467
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Selection of Outbound Package Tours: The Case of Senior Citizens in Hong Kong

选择出境旅行团—以香港长者为例

, , &
Pages 450-468 | Published online: 20 Nov 2012

References

  • Ahmed , Z. U. and Krohn , F. B. 1992 . Understanding the unique consumer behavior of Japanese tourists . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 1 ( 3 ) : 73 – 86 .
  • Andereck , K. L. 2005 . Evaluation of a tourist brochure . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 18 ( 2 ) : 1 – 13 .
  • Anderson , B. and Langmeyer , L. 1982 . The under-50 and over-50 traveler: A profile of similarities and differences . Journal of Travel Research , 20 ( 4 ) : 20 – 24 .
  • Bao, J. (2005). Going with the flow: China travel journalism in change (PhD thesis, Creative Industries Research & Applications Centre, Queensland University of Technology). http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16185/1/Jiannu_Bao_Thesis.pdf (http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16185/1/Jiannu_Bao_Thesis.pdf)
  • Berry , L. 1995 . Relationship marketing of services—Growing interest, emerging perspectives . Journal of Academy of Marketing Science , 23 ( 4 ) : 236 – 245 .
  • Blazey , M. 1992 . Travel and retirement status . Annals of Tourism Research , 19 ( 4 ) : 771 – 783 .
  • Bond , M. H. 1986 . “ The social psychology of Chinese people ” . In The psychology of the Chinese people , Edited by: Bond , M. H. 213 – 266 . New York , NY : Oxford University Press .
  • Burke , J. and Resnick , B. 2000 . Marketing and selling the travel product , 2nd , Albany , NY : Delmar .
  • Census & Statistics Department . 2006a . The thematic report: Older persons , Hong Kong , , China : Government Information Services .
  • Census & Statistics Department . 2006b . Thematic household survey report No. 16 , Hong Kong , , China : Government Information Services .
  • Chan , C. M. , David , P. , Fong , M. S. and Wong , H. Y. 2005 . An exploratory study on the significance of outbound travelling for the older persons in Hong Kong , Hong Kong , , China : Asia–Pacific Institute of Ageing Studies, Lingnan University .
  • Chen , S. C. and Gassner , M. 2012 . An investigation of the demographic, psychological, psychographic, and behavioral characteristics of Chinese senior leisure travelers . Journal of China Tourism Research , 8 ( 2 ) : 123 – 145 .
  • Chen , X. and Silverstein , M. 2000 . Intergenerational social support and the psychological well-being of older parents in China . Research on Aging , 22 ( 1 ) : 43 – 65 .
  • Crowne , D. P. and Marlowe , D. 1960 . A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology . Journal of Consulting Psychology , 24 ( 4 ) : 349 – 354 .
  • Deng , W. 2007 . Using a revised importance—Performance analysis approach: The case of Taiwanese hot springs tourism . Tourism Management , 28 ( 5 ) : 1274 – 1284 .
  • de Souto , M. S. 1985 . Group travel operations manual , Albany , NY : Delmar Publishers .
  • Enoch , Y. 1996 . Contents of tour packages: A cross-cultural comparison . Annals of Tourism Research , 23 ( 3 ) : 599 – 616 .
  • The Epoch Times. (2012, July 27). Hong Kong's people have longest average life expectancy of 80 plus. http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/12/7/27/n3644898.htm (http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/12/7/27/n3644898.htm)
  • Goeldner , C. R. and Ritchie , J. R. 2003 . Tourism: Principles, practices, philosophies , Hoboken , NJ : John Wiley & Sons .
  • Heung , C. S. and Chu , R. 2000 . Important factors affecting Hong Kong consumers' choice of a travel agency for all-inclusive package tours . Journal of Travel Research , 39 ( 1 ) : 52 – 59 .
  • Hofstede , G. 1980 . Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values , London , , England : Sage Publications .
  • Hofstede , G. 1983 . The cultural relativity of organizational practices and theories [Special issue] . Journal of International Business Studies , 14 ( 2 ) : 75 – 89 .
  • Hofstede , G. 1993 . Cultural constraints in management theories . The Academy of Management Executive , 7 ( 1 ) : 81 – 94 .
  • Hofstede , G. and Bond , M. H. 1988 . The Confucian connection: From cultural roots to economic growth . Organization Dynamics , 16 ( 4 ) : 4 – 21 .
  • Hong Kong Tourism Board . 2009 . A statistical review of Hong Kong tourism 2008 , Hong Kong , , China : Hong Kong Tourism Board .
  • Hruschka , H. and Mazanec , J. 1990 . Computer-assisted travel counseling . Annals of Tourism Research , 17 ( 2 ) : 208 – 227 .
  • Hsieh , M. H. , Pan , S. H. and Setiono , R. 2004 . Product-, corporate-, and country-image dimensions and purchase behavior: A multicountry analysis . Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science , 32 ( 3 ) : 251 – 270 .
  • Hsu , C. H. C. , Cai , L. A. and Wong , K. K. F. 2007 . A model of senior tourism motivations—Anecdotes from Beijing and Shanghai . Tourism Management , 28 ( 7 ) : 1262 – 1273 .
  • Huang , L. and Tsai , H. T. 2003 . The study of senior traveler behavior in Taiwan . Tourism Management , 24 ( 5 ) : 561 – 574 .
  • Jang , S. and Wu , C. M. E. 2006 . Seniors' travel motivation and the influential factors: An examination of Taiwanese seniors . Tourism Management , 27 ( 2 ) : 306 – 316 .
  • Javalgi , R. , Thomas , E. and Rao , S. 1992 . Consumer behavior in the U.S. pleasure travel marketplace: An analysis of senior and nonsenior travelers . Journal of Travel Research , 31 ( 2 ) : 14 – 19 .
  • Kaynak , E. and Kucukemiroglu , O. 1993 . Foreign vacation selection process in an Oriental culture . Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing & Logistics , 1 ( 5 ) : 21 – 41 .
  • Kim , N. and Chalip , L. 2004 . Why travel to the FIFA World Cup? Effects of motives, background, interest and constraints . Tourism Management , 25 ( 6 ) : 695 – 707 .
  • Lee , B. D. 2005 . Motives, behaviors, and attachments: A comparative study between older travelers and younger travelers in a national scenic area (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database. (Accession Order No. 3172985)
  • Lee , S. H. and Tideswell , C. 2005 . Understanding attitudes towards leisure travel and the constraints faced by senior Koreans . Journal of Vacation Marketing , 11 ( 3 ) : 249 – 263 .
  • Lindqvist , L. J. and Bjork , P. B. 2000 . Perceived safety as an important quality dimension among senior tourists . Tourism Economics , 6 ( 2 ) : 151 – 158 .
  • Littrell , M. , Paige , R. and Song , K. 2004 . Senior travelers: Tourism activities and shopping behaviours . Journal of Vacation Marketing , 10 ( 4 ) : 348 – 362 .
  • Lo , A. and Lam , T. 2004 . Long-haul and short-haul outbound all-inclusive package tours . Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research , 9 ( 2 ) : 161 – 176 .
  • Lohmann , M. and Danielsson , J. 2001 . Predicting travel patterns of senior citizens: How the past may provide a key to the future . Journal of Vacation Marketing , 7 ( 4 ) : 357 – 366 .
  • Luborsky , M. R. and McMullen , C. K. 1999 . “ Culture and aging ” . In Gerontology: An interdisciplinary perspective , Edited by: Cavanaugh , J. C. and Whitbourne , S. K. 65 – 90 . New York , NY : Oxford University Press .
  • Metro Daily. (2009a, February 20). Hong Kong millionaire—Housewife come up second. http://www.metrohk.com.hk/index.php (http://www.metrohk.com.hk/index.php)
  • Metro Daily. (2009b, February 18). Senior citizen has great market potential in cruise tourism. http://www.metrohk.com.hk/index.php (http://www.metrohk.com.hk/index.php)
  • Milman , A. 1998 . The impact of tourism and travel experience on senior travelers' psychological well-being . Journal of Travel Research , 37 ( 2 ) : 166 – 170 .
  • Mok , C. and Armstrong , R. 1995 . Leisure travel destination choice criteria of Hong Kong residents . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 4 ( 1 ) : 99 – 104 .
  • Mok , C. and DeFranco , A. L. 1999 . Chinese cultural values: Their implications for travel and tourism marketing . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 8 ( 2 ) : 99 – 114 .
  • Muller , T. E. and O'Cass , A. 2001 . Targeting the young at heart: Seeing senior vacationers the way they see themselves . Journal of Vacation Marketing , 7 ( 4 ) : 285 – 301 .
  • Ng , E. , Cassidy , F. and Brown , S. July 2006 . An exploratory study on consumer travel agency information sources: An Australian regional analysis , July , Singapore : Paper presented at the International Conference on Business and Information .
  • Patterson , I. 1996 . Growing older: Tourism and leisure behaviour of older adults , Wallingford , , England : CABI Publishing .
  • Pizam , A. and Jeong , G. H. 1996 . Cross-cultural behavior: Perception of Korean tour guides . Tourism Management , 4 ( 4 ) : 277 – 286 .
  • Plog , S. C. 2001 . Why destination areas rise and fall in popularity . Cornell Hotel & Restaurant Administration Quarterly , 42 ( 3 ) : 13 – 16 .
  • Qu , H. and Wong , E. Y. P. 1999 . A service performance model of Hong Kong cruise travelers' motivation factors and satisfaction . Tourism Management , 20 ( 2 ) : 237 – 244 .
  • Reimer , G. D. 1990 . Package dreams: Canadian tour operators at work . Annals of Tourism Research , 17 ( 4 ) : 501 – 512 .
  • Richardson , S. L. and Crompton , J. 1988 . Vacation patterns of French and English Canadians . Annals of Tourism Research , 15 ( 4 ) : 430 – 448 .
  • Shoemaker , S. 1989 . Segmentation of the senior pleasure travel market . Journal of Travel Research , 27 ( 3 ) : 14 – 21 .
  • Shoemaker , S. 2000 . Segmenting the mature market: 10 years later . Journal of Travel Research , 39 ( 1 ) : 11 – 26 .
  • Sirakaya , E. and Woodside , A. G. 2005 . Building and testing theories of decision making by travelers . Tourism Management , 26 ( 6 ) : 815 – 832 .
  • Tan , E. S. 1981 . “ Culture-bound syndromes among overseas Chinese ” . In Normal and abnormal behaviour in Chinese Culture , Edited by: Kleinman , A. and Lin , T. Y. 371 – 386 . Dordrecht , , The Netherlands : D. Reidel Publishing Company .
  • Travel Industry Council of Hong Kong. (2009). Find a travel agent. http://www.tichk.org/public/website/en/index.html (http://www.tichk.org/public/website/en/index.html)
  • Tsang , E. W. K. 2001 . Internationalizing the family firm: A case study of a Chinese family business . Journal of Small Business Management , 39 ( 1 ) : 88 – 93 .
  • Tsang , N. K. F. 2011 . Dimensions of Chinese culture values in relation to service provision in hospitality and tourism industry . International Journal of Hospitality Management , 30 ( 3 ) : 670 – 679 .
  • Tse , D. K. , Belk , R. W. and Zhou , N. 1989 . Becoming a consumer society: A longitudinal and cross-cultural content analysis of print ads from Hong Kong, the People's Republic of China, and Taiwan . The Journal of Consumer Research , 15 ( 4 ) : 457 – 472 .
  • United Nations. (2002). World population ageing 1950–2050. http://www.un.org/en/index.shtml (http://www.un.org/en/index.shtml)
  • Wang , K. C. , Chen , J. S. and Chou , S. H. 2007 . Senior tourists' purchasing decisions in group package tour . Anatolia , 18 ( 1 ) : 139 – 154 .
  • Wang , Y. 2005 . An exploratory study on travel constructs in mature tourism (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database. (Accession Order No. 3183178)
  • Wong , S. and Lau , E. 2001 . Understanding the behavior of Hong Kong Chinese tourists on group tour packages . Journal of Travel Research , 40 ( 1 ) : 57 – 67 .
  • World Tourism Organization. (2001). Tourism 2020 vision: Global forecasts and profiles of market segments. http://www.unwto.org/index.php (http://www.unwto.org/index.php)
  • Xing , F. 1995 . The Chinese cultural system: Implications for cross-cultural management . SAM Advanced Management Journal , 60 ( 1 ) : 14 – 20 .
  • Yavas , U. 1987 . Foreign travel behavior in a growing vacation market: Implications for tourism marketers . European Journal of Marketing , 21 ( 5 ) : 57 – 69 .
  • Yuan , S. and McDonald , C. 1990 . Motivational determinates of international pleasure time . Journal of Travel Research , 29 ( 1 ) : 42 – 44 .
  • Zhang , H. Q. and Lam , T. 1999 . An analysis of mainland Chinese visitors' motivations to visit Hong Kong . Tourism Management , 20 ( 5 ) : 587 – 593 .
  • Zimmer , Z. , Brayley , R. E. and Searle , M. S. 1995 . Whether to go and where to go: Identification of important influences on seniors' decisions to travel . Journal of Travel Research , 33 ( 3 ) : 3 – 10 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.