Lead, cadmium and organochlorine pesticide residues in hunted red deer and wild boar from northern Italy

References

• Amici A, Danieli PP, Russo C, Primi R, Ronchi B. 2012. Concentrations of some toxic and trace elements in wild boar (Sus scrofa) organs and tissues in different areas of the province of Viterbo (Central Italy). Ital J Anim Sci. 11:354–362.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer WN, Gaston G, Brazzle R, A F. O Jr, Audet DJ. 2007. Deer exposed to exceptionally high concentrations of lead near the continental mine in Idaho, USA. Environ Toxicol Chem. 26:1040–1046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilandzić N, Sedak M, Dokić M, Simić B. 2010. Wild boar tissue levels of cadmium, lead and mercury in seven regions of continental Croatia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 84:738–743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilandzić N, Sedak M, Vratarić D, Perić T, Simić B. 2009. Lead and cadmium in red deer and wild boar from different hunting grounds in Croatia. Sci Total Environ. 407:4243–4247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan DY, Fry N, Waisberg M, Black WD, Hale BA. 2004. Accumulation of dietary cadmium (Cd) in rabbit tissues and excretions: a comparison of lettuce amended with soluble Cd salt and lettuce with plant-incorporated Cd. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 67:397–411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrastný V, Vaněk A, Teper L, Cabala J, Procházka J, Pechar L, Drahota P, Penížek V, Komárek M, Novák M. 2012. Geochemical position of Pb, Zn and Cd in soils near the Olkusz mine/smelter, South Poland: effects of land use, type of contamination and distance from pollution source. Environ Monit Assess. 184:2517–2536.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danieli PP, Serrani F, Primi R, Ponzetta MP, Ronchi B, Amici A. 2012. Cadmium, lead, and chromium in large game: a local-scale exposure assessment for hunters consuming meat and liver of wild boar. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 63:612–627.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Długaszek M, Kopczyński K. 2013. Elemental composition of muscle tissue of wild animals from central region of Poland. Int J Environ Res. 7:973–978.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobrowolska A, Melosik M. 2008. Bullet-derived lead in tissues of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red deer (Cervus elaphus). Eur J Wildl Res. 54:231–235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douay F, Pruvot C, Waterlot C, Fritsch C, Fourrier H, Loriette A, Bidar G, Grand C, De Vaufleury A, Scheifler R. 2009. Contamination of woody habitat soils around a former lead smelter in the North of France. Sci Total Environ. 407:5564–5577.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durkalec M, Szkoda J, Kolacz R, Opalinski S, Nawrocka A, Zmudzki J. 2015. Bioaccumulation of lead, cadmium and mercury in roe deer and wild boars from areas with different levels of toxic metal pollution. Int J Environ Res. 9:205–212.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2006. Commission regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. Off J Eur Union. L364:5–24.
   Google Scholar
• Falandysz J, Szymczyk-Kobrzyńska K, Brzostowski A, Zalewski K, Zasadowski A. 2005. Concentrations of heavy metals in the tissues of red deer (Cervus elaphus) from the region of Warmia and Mazury Poland. Food Addit Contam. 22:141–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasparik J, Dobias M, Capcarova M, Smehyl P, Slamecka J, Bujko J, Gasparik Jr J. 2012. Concentration of cadmium, mercury, zinc, copper and cobalt in the tissues of wild boar (Sus scrofa) hunted in the western Slovakia. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 47:1212–1216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasparik J, Massányi P, Slamecka J, Fabis M, Jurcik R. 2004. Concentration of selected metals in liver, kidney, and muscle of the red deer (Cervus elaphus). J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 39:2105–2111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godt J, Scheidig F, Grosse-Siestrup C, Esche V, Brandenburg P, Reich A, Groneberg DA. 2006. The toxicity of cadmium and resulting hazards for human health. Occup Med Toxicol. 1:22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermoso de Mendoza GM, Hernández MD, Soler RF, López BA, Fidalgo ALE, Pérez LM. 2011. Sex- and age-dependent accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Pb and Zn) in liver, kidney and muscle of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from NW Spain. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 46:109–116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt WG, Watson RT, Oaks JL, Parish CN, Burnham KK, Tucker RL, Belthoff JR, Hart G. 2009. Lead bullet fragments in venison from rifle-killed deer: potential for human dietary exposure. PLoS One. 4:e5330.
   Google Scholar
• Jones KC, De Voogt P. 1999. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs): state of the science. Environ. Pollut. 100:209–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Köhler HR, Triebskorn R. 2013. Wildlife ecotoxicology of pesticides: can we track effects to the population level and beyond? Science. 341:759–765.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kramárová M, Massányi P, Slamecka J, Tataruch F, Jancová A, Gasparik J, Fabis M, Kovacik J, Toman R, Galová J, et al. 2005. Distribution of cadmium and lead in liver and kidney of some wild animals in Slovakia. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 40:593–600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus M, Prevendar Crnić A, Bilandžić N, Kusak J, Reljić S. 2014. Cadmium, lead, and mercury exposure assessment among croatian consumers of free-living game. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 65:281–292.
   Google Scholar
• Liu ZP. 2003. Lead poisoning combined with cadmium in sheep and horses in the vicinity of non-ferrous metal smelters. Sci Total Environ. 309:117–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe VPW. 1967. Teeth as indicators of age with special reference to red deer (Cervus elaphus) of known age from rhum. J. Zool. 152:137–153.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald JH. 2008. Handbook of biological statistics. Baltimore (MD): Sparky House Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Morales JS, Rojas RM, Pérez-Rodríguez F, Casas AA, López MA. 2011. Risk assessment of the lead intake by consumption of red deer and wild boar meat in Southern Spain. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 28:1021–1033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Neill A, Phillips DH, Bowen J, Sen GB. 2015. Contaminants in surface water and sediments near the Tynagh silver mine site, county Galway, Ireland. Sci Total Environ. 512–513:261–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R Core Team. 2014. A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available from: http://www.R-project.org/
   Google Scholar
• Reglero MM, Monsalve-González L, Taggart MA, Mateo R. 2008. Transfer of metals to plants and red deer in an old lead mining area in Spain. Sci Total Environ. 406:287–297.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudy M. 2010. Chemical composition of wild boar meat and relationship between age and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in muscle and liver tissue. Food Addit Contam Part A. 27:464–472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Šajn R, Aliu M, Stafilov T, Alijagić J. 2013. Heavy metal contamination of topsoil around a lead and zinc smelter in Kosovska Mitrovica/Mitrovicë Kosovo/Kosovë. J Geochem Explor. 134:1–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saez-Royuela C, Gomariz C, Telleria JL. 1989. Age determination of European wild boar (Sus scrofa). Wildlife Soc B. 17:326–329.
   Google Scholar
• Santiago D, Motas-Guzmán M, Reja A, María-Mojica P, Rodero B, García-Fernández AJ. 1998. Lead and cadmium in red deer and wild boar from Sierra Morena mountains (Andalusia, Spain). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 61:730–737.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Satarug S, Baker JR, Urbenjapol S, Haswell-Elkins M, Reilly PE, Williams DJ, Moore MR. 2003. A global perspective on cadmium pollution and toxicity in non-occupationally exposed population. Toxicol Lett. 137:65–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srebočan E. 2009. Comments on “Concentration of selected metals in liver, kidney, and muscle of red deer (Cervus elaphus)”. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 44:1048–1049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srebočan E, Crnič AP, Ekert-Kabalin AM, Lazarus M, Jurasovič J, Tomljanovič K, Andreič D, Perovič́ IS, Čoz-Rakovac R. 2011. Cadmium, lead, and mercury concentrations in tissues of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) and wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) from lowland Croatia. Czechoslov J Food Sci. 29:624–633.
   Google Scholar
• Srebočan E, Janicki Z, Crnić AP, Tomljanović K, Sebečić M, Konjević D. 2012. Cadmium, lead and mercury concentrations in selected red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) tissues from north-eastern Croatia. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 47:2101–2108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stafilov T, Sajn R, Pancevski Z, Boev B, Frontasyeva MV, Strelkova LP. 2010. Heavy metal contamination of topsoils around a lead and zinc smelter in the Republic of Macedonia. J Hazard Mater. 175:896–914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Šuran J, Prišć M, Rašić D, Srebočan E, Crnić AP. 2013. Malondialdehyde and heavy metal concentrations in tissues of wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) from central Croatia. J Environ Sci Health B. 48:147–152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szkoda J, Zmudzki J. 2001. Toxic elements in tissues of game animals. Med Weter. 57:883–886.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taggart MA, Reglero MM, Camarero PR, Mateo R. 2011. Should legislation regarding maximum Pb and Cd levels in human food also cover large game meat? Environ Int. 37:18–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van den Steen E, Pinxten R, Jaspers VL, Covaci A, Barba E, Carere C, Cichoń M, Dubiec A, Eeva T, Heeb P, et al. 2009. Brominated flame retardants and organochlorines in the European environment using great tit eggs as a biomonitoring tool. Environ Int. 35:310–317.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vos JG, Dybing E, Greim HA, Ladefoged O, Lambré C, Tarazona JV, Brandt I, Vethaak AD. 2000. Health effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on wildlife, with special reference to the European situation. Crit Rev Toxicol. 30:71–133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolkers H, Wensing T, Groot Bruinderink GW. 1994. Heavy metal contamination in organs of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) and the effect on some trace elements. Sci Total Environ. 144:191–199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yarsan E, Yipel M, Dikmen B, Altıntaş L, Ekici H, Köksal A. 2014. Concentrations of essential and non-essential toxic trace elements in wild boar (Sus Scrofa L., 1758) tissues from southern Turkey. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 92:10–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar