Dietary exposure to selected perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in four European regions

References

• Buck RC, Franklin J, Berger U, Conder JM, Cousins IT, de Voogt P, Jensen AA, Kannan K, Mabury SA, van Leeuwen SPJ. 2011. Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment: terminology, classification, and origins. Integr Environ Assess Manage. 7:513–541.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• C8 Substance Science Panel [Internet]. 2013. [updated 2012 Nov 28; cited 2013 May 15]. Available from: http://www.c8sciencepanel.org/
   Google Scholar
• Cornelis C, D’Hollander W, Roosens L, Covaci A, Smolders R, Van Den Heuvel R, Govarts E, Van CK, Reynders H, Bervoets L. 2012. First assessment of population exposure to perfluorinated compounds in Flanders, Belgium. Chemosphere. 86:308–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domingo JL, Jogsten IE, Eriksson U, Martorell I, Perello G, Nadal M, Bavel B. 2012. Human dietary exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in Catalonia, Spain. Temporal Trend Food Chem. 135:1575–1582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2008a. Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food chain on Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and their salts. EFSA J. 653:1–131.
   Google Scholar
• [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2008b. Guidance Document for the use of the Concise European Food Consumption Database in Exposure Assessment [Internet]. [cited 2013 May 15]. Available from: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/de/datex/docs/datexfooddbguidance.pdf
   Google Scholar
• [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2011a. Scientific report of EFSA on the Evaluation of the FoodEx, the food classification system applied to the development of the EFSA comprehensive European Food Consumption Database. EFSA J. 9:1970–1996.
   Google Scholar
• [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2011b. Use of the EFSA comprehensive European Food Consumption Database in exposure assessment. EFSA J. 9:2097–2030.
   Google Scholar
• [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2011c. The EFSA Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database[Internet]. [cited 2013 May 15]. Available from: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/datexfoodcdb/datexfooddb.htm
   Google Scholar
• [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2012. Perfluoroalkylated substances in food: occurrence and dietary exposure. EFSA J. 10:2743–2797.
   Google Scholar
• Environment Canada. 2012. Environmental Performance Agreement Respecting Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids (PFCAs) and their Precursors in Perfluorinated Products Sold in Canada [Internet]. [updated 2012 May 3; cited 2013 May 15]. Available from: http://www.ec.gc.ca/epe-epa/default.asp?lang=En&n=AE06B51E-1
   Google Scholar
• Eschauzier C, Haftka J, Stuyfzand PJ, de Voogt P. 2010. Perfluorinated compounds in infiltrated River Rhine water and infiltrated rainwater in coastal dunes. Environ Sci Technol. 44:7450–7455.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Union. 2006. DIRECTIVE 2006/122/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006  amending for the 30th time Council Directive 76/769/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances and preparations (perfluorooctane sulfonates). Off J Eur Union. L372:32–34.
   Google Scholar
• Haug LS, Salihovic S, Jogsten IE, Thomsen C, van BB, Lindstrom G, Becher G. 2010. Levels in food and beverages and daily intake of perfluorinated compounds in Norway. Chemosphere. 80:1137–1143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herzke D, Huber S, Bervoets L, D’Hollander W, Hajslova J, Pulkrabova J, Brambilla G, De Filippis SP, Klenow S, Heinemeyer G, et al. 2013. Perfluorinated alkylated substances in vegetables collected in four European countries; occurrence and human exposure estimations. Environ Sci and Pollut Res Int. 20:7930–7939.
   Google Scholar
• Hlouskova V, Hradkova P, Poustka J, Brambilla G, De Filipps SP, D’Hollander W, Bervoets L, Herzke D, Huber S, de Voogt P, et al. 2013. Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in various food items of animal origin collected in four European countries . Food Addit Contam: Part A. 30:1918–1932.
   Google Scholar
• Noorlander CW, van Leeuwen SP, Te Biesebeek JD, Mengelers MJ, Zeilmaker MJ. 2011. Levels of perfluorinated compounds in food and dietary intake of PFOS and PFOA in the Netherlands. J Agric Food Chem. 59:7496–7505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [OECD] The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [Internet]. c. 2006–2013. Portal on Perfluorinated Chemicals; [cited 2013 Jan 23]. Available from: http://www.oecd.org/ehs/pfc/
   Google Scholar
• Renner R. 2001. Growing concern over perfluorinated chemicals. Environ Sci Technol. 35:154A–160A.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullah S, Alsberg T, Berger U. 2011. Simultaneous determination of perfluoroalkyl phosphonates, carboxylates, and sulfonates in drinking water. J Chromatogr A. 1218:6388–6395.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullah S, Alsberg T, Vestergren R, Berger U. 2012. Determination of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic, sulfonic, and phosphonic acids in food. Anal Bioanal Chem. 404:2193–2201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [USEPA] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2009. Long-Chain Perfluorinated Chemicals (PFCs) Action Plan [Internet]. [updated 2013 Apr 24; cited 2013 May 15]. Available from: http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/existingchemicals/pubs/actionplans/pfcs.html
   Google Scholar
• Vestergren R, Berger U, Glynn A, Cousins IT. 2012. Dietary exposure to perfluoroalkyl acids for the Swedish population in 1999, 2005 and 2010. Environ Int. 49: 120–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vestergren R, Ullah S, Cousins IT, Berger U. 2012. A matrix effect-free method for reliable quantification of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids at low parts per trillion levels in dietary samples. J Chromatogr A. 1237:64–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar