: preventing silicosis and deaths in rock drillers. Morgantown, WV: US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1992; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 92–107.
  • NIOSH. NIOSH alert: preventing silicosis and deaths in construction workers. Morgantown, WV: US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1996; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 96–112.
  • NIOSH. NIOSH hazard review: health effects of occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica. Cincinnati, OH: US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2002; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 2002–129.
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica; final rule. Fed Regist. 2016;81(58):16285–16890.
  • Lougheed MD, Roos JO, Waddell WR, Munt PW. Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis and diffuse alveolar damage in textile workers. Potential role of mycotoxins. Chest. 1995;108(5):1196–1200.
  • Kern DG, Crausman RS, Durand KT, Nayer A, Kuhn C. 3rd., Flock worker’s lung: chronic interstitial lung disease in the nylon flocking industry. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129(4):261–272.
  • Eschenbacher WL, Kreiss K, Lougheed MD, Pransky GS, Day B, Castellan RM. Nylon flock-associated interstitial lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(6):2003–2008.
  • Burkhart J, Jones W, Porter DW, Washko RM, Eschenbacher WL, Castellan RM. Hazardous occupational exposure and lung disease among nylon flock workers. Am J Ind Med. 1999;36(Suppl. 1):145–146.
  • Washko RM, Day B, Parker JE, Castellan RM, Kreiss K. Epidemiologic investigation of respiratory morbidity at a nylon flock plant. Am J Ind Med. 2000;38(6):628–638.
  • Daroowalla F, Wang ML, Piacitelli C, Attfield MD, K, Kreiss. Flock workers’ exposures and respiratory symptoms in five plants. Am J Ind Med. 2005;47(2):144–152.
  • Porter DW, Castranova V, Robinson VA, et al. Acute inflammatory reaction in rats after intratracheal instillation of material collected from a nylon flocking plant. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1999;57(1):25–45.
  • Antao VC, Piacitelli CA, Miller WE, Pinheiro GA, Kreiss K. Rayon flock: a new cause of respiratory morbidity in a card processing plant. Am J Ind Med. 2007;50(4):274–284.
  • Akpinar-Elci M, Travis WD, Lynch DA, Kreiss K. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in popcorn production plant workers. Eur Respir J. 2004;24(2):298–302.
  • Kreiss K, Gomaa A, Kullman G, Fedan K, Simoes EJ, Enright PL. Clinical bronchiolitis obliterans in workers at a microwave-popcorn plant. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(5):330–338.
  • Hubbs AF, Battelli LA, Goldsmith WT, et al. Necrosis of nasal and airway epithelium in rats inhaling vapors of artificial butter flavoring. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2002;185(2):128–135.
  • Hubbs AF, Goldsmith WT, Kashon ML, et al. Respiratory toxicologic pathology of inhaled diacetyl in Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol Pathol. 2008;36(2):330–344.
  • Kanwal R, Kullman G, Piacitelli C, et al. Evaluation of flavorings-related lung disease risk at six microwave popcorn plants. J Occup Environ Med. 2006;48(2):149–157.
  • Day G, LeBouf R, Grote A, et al. Identification and measurement of diacetyl substitutes in dry bakery mix production. J Occup Environ Hyg. 2011;8(2):93–103.
  • Cummings KJ, Boylstein RJ, Stanton ML, et al. Respiratory symptoms and lung function abnormalities related to work at a flavouring manufacturing facility. Occup Environ Med. 2014;71(8):549–554.
  • Kreiss K. Work-related spirometric restriction in flavoring manufacturing workers. Am J Ind Med. 2014;57(2):129–137.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Obliterative bronchiolitis in workers in a coffee-processing facility - Texas, 2008-2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013;62(16):305–307.
  • Bailey RL, Cox-Ganser JM, Duling MG, et al. Respiratory morbidity in a coffee processing workplace with sentinel obliterative bronchiolitis cases. Am J Ind Med. 2015;58(12):1235–1245.
  • Duling MG, LeBouf RF, Cox-Ganser JM, Kreiss K, Martin SB Jr, Bailey RL. Environmental characterization of a coffee processing workplace with obliterative bronchiolitis in former workers. J Occup Environ Hyg. 2016;13(10):770–781.
  • Hubbs AF, Cumpston AM, Goldsmith WT, et al. Respiratory and olfactory cytotoxicity of inhaled 2,3-pentanedione in Sprague-Dawley rats. Am J Pathol. 2012;181(3):829–844.
  • NIOSH. NIOSH alert: preventing lung disease in workers who use or make flavorings. Cincinnati, Ohio, US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2003; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2004–110.
  • NIOSH. Criteria for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione. Cincinnati, Ohio, US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2016; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2016–111.
  • Cummings KJ, Donat WE, Ettensohn DB, Roggli VL, Ingram P, Kreiss K. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in workers at an indium processing facility. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;181(5):458–464.
  • Cummings KJ, Nakano M, Omae K, et al. Indium lung disease. Chest. 2012;141(6):1512–1521.
  • Cummings KJ, Suarthana E, Edwards N, et al. Serial evaluations at an indium-tin oxide production facility. Am J Ind Med. 2013;56(3):300–307.
  • Badding MA, Fix NR, Orandle MS, et al. Pulmonary toxicity of indium-tin oxide production facility particles in rats. J Appl Toxicol. 2016;36(4):618–626.
  • Stefaniak AB, Virji MA, Badding MA, Cummings KJ. Application of the ICRP respiratory tract model to estimate pulmonary retention of industrially sampled indium-containing dusts. Inhal Toxicol. 2017;29(4):169–178.
  • Cummings KJ, Virji MA, Trapnell BC, Carey B, Healey T, Kreiss K. Early changes in clinical, functional, and laboratory biomarkers in workers at risk of indium lung disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014;11(9):1395–1403.
  • Cummings KJ, Virji MA, Park JY, et al. Respirable indium exposures, plasma indium, and respiratory health among indium-tin oxide (ITO) workers. Am J Ind Med. 2016;59(7):522–531.
  • Pneumoconiosis Committee. Pathology standards for coal workers’ pneumoconiosis. Report of the Pneumoconiosis Committee of the College of American Pathologists to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1979;103(8):375–432.
  • Craighead JE, Abraham JL, Churg A, et al. The pathology of asbestos-associated diseases of the lungs and pleural cavities: diagnostic criteria and proposed grading schema. Report of the Pneumoconiosis Committee of the College of American Pathologists and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1982;106(11):544–596.
  • Silicosis and Silicate Disease Committee. Diseases associated with exposure to silica and nonfibrous silicate minerals. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1988;112(7):673–720.
  • Olenchock SA, Lewis DM, Mull JC. Effects of different extraction protocols on endotoxin analyses of airborne grain dusts. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1989;15(6):430–435.
  • Vallyathan V, Castranova V, Pack D, et al. Freshly fractured quartz inhalation leads to enhanced lung injury and inflammation. Potential role of free radicals. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;152(3):1003–1009.
  • LeBouf R, Simmons M. Increased sensitivity of OSHA method analysis of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione in air. J Occup Environ Hyg. 2017;14(5):343–348.
  • LeBouf RF, Virji MA, Ranpara A, Stefaniak AB. Air and surface sampling method for assessing exposures to quaternary ammonium compounds using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Ann Work Expo Health. 2017;61(6):724–736.
  • Stefaniak AB, LeBouf RF, Duling MG, et al. Inhalation exposure to three-dimensional printer emissions stimulates acute hypertension and microvascular dysfunction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2017;335:1–5.
  • Park JH, Sulyok M, Lemons AR, Green BJ, Cox-Ganser JM. Characterization of fungi in office dust: comparing results of microbial secondary metabolites, fungal ITS region sequencing, viable culture, and other microbial indices. Indoor Air. 2018. doi: 10.1111/ina.12470.
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Occupational exposure to cotton dust: notice of the availability of a lookback review pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility Act and Executive Order 12866. Fed Regist. 2000;65(236):76667–76669.
  • NIOSH. Criteria for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to cotton dust. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1974; DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 75–118.
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Occupational exposure to cotton dust. Final standard. Fed Regist. 1978;43(122):27350–27463.
  • Castellan RM, Olenchock SA, Hankinson JL, et al. Acute bronchoconstriction induced by cotton dust: dose-related responses to endotoxin and other dust factors. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101(2):157–163.
  • Castellan RM, Olenchock SA, Kinsley KB, Hankinson JL. Inhaled endotoxin and decreased spirometric values. An exposure-response relation for cotton dust. N Engl J Med. 1987;317(10):605–610.
  • Petsonk EL, Olenchock SA, Castellan RM, et al. Human ventilatory response to washed and unwashed cottons from different growing areas. Br J Ind Med. 1986;43(3):182–187.
  • Kutz SA, Mentnech MS, Mull JC, Olenchock SA, Major PC. Acute experimental pulmonary responses to cardroom cotton dust. Arch Environ Health. 1980;35(4):205–210.
  • Olenchock SA, Mull JC, Jones WG. Endotoxins in cotton: washing effects and size distribution. Am J Ind Med. 1983;4(4):515–521.
  • Olenchock SA. Gram-negative bacterial endotoxins in airborne dusts from washed and unwashed cottons. Z Erkr Atmungsorgane. 1984;163(3):208–216.
  • NIOSH. Current Intelligence Bulletin 56 - Washed Cotton. A review and recommendations regarding batch kier washed cotton. Morgantown, WV: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1995; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 95–113.
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Occupational exposure to cotton dust. Direct final rule. Fed Regist. 2000;65(236):76563–76567.
  • Amandus HE, Wheeler R. The morbidity and mortality of vermiculite miners and millers exposed to tremolite-actinolite: Part II. Mortality. Am J Ind Med. 1987;11(1):15–26.
  • Sullivan PA. Vermiculite, respiratory disease, and asbestos exposure in Libby, Montana: update of a cohort mortality study. Environ Health Perspect. 2007;115(4):579–585.
  • Attfield MD, Schleiff PL, Lubin JH, et al. The Diesel Exhaust in Miners study: a cohort mortality study with emphasis on lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012;104(11):869–883. Erratum in: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014;106(8):dju192.
  • Silverman DT, Samanic CM, Lubin JH, et al. The diesel exhaust in miners study: a nested case-control study of lung cancer and diesel exhaust. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012;104(11):855–868.
  • Park JY, Virji MA, Stefaniak AB, et al. Sensitization and chronic beryllium disease at a primary manufacturing facility, part 2: validation of historical exposures. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2012;38(3):259–269.
  • Schuler CR, Virji MA, Deubner DC, et al. Sensitization and chronic beryllium disease at a primary manufacturing facility, part 3: exposure-response among short-term workers. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2012;38(3):270–281.
  • McCanlies EC, Ensey JS, Schuler CR, Kreiss K, Weston A. The association between HLA-DPB1Glu69 and chronic beryllium disease and beryllium sensitization. Am J Ind Med. 2004;46(2):95–103.
  • Snyder JA, Demchuk E, McCanlies EC, et al. Impact of negatively charged patches on the surface of MHC class II antigen-presenting proteins on risk of chronic beryllium disease. J R Soc Interface. 2008;5(24):749–758.
  • Kreiss K, Fechter-Leggett ED, McCanlies EC, Schuler CR, Weston A. Research to practice implications of high-risk genotypes for beryllium sensitization and disease. J Occup Environ Med. 2016;58(9):855–860.
  • Cummings KJ, Deubner DC, Day GA, et al. Enhanced preventive programme at a beryllium oxide ceramics facility reduces beryllium sensitisation among new workers. Occup Environ Med. 2006;64(2):134–140.
  • Thomas CA, Bailey RL, Kent MS, Deubner DC, Kreiss K, Schuler CR. Efficacy of a program to prevent beryllium sensitization among new employees at a copper-beryllium alloy processing facility. Public Health Rep. 2009;124:112–124.
  • Bailey RL, Thomas CA, Deubner DC, Kent MS, Kreiss K, Schuler CR. Evaluation of a preventive program to reduce sensitization at a beryllium metal, oxide, and alloy production plant. J Occup Environ Med. 2010;52(5):505–512.
  • Stefaniak AB, Virji MA, Day GA. Release of beryllium into artificial airway epithelial lining fluid. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2012;67(4):219–228.
  • NIOSH. NIOSH alert: preventing sensitization and disease from beryllium Exposure. Cincinnati, Ohio, US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2011; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2011-107.
  • Balmes JR, Abraham JL, Dweik RA, et al. An official American Thoracic Society statement: diagnosis and management of beryllium sensitivity and chronic beryllium disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;190(10):e34–e59.
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Occupational exposure to beryllium. Final rule. Fed Regist. 2017;82(5):2470–2757.
  • Cox-Ganser JM, White SK, Jones R, et al. Respiratory morbidity in office workers in a water-damaged building. Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113(4):485–490.
  • Iossifova YY, Cox-Ganser JM, Park JH, White SK, Kreiss K. Lack of respiratory improvement following remediation of a water-damaged office building. Am J Ind Med. 2011;54(4):269–277.
  • Park JH, Cox-Ganser J, Rao C, Kreiss K. Fungal and endotoxin measurements in dust associated with respiratory symptoms in a water-damaged office building. Indoor Air. 2006;16(3):192–203.
  • Park JH, Cox-Ganser JM, Kreiss K, White SK, Rao CY. Hydrophilic fungi and ergosterol associated with respiratory illness in a water-damaged building. Environ Health Perspect. 2008;116(1):45–50.
  • Park JH, Kreiss K, Cox-Ganser JM. Rhinosinusitis and mold as risk factors for asthma symptoms in occupants of a water-damaged building. Indoor Air. 2012;22(5):396–404.
  • Park JH, Cho SJ, White SK, Cox-Ganser JM. Changes in respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms in occupants of a large office building over a period of moisture damage remediation attempts. PLoS One. 2018;13(1):e0191165.
  • Park JH, Schleiff PL, Attfield MD, Cox-Ganser JM, Kreiss K. Building-related respiratory symptoms can be predicted with semi-quantitative indices of exposure to dampness and mold. Indoor Air. 2004;14(6):425–433.
  • Cox-Ganser JM, Rao CY, Park JH, Schumpert JC, Kreiss K. Asthma and respiratory symptoms in hospital workers related to dampness and biological contaminants. Indoor Air. 2009;19(4):280–290.
  • Cho SJ, Cox-Ganser JM, Park JH. Observational scores of dampness and mold associated with measurements of microbial agents and moisture in three public schools. Indoor Air. 2016;26(2):168–178.
  • NIOSH. NIOSH alert: preventing occupational respiratory disease from exposures caused by dampness in office buildings, schools, and other nonindustrial buildings. Cincinnati, Ohio: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2012; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2013–102.
  • NIOSH. Work-related lung disease surveillance report, 1991. Morgantown, WV: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1991; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 1991–113.
  • NIOSH. Work-related lung disease surveillance report, 2007. Morgantown, WV: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2008; DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2008–143.
  • NIOSH. Welcome to eWoRLD. https://wwwn.cdc.gov/eworld/. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • NIOSH. National Occupational Respiratory Mortality System (NORMS). https://webappa.cdc.gov/ords/norms.html. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER). https://wonder.cdc.gov/. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • Baker EL. Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risks (SENSOR): the concept. Am J Public Health. 1989;79 l:18–20.
  • NIOSH. Sources of data. https://wwwn.cdc.gov/eworld/Appendix/SourcesOfData. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). State occupational health and safety surveillance program (U60). https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-14-275.html. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics (AOEC). Epidemiology tools. http://www.aoec.org/tools.htm. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • NIOSH. State-based occupational health surveillance clearinghouse. https://wwwn.cdc.gov/niosh-statedocs/Default.aspx. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • NIOSH. Spirometry training program. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/spirometry/training.html. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • American Thoracic Society. ATS statement–Snowbird workshop on standardization of spirometry. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979;119(5):831–838.
  • American Thoracic Society. Standardization of spirometry, 1994 update. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;152(3):1107–1136.
  • Redlich CA, Tarlo SM, Hankinson JL, et al. Official American Thoracic Society technical standards: spirometry in the occupational setting. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;189(8):983–993.
  • NIOSH. Coal workers’ health surveillance program. Coal Miner Spirometry. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/cwhsp/coalminerhealth.html. Accessed July 12, 2018.
  • Hankinson JL, Odencrantz JR, Fedan KB. Spirometric reference values from a sample of the general U.S. population. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(1):179–187.
  • Hnizdo E, Yan T, Hakobyan A, et al. Spirometry Longitudinal Data Analysis Software (SPIROLA) for analysis of spirometry data in workplace prevention or COPD treatment. Open Med Inform J. 2010;4:94–102.
  • Hnizdo E. The value of periodic spirometry for early recognition of long-term excessive lung function decline in individuals. J Occup Environ Med. 2012;54(12):1506–1512.
  • Baughman P, Marott JL, Lange P, et al. Combined effect of lung function level and decline increases morbidity and mortality risks. Eur J Epidemiol. 2012;27(12):933–943.
  • Public Health Service. Specifications for medical examinations of underground coal miners. Fed Regist. 1970;35(161):13206–13208.
  • Public Health Service. Specifications for medical examinations of underground coal miners. Fed. Regist. 1973;38(144):20076–20081.
  • Trout ED, Jacobson G, Moore RT, Shoub EP. Analysis of the rejection rate of chest radiographs obtained during the coal mine “black lung program”. Radiology. 1973;109(1):25–27.
  • Felson B, Morgan WK, Bristol LJ, et al. Observations on the results of multiple readings of chest films in coal miners’ pneumoconiosis. Radiology. 1973;109(1):19–23.
  • Morgan R, Donner M, Gayler B, Margulies S, Rao P, Wheeler P. Decision process and observer error in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis by chest roentgenography. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med. 1973;117(4):757–764.
  • Wagner GR, Attfield MD, Kennedy RD, Parker JE. The NIOSH B Reader certification program. An update report. J Occup Med. 1992;34(9):879–884.
  • Franzblau A, Kazerooni EA, Sen A, et al. Comparison of digital radiographs with film radiographs for the classification of pneumoconiosis. Acad Radiol. 2009;16(6):669–677.
  • Laney AS, Petsonk EL, Attfield MD. Intramodality and intermodality comparisons of storage phosphor computed radiography and conventional film-screen radiography in the recognition of small pneumoconiotic opacities. Chest. 2011;140(6):1574–1580.
  • Halldin CN, Petsonk EL, Laney AS. Validation of the International Labour Office digitized standard images for recognition and classification of radiographs of pneumoconiosis. Acad Radiol. 2014;21(3):305–311.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.