Long-term mental health correlates of socialsupportive relationships in a lesbian, gay, and bisexual sample

References

• Allen, J. P., Hauser, S. T., Bell, K. L., & O’Connor, T. G. (1994). Longitudinal assessment of autonomy and relatedness in adolescent‐family interactions as predictors of adolescent ego development and self‐esteem. Child Development, 65(1), 179–194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Assor, A., Roth, G., & Deci, E. L. (2004). The emotional costs of parents’ conditional regard: A self-determination theory analysis. Journal of Personality, 72, 47–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baard, P. P., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2004). Intrinsic need satisfaction: A motivational basis of performance and well‐being in two work settings. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34(10), 2045–2068.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bargh, J. A., McKenna, K. Y., & Fitzsimons, G. M. (2002). Can you see the real me? Activation and expression of the “true self” on the Internet. Journal of Social Issues, 58(1), 33–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batson, C. D., Early, S., & Salvarani, G. (1997). Perspective taking: Imagining how another feels versus imaging how you would feel. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23(7), 751–758.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beals, K. P., Peplau, L. A., & Gable, S. L. (2009). Stigma management and well-being: The role of perceived social support, emotional processing, and suppression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(7), 867–879.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bostwick, W. B., Boyd, C. J., Hughes, T. L., & McCabe, S. E. (2010). Dimensions of sexual orientation and the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 100(3), 468–475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buck, N., & McFall, S. (2011). Understanding Society: Design overview. Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, 3(1), 5–17.
   Google Scholar
• Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P. R. (Eds). (2002). Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications. New York, NY: Rough Guides.
   Google Scholar
• Chakraborty, A., McManus, S., Brugha, T. S., Bebbington, P., & King, M. (2011). Mental health of the non-heterosexual population of England. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 198(2), 143–148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chirkov, V. I., & Ryan, R. M. (2001). Parent and teacher autonomy-support in Russian and US adolescents: Common effects on well-being and academic motivation. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 32(5), 618–635.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cochran, S. D., & Mays, V. M. (2009). Burden of psychiatric morbidity among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals in the California Quality of Life Survey. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118(3), 647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. (2004). Social relationships and health. American Psychologist, 59(8), 676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cole, S. W., Kemeny, M. E., Taylor, S. E., & Visscher, B. R. (1996). Elevated physical health risk among gay men who conceal their homosexual identity. Health Psychology, 15(4), 243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., La Guardia, J. G., Moller, A. C., Scheiner, M. J., & Ryan, R. M. (2006). On the benefits of giving as well as receiving autonomy support: Mutuality in close friendships. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(3), 313–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Motivation, personality, and development within embedded social contexts: An overview of self-determination theory. The Oxford handbook of human motivation, 85–107. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., Schwartz, A. J., Sheinman, L., & Ryan, R. M. (1981). An instrument to assess adults’ orientations toward control versus autonomy with children: Reflections on intrinsic motivation and perceived competence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 73(5), 642.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derlaga, V. J., & Berg, J. H. (Eds.). (1987). Self-disclosure: Theory, research, and therapy. Springer Science & Business Media. New York, NY: US.
   Google Scholar
• Detrie, P. M., & Lease, S. H. (2007). The relation of social support, connectedness, and collective self-esteem to the psychological well-being of lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth. Journal of Homosexuality, 53(4), 173–199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolan, P., Peasgood, T., & White, M. (2008). Do we really know what makes us happy? A review of the economic literature on the factors associated with subjective well-being. Journal of Economic Psychology, 29(1), 94–122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franzoi, S. L., Davis, M. H., & Young, R. D. (1985). The effects of private self-consciousness and perspective taking on satisfaction in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(6), 1584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fredriksen-Goldsen, K. I., Kim, H. J., Barkan, S. E., Muraco, A., & Hoy-Ellis, C. P. (2013). Health disparities among lesbian, gay, and bisexual older adults: Results from a population-based study. American Journal of Public Health, 103(10), 1802–1809.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg, D., & Williams, P. (2006). A user’s guide to the General Health Questionnaire. GL assessment. Windsor: UK
   Google Scholar
• Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire: A technique for the identification and assessment of non-psychotic illness. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goldfried, M. R., & Goldfried, A. P. (2001). The importance of parental support in the lives of gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 57(5), 681–693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldsmith, D. J., & Fitch, K. (1997). The normative context of advice as social support. Human Communication Research, 23(4), 454–476.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldstein, N. J., Vezich, I. S., & Shapiro, J. R. (2014). Perceived perspective taking: When others walk in our shoes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 106(6), 941.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham, J. M., & Barnow, Z. B. (2013). Stress and social support in gay, lesbian, and heterosexual couples: Direct effects and buffering models. Journal of Family Psychology, 27(4), 569–578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, R. J., & Mitchell, V. (2008). Gay and lesbian couples in therapy: Minority stress, relational ambiguity, and families of choice. In A. S. Gurman (Ed.), Clinical handbook of couple therapy (pp. pp. 662–680). New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Greene, K., Derlega, V. J., & Mathews, A. (2006). Self-disclosure in personal relationships. The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships, 409–427. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Grossman, A. H., D’Augelli, A. R., & Hershberger, S. L. (2000). Social support networks of lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults 60 years of age and older. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 55(3), P171–P179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hankins, M. (2008). The reliability of the twelve-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) under realistic assumptions. BMC Public Health, 8(1), 355.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hoeymans, N., Garssen, A. A., Westert, G. P., & Verhaak, P. F. (2004). Measuring mental health of the Dutch population: A comparison of the GHQ-12 and the MHI-5. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2(1), 23.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., & Layton, J. B. (2010). Social relationships and mortality risk: A meta-analytic review. PLoS Medicine, 7(7), e1000316.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, X., Wang, Y., & Wu, C. H. (2013). Acceptance concern and life satisfaction for Chinese LGBs: The mediating role of self-concealment. Social Indicators Research, 114(2), 687–701.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, Y., Stewart-Brown, S., Twigg, L., & Weich, S. (2007). Can the 12-item General Health Questionnaire be used to measure positive mental health? Psychological Medicine, 37(7), 1005–1013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Itzchakov, G., DeMarree, K. G., Kluger, A. N., & Turjeman-Levi, Y. (2018). The listener sets the tone: High-quality listening increases attitude clarity and behavior-intention consequences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 44(5), 762–778.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, Z., Henneberg, S. C., & Naudé, P. (2011). The importance of trust vis-à-vis reliance in business relationships: Some international findings. International Marketing Review, 28(4), 318–339.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston, D., Stall, R., & Smith, K. (1995). Reliance by gay men and intravenous drug users on friends and family for AIDS-related care. AIDS Care, 7(3), 307–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joireman, J. A., Needham, T. L., & Cummings, A. L. (2002). Relationships between dimensions of attachment and empathy. North American Journal of Psychology, 4(1), 63–80.
   Google Scholar
• Keleher, J., Wei, M., & Liao, K. Y. H. (2010). Attachment, positive feelings about being a lesbian, perceived general support, and well-being. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29(8), 847–873.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King, M, Semlyen, J, Tai, S. S, Killaspy, H, Osborn, D, Popelyuk, D, & Nazareth, I. (2008). A systematic review of mental disorder, suicide, and deliberate self harm in lesbian, gay and bisexual people. BMC Psychiatry, 8(1), 70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knee, C. R., Canevello, A., Bush, A. L., & Cook, A. (2008). Relationship-contingent self-esteem and the ups and downs of romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(3), 608.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwon, P. (2013). Resilience in lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 17(4), 371–383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• La Guardia, J. G., & Patrick, H. (2008). Self-determination theory as a fundamental theory of close relationships. Canadian Psychology, 49, 201–209.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• La Guardia, J. G., & Ryan, R. M. (2007). Why identities fluctuate: Variability in traits as a function of situational variations in autonomy support. Journal of Personality, 75(6), 1205–1228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Legate, N., Ryan, R. M., & Rogge, R. D. (2017). Daily autonomy support and sexual identity disclosure predicts daily mental and physical health outcomes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43(6), 860–873.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Legate, N., Ryan, R. M., & Weinstein, N. (2012). Is coming out always a “good thing”? Exploring the relations of autonomy support, outness, and wellness for lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 3(2), 145–152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehavot, K., & Simoni, J. M. (2011). The impact of minority stress on mental health and substance use among sexual minority women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79(2), 159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leith, K. P., & Baumeister, R. F. (1998). Empathy, shame, guilt, and narratives of interpersonal conflicts: Guilt‐prone people are better at perspective taking. Journal of Personality, 66(1), 1–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewicki, R. J., & Bunker, B. B. (1995). Trust in relationships. Administrative Science Quarterly, 5(1), 583–601.
   Google Scholar
• Lynch, M. F. (2013). Attachment, autonomy, and emotional reliance: A multilevel model. Journal of Counseling & Development, 91(3), 301–312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, M. F., La Guardia, J. G., & Ryan, R. M. (2009). On being yourself in different cultures: Ideal and actual self-concept, autonomy support, and well-being in China, Russia, and the United States. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(4), 290–304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynn, P. (2009). Sample design for understanding society. Understanding Society Working Paper Series, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Martini, T. S., Grusec, J. E., & Bernardini, S. C. (2001). Effects of interpersonal control, perspective taking, and attributions on older mothers’ and adult daughters’ satisfaction with their helping relationships. Journal of Family Psychology, 15(4), 688.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masini, B. E., & Barrett, H. A. (2008). Social support as a predictor of psychological and physical well-being and lifestyle in lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults aged 50 and over. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 20(1–2), 91–110.
   Google Scholar
• McCabe, C. J., Thomas, K. J., Brazier, J. E., & Coleman, P. (1996). Measuring the mental health status of a population: A comparison of the GHQ–12 and the SF–36 (MHI–5). The British Journal of Psychiatry, 169(4), 517–521.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McConnell, E. A., Birkett, M., & Mustanski, B. (2016). Families matter: Social support and mental health trajectories among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth. Journal of Adolescent Health, 59(6), 674–680.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129(5), 674.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ognibene, T. C., & Collins, N. L. (1998). Adult attachment styles, perceived social support and coping strategies. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 15(3), 323–345.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pachankis, J. E. (2007). The psychological implications of concealing a stigma: A cognitive-affective-behavioral model. Psychological Bulletin, 133(2), 328.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrick, H., Knee, C. R., Canevello, A., & Lonsbary, C. (2007). The role of need fulfillment in relationship functioning and well-being: A self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(3), 434.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payton, J. W., Wardlaw, D. M., Graczyk, P. A., Bloodworth, M. R., Tompsett, C. J., & Weissberg, R. P. (2000). Social and emotional learning: A framework for promoting mental health and reducing risk behavior in children and youth. Journal of School Health, 70(5), 179–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pennebaker, J. W., & Chung, C. K. (2011). Expressive writing: Connections to physical and mental health. Oxford Handbook of Health Psychology, 417–437. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ragins, B. R., Singh, R., & Cornwell, J. M. (2007). Making the invisible visible: Fear and disclosure of sexual orientation at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(4), 1103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratelle, C. F., Simard, K., & Guay, F. (2013). University students’ subjective well-being: The role of autonomy support from parents, friends, and the romantic partner. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(3), 893–910.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rempel, J. K., Holmes, J. G., & Zanna, M. P. (1985). Trust in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(1), 95.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robb, S. L. (1996). Techniques in song writing: Restoring emotional and physical well being in adolescents who have been traumatically injured. Music Therapy Perspectives, 14(1), 30–37.
   Google Scholar
• Rosario, M., Schrimshaw, E. W., & Hunter, J. (2009). Disclosure of sexual orientation and subsequent substance use and abuse among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths: Critical role of disclosure reactions. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 23(1), 175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, C., Huebner, D., Diaz, R. M., & Sanchez, J. (2009). Family rejection as a predictor of negative health outcomes in white and Latino lesbian, gay, and bisexual young adults. Pediatrics, 123(1), 346–352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, C., Russell, S. T., Huebner, D., Diaz, R., & Sanchez, J. (2010). Family acceptance in adolescence and the health of LGBT young adults. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 23(4), 205–213.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness.New York, NY: Guilford Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., Kuhl, J., & Deci, E. L. (1997). Nature and autonomy: An organizational view of social and neurobiological aspects of self-regulation in behavior and development. Development and Psychopathology, 9(4), 701–728.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., La Guardia, J. G., Solky-Butzel, J., Chirkov, V. I., & Kim, Y. (2005). On the interpersonal regulation of emotions: Emotional reliance across gender, relationships, and culture. Personal Relationships, 12, 146–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, W. S., Legate, N., & Weinstein, N. (2015). Coming out as lesbian, gay, or bisexual: The lasting impact of initial disclosure experiences. Self and Identity, 14(5), 549–569.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, W. S., Legate, N., Weinstein, N., & Rahman, Q. (2017). Autonomy support fosters lesbian, gay, and bisexual identity disclosure and wellness, especially for those with internalized homophobia. Journal of Social Issues, 73(2), 289–306.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrimshaw, E. W., Siegel, K., Downing, M. J., Jr, & Parsons, J. T. (2013). Disclosure and concealment of sexual orientation and the mental health of non-gay-identified, behaviorally bisexual men. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 81(1), 141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheets, R. L., Jr., & Mohr, J. J. (2009). Perceived social support from friends and family and psychosocial functioning in bisexual young adult college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56(1), 152–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., Rawsthorne, L. J., & Ilardi, B. (1997). Trait self and true self: Cross-role variation in the Big-Five personality traits and its relations with psychological authenticity and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(6), 1380.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shilo, G., & Savaya, R. (2011). Effects of family and friend support on LGB youths’ mental health and sexual orientation milestones. Family Relations, 60(3), 318–330.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephenson, R. C. (2006). Promoting self-expression through art therapy. Generations, 30(1), 24–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 52(2), 145–161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tobin, J. (1995). The irony of self-expression. American Journal of Education, 103(3), 233–258.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uchino, B. N., Cacioppo, J. T., & Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. (1996). The relationship between social support and physiological processes: A review with emphasis on underlying mechanisms and implications for health. Psychological Bulletin, 119(3), 488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• University of Essex. (2009–2015). Institute for Social and Economic Research, NatCen Social Research and Kantar Public, [producers]: Understanding Society: Waves 1–6 [computer file] (8th ed.). Colchester, Essex: UK Data Service [distributor]. November 2016. SN: 6614.
   Google Scholar
• Vaish, A., Carpenter, M., & Tomasello, M. (2009). Sympathy through affective perspective taking and its relation to prosocial behavior in toddlers. Developmental Psychology, 45(2), 534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein, N., Khabbaz, F., & Legate, N. (2016). Enhancing need satisfaction to reduce psychological distress in Syrian refugees. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 84(7), 645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein, N., Legate, N., Ryan, W. S., Sedikides, C., & Cozzolino, P. J. (2017). Autonomy support for conflictual and stigmatized identities: Effects on ownership and well-being. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 64(5), 584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, G. C, Grow, V. M, Freedman, Z. R, Ryan, R. M, & Deci, E. L. (1996). Motivational predictors of weight loss and weight-loss maintenance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(1), 115–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye, S. (2009). Factor structure of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12): The role of wording effects. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(2), 197–201.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar