Spectroscopy applied to feed additives of the European Union Reference Laboratory: a valuable tool for traceability

References

• Abbas O, Fernández Pierna JA, Codony R, von Holst C, Baeten V. 2009. Assessment of the discrimination of animal fat by FT-Raman spectroscopy. J Mol Struct. 924:294–300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albers N, Gotterbarm G, Heimbeck W, Keller T, Seehawer J, Tran TD. 2001. Vitamine in der Tierernährung. Clenze (Germany): Agrimedia.
   Google Scholar
• Ambrose A, Lohumi S, Lee WH, Cho BK. 2016. Comparative nondestructive measurement of corn seed viability using Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Sensor Actuat B-Chem. 224:500–506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banas A, Banas K, Kalaiselvi SMP, Pawlicki B, Kwiatek WM, Breese MBH. 2017. Is it possible to find presence of lactose in pharmaceuticals? – preliminary studies by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Spectrochim Acta A. 171:280–286.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chio CK, Sharma SK, Muenow DW. 2005. Micro-Raman studies of hydrous ferrous sulfates and jarosites. Spectrochim Acta A. 61:2428–2433.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Culka A, Košek F, Drahota P, Jehlička J. 2014. Use of miniaturized Raman spectrometer for detection of sulfates of different hydration states – significance for Mars studies. Icarus. 243:440–453.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EURL Feed Additives. 2010. Evaluation report on vitamin B2. [ cited 2016 Aug 2]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/jrcsh/files/FinRep-FAD-2010-0049.pdf
   Google Scholar
• EURL Feed Additives. 2012a. Evaluation report on Sel-plex 2000 and selenomethionin. [ cited 2016 Aug 2]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/default/files/FinRep-FAD-2009-0029%2B2010-0044.pdf
   Google Scholar
• EURL Feed Additives. 2012b. Evaluation report on various manganese containing feed additives [ cited 2016 Aug 2]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/jrcsh/files/FinRep-SANCO-Manganese.pdf
   Google Scholar
• EURL Feed Additives. 2014a. Evaluation report on Diarr-Stop S Plus. [ cited 2016 Aug 2]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/jrcsh/files/FinRep-FAD-2010-0406-DiarrStop.pdf
   Google Scholar
• EURL Feed Additives. 2014b. Evaluation report on Riboflavin Sodium Phosphate. [ cited 2016 Aug 2]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/jrcsh/files/finrep2_fad-2011-0051_riboflavin%20sodium%20phosphate.pdf
   Google Scholar
• EURL Feed Additives. 2015. Evaluation report on sodium selenite. [ cited 2016 Aug 2]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/default/files/finrep-fad-sodium_selenite_group.pdf
   Google Scholar
• EURL Feed Additives. 2016. Evaluation report on various zinc containing feed additives. [ cited 2016 Aug 2]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/jrcsh/files/FinRep-SANCO-Zinc.pdf
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2013. Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 427/2013 of 8 May 2013 concerning the authorisation of selenomethionine produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC R646 as a feed additive for all animal species and amending Regulations (EC) No. 1750/2006, (EC) No. 634/2007 and (EC) No. 900/2009 as regards the maximum supplementation with selenised yeast. Off J Eur Union L. 127:20–22.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2014. Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 121/2014 of 7 February 2014 concerning the authorisation of L-selenomethionine as a feed additive for all animal species. Off J Eur Union L. 39:53–55.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2015. Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2015/897 of 11 June 2015 concerning the authorisation of thiamine hydrochloride and thiamine mononitrate as feed additives for all animal species. Off J Eur Union L. 147:8–13.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2016a. European Union register of feed additives. [ cited 2016 Aug 2]. Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/food/safety/docs/animal-feed-eu-reg-comm_register_feed_additives_1831-03.pdf
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2016b. Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2016/1095 of 6 July 2016 concerning the authorisation Zinc acetate dihydrate, Zinc chloride anhydrous, Zinc oxide, Zinc sulphate heptahydrate, Zinc sulphate monohydrate, Zinc chelate of amino acids hydrate, Zinc chelate of protein hydrolysates, Zinc chelate of glycine hydrate (solid) and Zinc chelate of glycine hydrate (liquid) as feed additives for all animal species and amending Regulations (EC) No. 1334/2003, (EC) No. 479/2006, (EU) No. 335/2010 and Implementing Regulations (EU) No. 991/2012 and (EU) No. 636/2013. Off J Eur Union L. 182:7–27.
   Google Scholar
• European Communities. 1970. Council Directive of 23 November 1970 concerning additives in feeding-stuffs (70/524/EEC). Off J Eur Communities: Legis Dec. 14:L 270/1.
   Google Scholar
• European Union. 2003. Regulation (EC) No. 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and the council of 22 September 2003 on additives for use in animal nutrition. Off J Eur Union. Oct 18:29–43. lastly amended by Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/2294.
   Google Scholar
• Graham SF, Haughey SA, Ervin RM, Cancouët E, Bell S, Elliott CT. 2012. The application of near-infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy to detect adulteration of oil used in animal feed production. Food Chem. 132:1614–1619.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guzmán E, Baeten V, Fernández Pierna JA, García-Mesa JA. 2012. A portable Raman sensor for the rapid discrimination of olives according to fruit quality. Talanta. 93:94–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omar J, Boix A, von Holst C. 2015. Differentiation of coccidiostats-containing feed additives by mid and near infrared microscopy. Food Addit Contam A. 32:1464–1474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rinnan A, van den Berg F, Engelsen SB. 2009. Review of the most common pre-processing techniques for near-infrared spectra. TRAC-Trend Anal Chem. 28:1201–1222.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouatbi M, Duquenoy A, Giampaoli P. 2007. Extraction of the essential oil of thyme and black pepper by superheat steam. J Food Eng. 78:708–714.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruben O, Valeria N, Ruben G. 2014. Antioxidant activity of fractions from oregano essential oils obtained by molecular distillation. Food Chem. 156:212–219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz H, Özkan G, Baranska M, Krüger H, Özcan M. 2005. Characterisation of essential oil plants from Turkey by IR and Raman spectroscopy. Vib Spectrosc. 39:249–256.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Usai M, Marchetti M, Foddai M, Del Caro A, Desogus R, Sanna I, Piga A. 2011. Influence of different stabilizing operations and storage time on the composition of essential oil of thyme (Thymus officinalis L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). LWT-Food Sci Technol. 44:244–249.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Holst C, Robouch P, Bellorini S, González de la Huebra MJ, Ezerskis Z. 2016. A review of the work of the EU Reference Laboratory supporting the authorisation process of feed additives in the EU. Food Addit Contam Part A. 33:66–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar