References
- Allington , R.L. 1980 . Poor readers don't get to read much in reading groups . Language Arts , 57 : 872 – 876 .
- Allington , R.L. and Rouikou , K.A. 1988 . Development of shared knowledge: A new role for classroom and specialist teachers . The Reading Teacher , 41 (8) : 806 – 811 .
- Allington , R.L. , Stuetzel , H. , Shake , M. and Lamarche , S. 1986 . What is remedial reading? A descriptive study . Reading Research and Instruction , 26 (1) : 15 – 30 .
- Anderson , R.C. , Osborn , J. and Tiemey , R.J. , eds. 1984 . Learning to read in American schools: Basal readers and content texts. , Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
- Brown , M.H. , Cromer , P.S. and Weinberg , S.H. 1986 . Shared book experiences in kindergarten: Helping children come to literacy . Early Childhood Research Quarterly , 1 : 397 – 405 .
- Bryant , N.D. 1975 . Diagnostic Test of Basic Decoding Skills , New York : Teachers College, Columbia University .
- Cohen , J. and Cohen , P. 1983 . Applied multiple regression/correlation analyses for the behavioral sciences , Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
- Gaskins , R.W. 1988 . The missing ingredients: Time on task, direct instruction, and writing . The Reading Teacher , 41 (8) : 750 – 755 .
- Goodman , K. 1986 . What's whole in whole language? , Portsmouth, NH : Heinemann .
- Juel , C. 1988 . Learning to read and write. A longitudinal study of 54 children from first through fourth grades . Journal of Educational Psychology , 80 : 437 – 447 .
- Juel , C , Griffith , P.L. and Gough , P.B. 1986 . Acquisition of literacy: A longitudinal study of children in first and second grade . Journal of Educational Psychology , 78 : 243 – 255 .
- Larsen , C. and Hammill , D.D. 1976 . Test of Written Spelling. , San Rafael, CA : Academic Therapy .
- Lundberg , I. , Frost , J. and Petersen , O. 1988 . Effects of an extensive program for stimulating phonological awareness in preschool children . Reading Research Quarterly , 23 : 263 – 284 .
- MacGinitie , W.H. 1978 . Gates‐MacGinitie Reading Tests Basic R, Form 1 , Boston : Houghton Mifflin .
- Mitchell , J.V. 1985 . The ninth mental measurements yearbook , Lincoln, NE : The University of Nebraska Press .
- Ribowsky , H. 1985 . The effects of a code emphasis approach and a whole language approach upon emergent literacy of kindergarten children. , Report No. CS‐008–397 (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 269 720)
- Roper/Schneider , H.D.W. 1984 . Spelling, word recognition, and phonemic awareness among first grade children , Austin : University of Texas . Unpublished doctoral dissertation
- Reutzel , D.R. and Cooter , R.B. in press . Whole language: Comparative effects on first grade reading achievement . Journal of Educational Research. ,
- Stahl , S.A. and Miller , P.D. 1989 . Whole language and language experience approaches for beginning reading: A quantitative research synthesis . Review of Educational Research , 59 : 87 – 116 .
- Stanovich , K.E. 1986 . Matthew effects in reading: Some consequences of individual differences in the acquisition of literacy . Reading Research Quarterly , 21 : 360 – 407 .
- Tabachnick , B.G. and Fidell , L.S. 1989 . Using multivariate statistics. , New York : Harper and Row .
- Temple , C and Glllet , J.W. 1984 . Language arts learning processes and teaching practices. , Boston : Little, Brown .
- Temple , C , Nathan , R. , Burris , N. and Temple , F. 1988 . The beginnings of writing , Boston : Allyn and Bacon .
- Tunmer , W.E. and Nesdale , A.R. 1985 . Phonemic segmentation skill and beginning reading . Journal of Educational Psychology , 77 : 417 – 427 .
- Weaver , C. 1988 . Reading process and practice , Portsmouth, NH : Heinemann .