Family Caregiver Support Interventions’ Effectiveness Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

References

• Adelman, R. D., Tmanova, L. L., Delgado, D., Dion, S., & Lachs, M. S. (2014). Caregiver burden: A clinical review. Jama, 311(10), 1052–1060. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akiya, K., Fisher, E., Wells, A., Li, Y., Peck, C., & Pagán, J. A. (2021). Aligning health care and social services to reduce hospitalizations and emergency department visits: An evaluation of the community care connections program. Medical Care, 59(8), 671–678. doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000001578
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashcroft, R., Sur, D., Greenblatt, A., & Donahue, P. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social workers at the frontline: A survey of Canadian social workers. The British Journal of Social Work, 52(3), 1724–1746. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcab158
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakitas, M. A., Dionne-Odom, J. N., Ejem, D. B., Wells, R., Azuero, A. … Pamboukian, S. V. (2020). Effect of an early palliative care telehealth intervention vs usual care on patients with heart failure: The enable CHF-PC randomized clinical trial. JAMA Internal Medicine, 180(9), 1203–1213. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2861
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhatt, A. S., Moscone, A., McElrath, E. E., Varshney, A. S., Claggett, B. L. … Vaduganathan, M. (2020). Fewer hospitalizations for acute cardiovascular conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 76(3), 280–288. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.05.038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borges-Machado, F., Barros, D., Ribeiro, Ó., & Carvalho, J. (2020). The effects of COVID-19 home confinement in dementia care: Physical and cognitive decline, severe neuropsychiatric symptoms and increased caregiving burden. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease & Other Dementias, 35, 1533317520976720. doi:10.1177/1533317520976720
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bronstein, L. R., Gould, P., Berkowitz, S. A., James, G. D., & Marks, K. (2015). Impact of a social work care coordination intervention on hospital readmission: A randomized controlled trial. Social Work, 60(3), 248–255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceban, F., Nogo, D., Carvalho, I. P., Lee, Y., Nasri, F., Xiong, J. … McIntyre, R. S. (2021). Association between mood disorders and risk of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry, 78(10), 1079–1091. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.1818
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakravarthy, V., Ryan, M. J., Jaffer, A., Golden, R., McClenton, R., & Johnson, T. J. (2018). Efficacy of a transition clinic on hospital readmissions. The American Journal of Medicine, 131(2), 178–184. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.08.037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chovanec, K., & Howard, N. R. (2021). Acute care management during a pandemic. Professional Case Management, 26(1), 11–18. doi:10.1097/ncm.0000000000000467
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen, S. A., Kunicki, Z. J., Drohan, M. M., & Greaney, M. L. (2021). Exploring changes in caregiver burden and caregiving intensity due to COVID-19. Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, 7, 2333721421999279. doi:10.1177/2333721421999279
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, G., Russo, M. J., Campos, J. A., & Allegri, R. F. (2020). Living with dementia: Increased level of caregiver stress in times of COVID-19. International Psychogeriatrics, 32(11), 1377–1381. doi:10.1017/s1041610220001593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhavale, P., Koparkar, A., & Fernandes, P. (2020). Palliative care interventions from a social work perspective and the challenges faced by patients and caregivers during COVID-19. Indian Journal of Palliative Care, 26(Suppl 1), S58. doi:10.4103/IJPC.IJPC_149_20
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dionne-Odom, J. N., Williams, G. R., Warren, P. P., Tims, S., Huang, C. H. S., & Tucker, R. (2021). Implementing a clinic-based telehealth support service (FamilyStrong) for family caregivers of individuals with grade IV brain tumors. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 24(3), 347–353. doi:10.1089/jpm.2020.0178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrell, B., & Wittenberg, E. (2017). A review of family caregiving intervention trials in oncology. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 67(4), 318–325. doi:10.3322/caac.21396
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer, R., & Milfont, T. L. (2010). Standardization in psychological research. International Journal of Psychological Research, 3(1), 88–96. doi:10.21500/20112084.852
   Google Scholar
• Friesen, K. A., Weiss, J. A., Howe, S. J., Kerns, C. M., & McMorris, C. A. (2021). Mental health and resilient coping in caregivers of Autistic individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from the families facing COVID study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52(7), 1–11. doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05177-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gort, A. M., Mingot, M., Gomez, X., Soler, T., Torres, G., & Cabau, J. (2007). Use of the Zarit scale for assessing caregiver burden and collapse in caregiving at home in dementias. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: A Journal of the Psychiatry of Late Life and Allied Sciences, 22(10), 957–962. doi:10.1002/gps.1770
   Google Scholar
• Griffin, J. M., Malcolm, C., Wright, P., Hagel Campbell, E., Kabat, M., Bangerter, A. K., & Sayer, N. A. (2017). US veteran health care utilization increases after caregivers’ use of national caregiver telephone support line. Health & Social Work, 42(2), e111–e119. doi:10.1093/hsw/hlx016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heist, T., Schwartz, K., & Butler, S. (2021). Trends in overall and non-covid-19 hospital admissions. Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/health-costs/issue-brief/trends-in-overall-and-non-covid-19-hospital-admissions/
   Google Scholar
• Honea, N. J., Brintnall, R., Given, B., Sherwood, P., Colao, D. B., Somers, S. C., & Northouse, L. L. (2008). Putting evidence into practice®: Nursing assessment and interventions to reduce family caregiver strain and burden. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 12(3), 507–516. doi:10.1188/08.cjon.507-516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irani, E., Hickman, R. L., Jr, & Niyomyart, A. (2021). Family caregivers’ experiences and changes in caregiving tasks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical Nursing Research, 30(7), 1088–1097. doi:10.1177/10547738211014211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuntz, J. G., Kavalieratos, D., Esper, G. J., Ogbu, N., Mitchell, J., Ellis, C. M., & Quest, T. (2020). Feasibility and acceptability of inpatient palliative care e-family meetings during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 60(3), e28–e32. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.06.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linton, K. F. (2020). Latina/O and non-latina/o brain injury and dementia patients’ and caregivers’ health: An actor/partner interdependence model. Brain Impairment, 21(3), 237–246. doi:10.1017/BrImp.2020.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linton, K. F., Ing, M. M., Vento, M. A., & Nakagawa, K. (2015). From discharge planner to “concierge”: Recommendations for hospital social work by clients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Social Work in Public Health, 30(6), 486–495. doi:10.1080/19371918.2015.1058730
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linton, K. F., & Kim, B. J. (2018). A pilot study of Trabajadora de Salud, a lay health worker intervention for Latinas/os with traumatic brain injuries and their caregivers. Disability and Health Journal, 11(1), 161–164. doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.04.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little, T. D. (2013). Longitudinal structural equation modeling (methodology in the social sciences). New York City, USA: The GuilfordPress.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, Z., Heffernan, C., & Tan, J. (2020). Caregiver burden: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 7(4), 438–445. doi:10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.07.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loh, A. Z., Tan, J. S., Zhang, M. W., & Ho, R. C. (2017). The global prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among caregivers of stroke survivors. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 18(2), 111–116. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2016.08.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Hartmann, M., Wens, J., Verhoeven, V., & Remmen, R. (2012). The effect of caregiver support interventions for informal caregivers of community-dwelling frail elderly: A systematic review. International Journal of Integrated Care, 12(5).10.5334/ijic.845
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen-Huynh, M. N., Tang, X. N., Vinson, D. R., Flint, A. C., Alexander, J. G., & Klingman, J. G. (2020). Acute stroke presentation, care, and outcomes in community hospitals in Northern California during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stroke, 51(10), 2918–2924. doi:10.1161/strokeaha.120.031099
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichols, L. O., Martindale-Adams, J., Burns, R., Graney, M. J., & Zuber, J. (2011). Translation of a dementia caregiver support program in a health care system—REACH VA. Archives of Internal Medicine, 171(4), 353–359. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.548
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohta, R., & Yata, A. (2021). The revitalization of “osekkai”: How the COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the importance of Japanese voluntary social work. Qualitative Social Work, 20(1–2), 423–432. doi:10.1177/1473325020973343
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onega, L. L. (2008). Helping those who help others: The modified caregiver strain index. AJN the American Journal of Nursing, 108(9), 62–69. doi:10.1097/01.naj.0000334528.90459.9a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papastavrou, E., Kalokerinou, A., Papacostas, S. S., Tsangari, H., & Sourtzi, P. (2007). Caring for a relative with dementia: Family caregiver burden. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 58(5), 446–457. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04250.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues, R., Simmons, C., Schmidt, A. E., & Steiber, N. (2021). Care in times of COVID-19: The impact of the pandemic on informal caregiving in Austria. European Journal of Ageing, 18(2), 195–205. doi:10.1007/s10433-021-00611-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy, S., Ayalon, L., & Carr, D. S. (2021). “Goodness and kindness”: Long-distance caregiving through volunteers during the COVID-19 lockdown in India. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 76(7), e281–e289. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbaa187
   Google Scholar
• Russell, B. S., Hutchison, M., Tambling, R., Tomkunas, A. J., & Horton, A. L. (2020). Initial challenges of caregiving during COVID-19: Caregiver burden, mental health, and the parent–child relationship. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 51(5), 671–682. doi:10.1007/s10578-020-01037-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sallim, A. B., Sayampanathan, A. A., Cuttilan, A., & Ho, R. C. M. (2015). Prevalence of mental health disorders among caregivers of patients with Alzheimer disease. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 16(12), 1034–1041. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2015.09.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAS Enterprise Miner 13.1. (2013). Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Savla, J., Roberto, K. A., Blieszner, R., McCann, B. R., Hoyt, E., Knight, A. L., & Carr, D. S. (2021). Dementia caregiving during the “stay-at-home” phase of COVID-19 pandemic. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 76(4), e241–e245. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbaa129
   Google Scholar
• Seng, B. K., Luo, N., Ng, W. Y., Lim, J., Chionh, H. L., Goh, J., & Yap, P. (2010). Validity and reliability of the Zarit burden interview in assessing caregiving burden. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 39(10), 758–763. doi:10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.V39N10p758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherwood, P. R., Given, C. W., Given, B. A., & von Eye, A. (2005). Caregiver burden and depressive symptoms: Analysis of common outcomes in caregivers of elderly patients. Journal of Aging and Health, 17(2), 125–147. doi:10.1177/0898264304274179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheth, K., Lorig, K., Stewart, A., Parodi, J. F., & Ritter, P. L. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 on informal caregivers and the development and validation of a scale in English and Spanish to measure the impact of COVID-19 on caregivers. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 40(3), 235–243. doi:10.1177/0733464820971511
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stokes, J. E., & Patterson, S. E. (2020). Intergenerational relationships, family caregiving policy, and COVID-19 in the United States. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 32(4–5), 416–424. doi:10.1080/08959420.2020.1770031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thornton, M., & Travis, S. S. (2003). Analysis of the reliability of the modified caregiver strain index. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 58(2), S127–S132. doi:10.1093/geronb/58.2.s127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Titler, M. G., Visovatti, M. A., Shuman, C., Ellis, K. R., Banerjee, T. … Northouse, L. (2017). Effectiveness of implementing a dyadic psychoeducational intervention for cancer patients and family caregivers. Supportive Care in Cancer, 25(11), 3395–3406. doi:10.1007/s00520-017-3758-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C., Chudzicka-Czupała, A., Tee, M. L., Núñez, M. I. L., Tripp, C., Fardin, M. A., & Sears, S. F. (2021). A chain mediation model on COVID-19 symptoms and mental health outcomes in Americans, Asians and Europeans. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1–12. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85943-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C., Tee, M., Roy, A. E., Fardin, M. A., Srichokchatchawan, W., Habib, H. A., & Kuruchittham, V. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health of Asians: A study of seven middle-income countries in Asia. PLoS One, 16(2), e0246824. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss, E. F., Malik, R., Santos, T., Ceide, M., Cohen, J., Verghese, J., & Zwerling, J. L. (2021). Telehealth for the cognitively impaired older adult and their caregivers: Lessons from a coordinated approach. Neurodegenerative Disease Management, 11(1), 83–89. doi:10.2217/nmt-2020-0041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodward, A. T., Fritz, M. C., Hughes, A. K., Coursaris, C. K., Swierenga, S. J., Freddolino, P. P., & Reeves, M. J. (2021). Effect of transitional care stroke case management interventions on caregiver outcomes: The MISTT randomized trial. Social Work in Health Care, 60(10), 1–14. doi:10.1080/00981389.2021.2009958
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiang, X., Zuverink, A., Rosenberg, W., & Mahmoudi, E. (2019). Social work-based transitional care intervention for super utilizers of medical care: A retrospective analysis of the bridge model for super utilizers. Social Work in Health Care, 58(1), 126–141. doi:10.1080/00981389.2018.1547345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiong, J., Lipsitz, O., Nasri, F., Lui, L. M., Gill, H., & McIntyre, R. S. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 55–64. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zarit, S. H., Bangerter, L. R., Liu, Y., & Rovine, M. J. (2016). Exploring the benefits of respite services to family caregivers: Methodological issues and current findings. Aging & Mental Health, 21(3), 224–231. doi:10.1080/13607863.2015.1128881
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zarit, S. H., Reever, K. E., & Bach-Peterson, J. (1980). Relatives of the impaired elderly: Correlates of feelings of burden. The Gerontologist, 20(6), 649–655. doi:10.1093/geront/20.6.649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar