Private Religious Practice, Spiritual Coping, Social Support, and Health Status among Older Korean Adult Immigrants

REFERENCES

• Arbuckle, N. W., & de Vries, B. (1995). The long-term effects of later life spousal and parental bereavement on personal functioning. The Gerontologist, 35(5), 637–647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-Sira, Z. (1997). Immigration, stress and readjustment. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Berry, J. W. (1991). Understanding and managing multiculturalism: Some possible implications of research in Canada. Psychology and Developing Societies, 3(1), 17–49.
   Google Scholar
• Biegel, D. E., Farkas, K. J., & Song, L. (1997). Barriers to the use of mental health services by African-American and Hispanic elderly persons. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 3(1), 23–44.
   Google Scholar
• Bono, G., McCullough, M. E., & Root, L. M. (2008). Forgiveness, feeling connected to others, and well-being: Two longitudinal studies. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 3(2), 182–195.
   Google Scholar
• Brazier, J. E., Harper, R., Jones, N. M., O'Cathain, A., Thomas, K. J., Usherwood, T., & Westlake, L. (1992). Validating the SF-36 health survey questionnaire: New outcome measure for primary care. British Medical Journal, 3(6846), 160–164.
   Google Scholar
• Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 3(3), 185–216.
   Google Scholar
• Casado, B. L., & Leung, P. (2001). Migratory grief and depression among elderly Chinese American immigrants. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 3(1/2), 3–19.
   Google Scholar
• Chiriboga, D., Black, S., Aranda, M., & Markides, K. (2002). Stress and depressive symptoms among Mexican American elderly. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 3B, 559–568.
   Google Scholar
• Chou, K. L., & Chi, I. (2000). Comparison between elderly Chinese living lone and those living with others. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 3(1), 51–66.
   Google Scholar
• Cuellar, I., Bastida, E., & Braccio, S. M. (2004). Residency in the United States, subjective well-being, and depression in an older Mexican-origin sample. Journal of Aging Health, 3(4), 447–466.
   Google Scholar
• Curtis, M. P., Sales, A. E. B., Sullivan, J. H., Gray, S. L., & Hedrick, S. C. (2005). Satisfaction with care among community residential care residents. Journal of Aging and Health, 3(1), 3–27.
   Google Scholar
• Ellison, C.G., & Fan, D. (2008). Daily spiritual experiences and psychological well-being among U.S. adults. Social Indicators Research, 3(2), 247–271.
   Google Scholar
• Engstrom, D. W., Piedra, L. M., & Min, J. W. (2009). Bilingual social workers: Language and service complexities. Administration in Social Work, 3(2), 167–185.
   Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick, T. R., & Tran, T. V. (2002). Bereavement and health among different race and age groups. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 3(2), 77–92.
   Google Scholar
• Fix, M., & Passel, J. S. (2002). Assessing welfare reform's immigrant provisions. In A. Weil & K. Finegoal (Eds.), Welfare reform: The next act (pp. 179–202). Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press.
   Google Scholar
• Garratt, A. M., Ruta, D. A., Abdalla, M. I., Buckingham, J. K., & Russell, I. T. (1993). The SF36 health survey questionnaire: An outcome measure suitable for routine use within the NHS? British Medical Journal, 3(6890), 1440–1444.
   Google Scholar
• Gilbar, O., & Refaeli, R. (2000). The relationship between adult cancer patients' adjustment to the illness and that of their parents. Families, Systems & Health, 3(1), 5–17.
   Google Scholar
• George, D., & Mallery, P. (1999). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. MA: Allyn & Bacon.
   Google Scholar
• George, L. K., Ellison, C. G., & Larson, D. B. (2002). Explaining the relationship between religious involvement and health. Psychological Inquiry, 3(3), 190–200.
   Google Scholar
• Gonzalez, H. M., Haan, M. N., & Hinton, L. (2001). Acculturation and the prevalence of depression on older Mexican Americans: Baseline results of the Sacramento area Latino study on aging. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 3(7), 948–953.
   Google Scholar
• Gorospe, E. (2006). Elderly immigrants: Emerging challenge for the U.S. healthcare system. The Internet Journal of Healthcare Administration, 3(1). Retrieved from http://www.ispub.com/journal/the_internet_journal_of_healthcare_administration/volume_4_number_1_21/article/elderly_immigrants_emerging_challenge_for_the_u_s_healthcare_system.html
   Google Scholar
• Hong, G., & Hong, S. (1997). Health care of American Indian elderly: Determinants of the perceived difficulty obtaining access to health care. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 3(1), 1058–0476.
   Google Scholar
• Hovey, J. D. (2000). Acculturative stress, depression, and suicidal ideation in Mexican immigrants. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 3(2), 134–151.
   Google Scholar
• Hurh, W. M., & Kim, K. C. (1990). Adaptation stages and mental health of Korean male immigrants in the United States. International Migration Review, 3(3), 456–479.
   Google Scholar
• Jang, Y., Kim, G., & Chiriboga, D. (2006). Correlates of sense of control among older Korean-American immigrants: Financial status, physical health constraints, and environmental challenges. Aging and Human Development, 3(3), 173–186.
   Google Scholar
• Jenkinson, C., Coulter, A., & Wright, L. (1993). Short form 36 (SF 36) health survey questionnaire: Normative data for adults of working age. British Medical Journal, 3(6890), 1437–1440.
   Google Scholar
• Kang, S. Y. (2006). Predictors of emotional strain among spouse and adult child caregivers. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 3(1/2), 107–131.
   Google Scholar
• Kang, S. Y., Domanski, M. D., & Moon, S. S. (2009). Ethnic enclave resources and predictors of depression among Arizona's Korean immigrant elders. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 3(5), 489–502.
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan, H. I., & Sadock, B. J. (1998). Kaplan and Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences, clinical psychiatry. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
   Google Scholar
• Kauh, T. O. (1999). Changing status and roles of older Korean immigrants in the United States. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 3(3), 213–229.
   Google Scholar
• Kendler, K. S., Liu, X. Q., Gardner, C. O., McCullough, M. E., Larson, D., & Prescott, C. A. (2003). Dimensions of religiosity and their relationship to lifetime psychiatric and substance use disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 3(3), 496–503.
   Google Scholar
• Kiefer, C. W., Kim, S. K., Choi, K., Kim, L., Kim, B., Shown, S., … Kim, T. (1985). Adjustment problems of Korean American elderly. The Gerontologist, 3(5), 477–482.
   Google Scholar
• Koh, J., & Bell, W. (1987). Korean elders in the United States: Intergenerational relations and living arrangements. The Gerontologist, 3(1), 66–76.
   Google Scholar
• Kuo, W. H. (1984). Prevalence of depression among Asian-Americans. Journal of Nervous Mental Disorders, 3(8), 449–457.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, H. Y., Moon, A., & Knight, B. G. (2004). Depression among elderly Korean immigrants: Exploring socio-cultural factors. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 3(4), 1–26.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, K. H., Besthorn, F. H., Bolin, B. L., & Jun, J. S. (2012). Stress, spiritual, and support coping, and psychological well-being among older adults in assisted living. Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought, 3(4), 328–347.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Y. M. (2007). The immigration experience among elderly Korean immigrants. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 3(4), 403–410.
   Google Scholar
• McCormick, D. P., Holder, B., Wetsel, M. A., & Cawthon, T. W. (2001). Spirituality and HIV disease: An integrated perspective. The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 3(3), 58–65.
   Google Scholar
• Mertler, C. A., & Vannatta, R. A. (2002). Advanced and multivariate statistical methods: Practical application and interpretation (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Pyrczak Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Michael, Y. L., Berkman, L. F., Colditz, G. A., & Kawachi, I. (2001). Living arrangements, social integration and change in functional health status. American Journal of Epidemiology, 3(2), 123–131.
   Google Scholar
• Min, P. G. (2001). Changes in Korean immigrants' gender role and social status, and their marital conflicts. Sociological Forum, 3(2), 301–320.
   Google Scholar
• Min, J. W., Moon, A., & Lubben, J. E. (2005). Determinants of psychological distress over time among older Korean immigrants and non-wave panel study. Aging & Mental Health, 3(3), 210–222.
   Google Scholar
• Mirowsky, J., Ross, C. E., & Reynolds, J. (2000). Social status and health status. In C. E. Bird, P. Conrad, & A. M. Fremont (Eds.), Handbook of medical sociology (pp. 47–67). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Moon, J. H., & Pearl, J. H. (1991). Alienation of elderly Korean American immigrants as related to place of residence, gender, age, years of education, time in the U.S., living with or without children, and living with or without a spouse. International Journal of Human Development, 3(2), 115–124.
   Google Scholar
• Mui, A. C. (1996). Depression among elderly Chinese immigrants: An exploratory study. Social Work, 3(6), 633–645.
   Google Scholar
• Mui, A. C. (1998). Living alone and depression among older Chinese immigrants. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 3(3/4), 147–166.
   Google Scholar
• Mui, A. C. (2001). Stress, coping, and depression among elderly Korean immigrants. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 3(3/4), 281–299.
   Google Scholar
• Mui, A. C., Burnette, D., & Chen, L. M. (2001). Cross-cultural assessment of geriatric depression: A review of the CES-D and the GDS. Journal of Mental Health and Aging, 3(1), 137–164.
   Google Scholar
• Mui, A. C., & Kang, S. K. (2006). Acculturation stress and depression among Asian American elders. Social Work, 3(3), 243–255.
   Google Scholar
• Oh, Y., Koeske, G. F., & Sales, E. (2002). Acculturation, stress, and depressive symptoms among Korean immigrants in the United States. Journal of Social Psychology, 3(4), 511–526.
   Google Scholar
• Pang, K. (1998). Symptoms of depression in elderly Korean immigrants: Narration and the healing process. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 3(1), 93–122.
   Google Scholar
• Rajagopal, D., Mackenzie, E., Bailey, C., & Lavizzo-Mourey, R. (2002). The effectiveness of a spiritually-based intervention for relieving subsyndromal anxiety and minor depression in older adults. Journal of Religion and Health, 3(2), 153–166.
   Google Scholar
• Ron, P. (2004). Depression, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation among the elderly: A comparison between men and women living in nursing homes and in the community. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 3(2/3), 97–116.
   Google Scholar
• Rubin, A., & Babbie, E. (2008). Essential research methods for social work (6th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole.
   Google Scholar
• Schieman, S. (2001). Age, education, and the sense of control: A test of the cumulative advantage hypothesis. Research on Aging, 3(2), 153–178.
   Google Scholar
• Sikorska, E. (1999). Organizational determinants of resident satisfaction with assisted living. The Gerontologist, 3(4), 450–456.
   Google Scholar
• Sowell, R., Moneyham, L., Hennessy, M., Guillory, J., Demi, A., & Seals, B. (2000). Spiritual activities as a resistance resource for women with human immunodeficiency virus. Nursing Research, 3(2), 73–82.
   Google Scholar
• Stokes, S. Thompson, L.W., Murphy, S., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. (2001). Screening for depression in immigrant Chinese-American elders: Results of a pilot study. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 3(1/2), 27–44.
   Google Scholar
• Stroebe, M., & Schut, H. (1999). The dual process model of coping with bereavement: Rationale and description. Death Studies, 3(3), 197–224.
   Google Scholar
• Tudiver, F., Hilditch, J., Permaul, J. A., & McKendree, D. J. (1992). Does mutual help facilitate newly bereaved widowers? Evaluation & the Health Professions, 3(2), 147–162.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau. (2008a). 2005-2007 American community survey. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/acs/www/data_documentation/2008_release/
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau. (2008b). Projected population by single year of age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin for the United States: July 1, 2000 to July 1, 2050. Retrieved from http://www.aoa.gov/aoaroot/aging_statistics/future_growth/future_growth.aspx#hispanic
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau. (2011). Current population survey, annual social and economic supplement. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/population/age/data/2011.html
   Google Scholar
• Williams, M., Unrau, Y. A., & Grinnell, R. M. (2003). Research methods for social workers. Peosta, IA: Eddie Bowers Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Winzelberg, G. S, Williams, C. S., Preisser, J. S., Zimmerman, S., & Sloane, P. D. (2005). Factors associated with nursing assistant quality-of-life ratings for residents with dementia in long-term care facilities, The Gerontologist, 45(1), 106–114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, S. T., Yoo, G. J., & Stewart, A. L. (2005). Examining the types of social support and the actual sources of social support in older Chinese and Koreans. International Journal of Health and Human Development, 3(2), 105–121.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, T., & Serper, M. R. (1999). Social support and psychopathology in homeless patients presenting for emergency psychiatric treatment. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 3(9), 1127–1133.
   Google Scholar
• Yamamoto, J., Rhee, S., & Chang, D. S. (1994). Psychiatric disorder among elderly Koreans in the United States. Community Mental Health Journal, 3(1), 17–27.
   Google Scholar
• Yoon, D. P., & Lee, E. O. (2004). Religiousness/spirituality and subjective well-being among rural elderly whites, African Americans, and Native Americans. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 3(1), 191–211.
   Google Scholar
• Yoon, D. P., & Lee, E. O. (2007). The impact of religiousness, spirituality, and social support on psychological well-being among older adults in rural areas. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 48(3/4), 281–298.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu, E., Choe, P., & Han, S. I. (2002). Korean population in the United States, 2000 demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status. International Journal of Korean Studies, 3(1), 71–108.
   Google Scholar
• Zimet, G. D., Davlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). Multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 3(1), 30–41.
   Google Scholar