146
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Barrier properties to surrogates of hydrogenated carbon nano-films deposited on PET by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition

, , &
Pages 1914-1927 | Received 19 Jul 2014, Accepted 16 Sep 2014, Published online: 28 Oct 2014

References

  • Aguiar PHL, Oliveira ÉC, Cruz SA. 2013. Modification of clarified polypropylene by oxygen plasma to improve the adhesion of thin amorphous hydrogenated carbon films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Polym Eng Sci. 53:1065–1072.
  • Aguiar PHL, Vidotti SE, Cruz SA. 2013. The effects of accelerated aging and contact with food simulants on the adhesion of amorphous hydrogenated carbon films deposited on clarified polypropylene. J Adhes. 89:611–628.
  • Al-Salem SM, Lettieri P, Baeyens J. 2009. Recycling and recovery routes of plastic solid waste (PSW): a review. Waste Manag. 29:2625–2643.
  • ANVISA. 2008. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, Resolução RDC nº 20, de 26 de março de 2008.
  • ASTM. 2009. Standard Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test. Designation: D 3359–09.
  • Awaja F, Pavel D. 2005. Injection stretch blow moulding process of reactive extruded recycled PET and virgin PET blends. Eur Polym J. 41:2614–2634.
  • Boutroy N, Pernel Y, Rius JM, Auger F, von Bardeleben HJ, Cantin JL, Abel F, Zeinert A, Casiraghi C, Ferrari AC, Robertson J. 2006. Hydrogenated amorphous carbon film coating of PET bottles for gas diffusion barriers. Diamond Relat Mater. 15:921–927.
  • CD-97/48. Commission Directive 97/48/EC amending for the second time Council Directive 82/711/EEC laying down the basic rules necessary for testing migration of the constituents of plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs.
  • Cheng YH, Wu YP, Chen JG, Qiao XL, Xie CS, Tay BK, Lau SP, Shi X. 2000. On the deposition mechanism of a-C : H films by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Surf Coat Tech. 135:27–33.
  • CR-10/2011. Commission Regulation No 10/2011 of 14 January 2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food.
  • Cruz SA, Zanin M, de Moraes MAB. 2009. Accelerated aging and contact with food simulants in adhesion of amorphous hydrogenated carbon films obtained by the PECVD process from recycled PET from packaging. J Appl Polym Sci. 111:281–290.
  • Cruz SA, Zanin M, Nascente PAP, de Moraes MAB. 2010. Superficial modification in recycled PET by plasma etching for food packaging. J Appl Polym Sci. 115:2728–2733.
  • Cruz SA, Zanin M, Nerin C, De Moraes MAB. 2006. Study of barrier properties and chemical resistance of recycled PET coated with amorphous carbon through a plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) process. Food Addit Contam. 23:100–106.
  • Deng XR, Leng YX, Dong X, Sun H, Huang N. 2011. Effect of hydrogen flow on the properties of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films fabricated by electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Surf Coat Tech. 206:1007–1010.
  • Dimitrov N, Krehula LK, Sirocic AP, Hrnjak-Murgić Z. 2013. Analysis of recycled PET bottles products by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. Polym Degrad Stab. 98:972–979.
  • [EC] European Commission. 2004. Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 October 2004.On materials and articles intended to come into contact with food and repealing Directives 80/590/EEC and 89/109/EEC.
  • Franz R, Bayer F, Welle F. 2004. European Commission Guidance and criteria for safe recycling of post consumer PET into new food packaging applications.
  • Franz R, Huber M, Piringer O-G, Damant AP, Jickells SM, Castle L. 1996. Study of functional barrier properties of multilayer recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) bottles for soft drinks. J Agric Food Chem. 44:892–897.
  • Franz R, Welle F. 2002. Recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) for direct food contact applications: challenge test of an inline recycling process. Food Addit & Contam. 19:502–511.
  • Gaman S, Morosanu C, Dumitrache F, Apetroaei N, Yastrebov S. 2007. Diamond and polymeric-like films prepared by PECVD method. J Optoelectron Adv Mater. 9:1450–1453.
  • Goswami R, Jana T, Ray S. 2008. Transparent polymer and diamond-like hydrogenated amorphous carbon thin films by PECVD technique. J Phys D Appl Phys. 41:155413.
  • Guo CT, Chen PC. 2007. Amorphous hydrogenated carbon coatings on IC packaging mold by ECR-CVD system. Appl Surf Sci. 253:9191–9197.
  • Hopewell J, Dvorak R, Kosior E. 2009. Plastics recycling: challenges and opportunities. Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci. 364:2115–2126.
  • Kim YY, Alwi HA, Awang R, Krishnaswamy S. 2011. Influence of radio frequency power on thermal diffusivity of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition-grown hydrogenated amorphous carbon thin-films. J Appl Phys. 109:113503.
  • Li J, Gong CZ, Tian XB, Yang SQ, Fu RKY, Chu PK. 2009. Structure and gas-barrier properties of amorphous hydrogenated carbon films deposited on inner walls of cylindrical polyethylene terephthalate by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Appl Surf Sci. 255:3983–3988.
  • Maheswaran R, Ramaswamy S, Thiruvadigal DJ, Gopalakrishnan C. 2011. Systematic study of various stages during the growth process of diamond-like carbon film by atomic force microscopy. J Non Cryst Solids. 357:1710–1715.
  • Mattioli S, Peltzer M, Fortunati E, Armentano I, Jiménez A, Kenny JM. 2013. Structure, gas-barrier properties and overall migration of poly(lactic acid) films coated with hydrogenated amorphous carbon layers. Carbon. 63:274–282.
  • Ogino A, Nagatsu M. 2007. Gas barrier properties of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films coated on polymers by surface-wave plasma chemical vapor deposition. Thin Solid Films. 515:3597–3601.
  • Oliveira ÉC, Cruz SA, Aguiar PHL. 2012. Effect of PECVD Deposition Parameters on the DLC/PLC Composition of a-C:H Thin Films. J Braz Chem Soc. 23:1657–1662.
  • Oliveira ÉC, Echegoyen Y, Cruz SA, Nerin C. 2014. Comparison between solid phase microextraction (SPME) and hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HFLPME) for determination of extractables from post-consumer recycled PET into food simulants. Talanta. 127:59–67.
  • Ozeki K, Hirakuri KK. 2008. The effect of nitrogen and oxygen plasma on the wear properties and adhesion strength of the diamond-like carbon film coated on PTFE. Appl Surf Sci. 254:1614–1621.
  • Ozeki K, Nagashima I, Ohgoe Y, Hirakuri KK, Mukaibayashi H, Masuzawa T. 2009. Gas barrier properties of diamond-like carbon films coated on PTFE. Appl Surf Sci. 255:7286–7290.
  • Paik N. 2005. Raman and XPS studies of DLC films prepared by a magnetron sputter-type negative ion source. Surf Coat Tech. 200:2170–2174.
  • Perou AL, Vergnaud JM. 1999. Process of contaminant transfers during coextrusion of food packages made from recycled layer and virgin polymer layer. Plast Rubber Compos. 28:74–79.
  • Piringer O, Franz R, Huber M, Begley TH, McNeal TP. 1998. Migration from food packaging containing a functional barrier: mathematical and experimental evaluation. J Agric Food Chem. 46:1532–1538.
  • Ristein J, Stief RT, Ley L, Beyer W. 1998. A comparative analysis of a-C : H by infrared spectroscopy and mass selected thermal effusion. J Appl Phys. 84:3836–3847.
  • Robertson J. 2002. Diamond-like amorphous carbon. Mater Sci Eng R Rep. 37:129–281.
  • Rosca ID, Vergnaud J-M. 2006. Approach for a testing system to evaluate food safety with polymer packages. Polym Test. 25:532–543.
  • Ryu HJ, Kim SH, Hong SH. 2000. Effect of deposition pressure on bonding nature in hydrogenated amorphous carbon films processed by electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Mater Sci Eng A. 277:57–63.
  • Santos NM, Mota RP, Honda RY, Algatti MA, Kostov KG, Kayama ME, Nascente PAP, Cruz NC, Rangel EC. 2013. Mechanical and tribological properties of a-C:H:F Thin Films. J Supercond Novel Magn. 26:2525–2528.
  • Shirakura A, Nakaya M, Koga Y, Kodama H, Hasebe T, Suzuki T. 2006. Diamond-like carbon films for PET bottles and medical applications. Thin Solid Films. 494:84–91.
  • Stan GE, Marcov DA, Popa AC, Husanu MA. 2010. Polymer-like and diamond-like carbon coatings prepared by rf-pecvd for biomedical applications. Dig J Nanomater Bios. 5:705–718.
  • Staryga E, Bąk GW. 2005. Relation between physical structure and electrical properties of diamond-like carbon thin films. Diamond Relat Mater. 14:23–34.
  • Suzuki T, Kodama H. 2009. Diamond-like carbon films synthesized under atmospheric pressure synthesized on PET substrates. Diamond Relat Mater. 18:990–994.
  • Tamor MA, Vassell WC. 1994. Raman fingerprinting of amorphous-carbon films. J Appl Phys. 76:3823–3830.
  • USFDA. 2006. US Food and Drug Administration. Guidance for Industry: Use of Recycled Plastics in Food Packaging: Chemistry Considerations.
  • Vasquez-Borucki S, Jacob W, Achete CA. 2000. Amorphous hydrogenated carbon films as barrier for gas permeation through polymer films. Diamond Relat Mater. 9:1971–1978.
  • von Keudell A. 2002. Formation of polymer-like hydrocarbon films from radical beams of methyl and atomic hydrogen. Thin Solid Films. 402:1–37.
  • Welle F. 2008. Decontamination efficiency of a new post-consumer poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) recycling concept. Food Addit & Contam: Part A. 25:123–131.
  • Yamamoto S, Kodama H, Hasebe T, Shirakura A, Suzuki T. 2005. Oxygen transmission of transparent diamond-like carbon films. Diamond Relat Mater. 14:1112–1115.
  • Zhang L, Wang F, Cui W, Li Q, Lin Y. 2013. Polymeric amorphous carbon films with an extended range of optical gaps. Diamond Relat Mater. 37:29–36.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.