Analytical determination of bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol analogues in paper products by LC-MS/MS

References

• Anderson WAC, Castle L. 2003. Benzophenone in cardboard packaging materials and the factors that influence its migration into food. Food Addit Contam. 20(6):607–618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Audebert M, Dolo L, Perdu E, Cravedi JP, Zalko D. 2011. Use of the yH2AX assay for assessing the genotoxicity of bisphenol A and bisphenol F in human cell lines. Arch Toxicol. 85(11):1463–1473.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aurela B, Kulmala H, Söderhjelm L. 1999. Phthalates in paper and board packaging and their migration into tenax. Food Addit Contam. 16(12):571–577.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aurela B, Ohra-Aho T, Söderhjelm L. 2001. Migration of alkylbenzenes from packaging into food and tenax®. Packag Technol Sci. 14:71–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babu S, Uppu SN, Martin B, Agu OA, Uppu RM. 2015. Unusually high levels of bisphenol A (BPA) in thermal paper cash register receipts (CRs): development and application of a robust LC-UV method to quantify BPA in Crs. Toxicol Mech Methods. 25:410–416.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballesteros-Gómez A, Rubio S,Pérez-Bendito D. 2009. Analytical methods for the determination of bisphenol A in food. Journal of Chromatography A. 1216(3):449–469.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becerra V, Odermatt J. 2012. Detection and quantification of traces of bisphenol A and bisphenol S in paper samples using analytical pyrolysis-GC/MS. Analyst. 137:2250–2259.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biedermann S, Tschudin P, Grob K. 2010. Transfer of bisphenol A from thermal printer paper to the skin. Anal Bioanal Chem. 398:571–576.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binderup ML, Pedersen GA, Vinggaard AM, Rasmussen ES, Rosenquist H, Cederberg T. 2002. Toxicity testing and chemical analysis of recycled fibre-based paper for food contact. Food Addit Contam. 19:13–28.[internet]. [cited 2016 Jul 18] Available from
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birnbaum LS, Church R, Herbert B, Taylor KW, Kissling GE, Scheri RC, Schurman SH, Thayer KA, Jankowich R, Garantziotis S, et al. 2016. Bisphenol A, bisphenol S, 4-hydroxyphenyl 4-isopropoxyphenylsulfone (BPSIP) in urine and blood of cashiers. Health Respect. 124:437–444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Björnsdotter MK, de Boer J, Ballesteros-Gómez A. 2017a. Bisphenol A and replacements in thermal paper: a review. Chemosphere. 182:691–706.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Björnsdotter MK, Jonker W, Legradi J, Kool J, Ballesteros-Gómez A. 2017b. Bisphenol A alternatives in thermal paper from the Netherlands, Spain and Norway. Screening and Potential Toxicity. Sci Total Environ.. 601-602:210–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabaton N, Dumont C, Severin I, Perdu E, Zalko D, CHerkaoui-Malki M, Chagnon MC. 2009. Genotoxic and endocrine activities of bis(Hydroxyphenyl)methane (bisphenol F) and its derivatives in the HepG2 cell line. Toxicology. 255(1–2):15–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen D, Kannan K, Tan H, Zheng Z, Feng YL, Wu Y, Widelka M. 2016. Bisphenol analogues other than BPA: environmental occurrence, human exposure, and toxicity – a review. Environ Sci Technol. 50:5438–5453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen MY, Ike M, Fujita M. 2002. Acute toxicity, mutagenicity, and estrogenicity of bisphenol-A and other bisphenols. Environ Toxicol. 17:80–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Council of Europe. 2009. Policy statement concerning paper and board materials and articles intended to come in contact with foodstuffs [Internet]. [cited 2014 Jul 9]. Available from: http://hub.coe.int/google-search/?q=Policy+statement+concerning+paper+and+board+materials+and+articles+intended+to+come+in+contact+with+foodstuffs+&x=0&y=0&sitesearch=coe.int
   Google Scholar
• Cunha SC, Fernandes JO. 2010. Quantification of free and total bisphenol A and bisphenol B in human urine by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and heart-cutting multidimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (MD-GC/MS). Talanta. 83:117–125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dekant W, Völkel W. 2008. Human exposure to bisphenol A by monitoring: methods, results and assessment of environmental exposures. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 228:114–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckardt M, Simat TJ. 2017. Bisphenol A and alternatives in thermal paper receipts – a German market analysis from 2015-2017. Chemosphere. 186:1016–1025. [Internet]. [cited 2016 Jul 18] Available from
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2015a. Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs. Efsa J. 13:3978–4000.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2015b. Parma: European Food Safety Authority; [Internet] [cited 2015 Feb 3]. Available from: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/de/corporate/pub/factsheetbpa150121.htm
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2011. Commission Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 of 14 January 2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food. Off J European Union. 54:L12/1.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2018. Commission Regulation (EU) No 2018/213 of 12 February 2018 on the use of bisphenol A in varnishes and coatings intended to come into contact with food and amending Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 as regards the use of that substance in plastic food contact materials. Off J European Union. 2018:L41/6.
   Google Scholar
• Fan R, Zeng B, Liu X, Chen C, Zhuang Q, Wang Y, Hu M, Lv Y, Li J, Zhou Y, et al. 2015. Levels of bisphenol-A in different paper products in Guangzhou, China, and assessment of human exposure via dermal contact. Environ Sci Process Impacts. 17:667–673.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [FCA] Food Contact Additives. 2016. FCA Guidelines on Risk Assessment of non-listed substances (NLS) and non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) under the requirements of Article 3 of the Framework Regulation (EC) 1935/2004. Version. 1:1–56.
   Google Scholar
• Feng Y, Yin J, Jiao Z, Shi J, Li M, Shao B. 2012. Bisphenol AF may cause testosterone reduction by directly affecting testis function in adult male rats. Toxicol Lett. 211:201–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiselier K, Rutschmann E, McCombie G, Grob K. 2010. Migration of di(2-ethylhexyl) maleate from cardboard boxes into foods. Eur Food Res Technol. 230:619–626.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallart Ayala H, Moyano EGalceran MT. 2011a. Fast liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F-diglycidyl ether and their derivatives in canned food and beverages. J Chromatogr A. 1218:1603–1610.
   Google Scholar
• Gallart-Ayala H, Moyano E, Galceran MT. 2011. Analysis of bisphenols in soft drinks by on-line solid phase extraction fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta. 683:227–233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallart-Ayala H, Núñez O, Lucci P. 2013. Recent advances in LC-MS analysis of food-packaging contaminants. Trends Anal Chem. 42:99–124.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao L, Zou J, Liu H, Zeng J, Wang Y, Chen X. 2013. Determination of bisphenol A in thermal printing papers treated by alkaline aqueous solution using the combination of single-drop microextraction and HPLC. J Sep Sci. 36:1298–1303.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Geens T, Aerts D, Berthot C, Bourguignon JP, Goevens L, Lecomte P, Maghuin-Rogister G, Pironnet AM, Pussemier L, Scipp ML, et al. 2012b. A review of dietary and non-dietary exposure to bisphenol-A. Food Chem Toxicol. 50:3725–3740.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geens T, Goeyens L, Kannan K, Neels H, Covaci A. 2012a. Levels of bisphemol-A in thermal paper receipts from Belgium and estimation of human exposure. Sci Total Environ. 435-436:30–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gehring M, Vogel D, Tennhardt L, Weltin D, Bilitewski B 2004. Bisphenol A contamination of wastepaper, cellulose and recycled paper products. Waste Mange Environ II. 78: 294–300
   Google Scholar
• Goldinger DM, Demierre A-L, Zoller O, Rupp H, Reinhard H, Magnin R, Becker TW, Bourqui-Pittet M. 2015. Endocrine activity of alternatives to BPA found in thermal paper in Switzerland. Regul Toxicol Pharm. 71:453–462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haigthon LA, Hlywka JJ, Dull J, Kroes R, Lynch BS, Munro IC. 2002. An evaluation of the possible carcinogenicity of bisphenol A to humans. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 35:238–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeannot R, Sabik H, Sauvard E, Dagnac T, Dohrendorf K. 2002. Determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in environmental samples using gas and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 974:143–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jickells SM, Poulin J, Mountfort KA, Fernández-Ocaña M. 2005. Migration of contaminants by gas phase transfer from carton board and corrugated board box secondary packaging into foods. Food Addit Contam. 22(8):768–782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung T, Simat TJ, Altkofer W. 2010. Mass transfer ways of ultraviolet printing ink ingredients into foodstuffs. Food Addit Contam. 27(7):1040–1049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jurek A, Leitner E. 2015. Comparing different gas chromatographic methods for the quantification of bisphenol A (BPA) trace levels in paper and cardboard products from the market. Food Addit Contam. 32(8):1331–1342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jurek A, Leitner E. 2017. Analytical determination of bisphenol A and bisphenol analogues in paper products by GC-MS/MS. Food Addit Contam. 34(7):1225–1238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitamura S, Suzuki T, Sanoh S, Kohta R, Jinno N, Sugihara K, Yoshihara S, Fujimoto N, Watanabe H, Ohta S. 2005. Comparative study of the endocrine-disrupting activity of bisphenol A and 19 related compounds. Toxicol Sci. 84(2):249–259.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao C, Kannan K. 2011. Widespread occurrence of bisphenol A in paper and paper products: implications for human exposure. Environ Sci Technol. 45:9372–9379.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao C, Kannan K. 2012. Bisphenol S, a new bisphenol analogue, in paper products and curreny bills and its association with bisphenol A residues. Environ Sci Technol. 46:6515–6522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao C, Kannan K. 2012a. Determination of free and conjugated forms of bosphenol A in human urine and serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol. 46:5003–5009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao C, Kannan K. 2013. Concentration profiles of bisphenol A and other bisphenol analogoues in foodstuffs from the United States and their implications for human exposure. Agric Food Chem. 61:4566–4662.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao C, Kannan K. 2014. Survey of alkylphenols, bisphenols and triclosan in personal care products from China and the United States. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 67:50–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao C, Liu F, Alomirah H, Loi VD, Mohd MA, Moon H-B, Nakata H, Kannan K. 2012b. Bisphenol S in human urine from the United States and seven Asian countries: occurrence and human exposure. Environ Sci Technol. 46:6860–6866.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao C, Liu F, Guo Y, Moon H-B, Nakata H, Wu Q, Kannan K. 2012a. Occurrence of eight bisphenol analogues in indoor dust from the United States and several Asian countries: implications for human exposure. Environ Sci Technol. 46(16):9138–9145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ÖNORM. 2011. ÖNORM DIN 32645: chemische Analytik - Nachweis-, Erfassungs- und Bestimmungsgrenze unter Wiederholbedingungen - Begriffe. Verfahren (Auswertung): ÖNORM.
   Google Scholar
• Mendum T, Stoler E, VanBenschoten H, Warner JC. 2011. Concentration of bisphenol A in thermal paper. Green Chem Lett Rev. 4(1):81–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michalowicz J, Mokra K, Bak A. 2015. Bisphenol A and its analogs induce morphological and biochemical alterations in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (in vitro study). Toxicol In Vitro. 29(7):1464–1472.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mj R, Vn Den Berg M, Tf B, Ah P, Mb VD. 2015. Structural bisphenol analogues differentially target steroidogenesis in murine MA-10 leydig cells as well as the glucocorticoid receptor. Toxicology. 329:10–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molin-Molina JM, Amaya E, Grimaldi M, Sáenz JM, Real M, Fernández MF, Balaguer P, Olea N. 2013. In vitro study on the agonistic and antagonistic activities of bisphenol-S and other bisphenol-A congeners and derivatives via nuclear receptors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 272(1):127–136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozaki A, Yamaguchi Y, Fujita T, Kuroda K, Endo G. 2004. Chemical analysis and genotoxical safety assessment of paper and paperboard used for food packaging. Food Chem Tox. 42:1323–1337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pérez-Palacios D, Fernández-Recio MA, Moreta C, Tena MT. 2012. Determination of bisphenol-type endocrine disrupting compounds in food-contact recycled-paper materials by focused ultrasonic solid-liquid extraction and ultra performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Talanta. 99:167–174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pivnenko K, Olsson ME, Götze R, Eriksson E, Astrup TF. 2016. Quantification of chemical contaminants in the paper and board fractions of municipal solid waste. Waste Manage. 51:43–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pivnenko K, Pedersen GA, Eriksson E, Astrup TF. 2015. Bisphenol A and its structural analogues in household waste paper. Waste Manage. 44:39–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivas A, Lacroix M, Olea-Serrano F, Laïos I, Leclercq G, Olea N. 2002. Estrogenic effect of a series of bisphenol analogues on gene and protein expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 82:45–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rocha BA, Azevedo LF, Gallimberti M, Campiglia AD, Barbosa F. 2015. High levels of bisphenol A and bisphenol F in Brazilian thermal paper receipts and estimation of daily exposure. J Toxicol Environ Health Part A. 78:1181–1188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rochester JR, Bolden AL. 2015. Bispehnol S and F: a systematic review and comparison of the hormonal activity of bisphenol A substitutes. Environ Health Perspect. 123(7):643–650.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenmai AK, Dybdahl M, Pedersen M, Bma VV-L, Bay Wedebye E, Taxvig C, Vinggaard AM. 2014. Are structural analogues to bisphenol A safe alternatives?. Toxicol Sci. 139:35–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruan T, Liang D, Song S, Song M, Wang H, Jiang G. 2015. Evaluation of the in vitro estrogenicity of emerging Bisphenol analogues and their respective estrogenic contributions in municipal sewage sludge in China. Chemosphere. 124:150–155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo G, Barbato F, Grumetto L. 2017. Monitoring bisphenol A and bisphenol S in thermal paper receipts from the Italian market and estimated transdermal human intake: a pilot study. Sci Total Environ. 599-600:68–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stossi F, Bolt MJ, Ashcroft FJ, Lamerdin JE, Melnick JS, Powell RT, Dandekar RD, Mancini MG, Walker CL, Westwick JK, et al. 2014. Defining estrogenic mechanisms of bisphenol A analogs through high throughput microscopy-based contextual assays. Chem Biol. 21(6):743–753.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stroheker T, Picard K, Lhuguenot JC, Canivenc-Lavier MC, Chagnon MC. 2004. Steroid activities comparison of natural and food wrap compounds in human breast cancer cell lines. Food Chem Toxicol. 42(6):887–897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suciu NA, Tiberto F, Vasileiadis S, Lamastra L, Trevisan M. 2013. Recycled paper-paperboard for food contact materials: contaminants suspected and migration into food and food simulant. Food Chem. 141:4146–4151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Summerfield W, Cooper I. 2001. Investigation of migration from paper and board into food-development of methods for rapid testing. Food Addit Contam. 18:77–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Triantafyllou VI, Akrida-Demertzi K, Demertzis PG. 2007. A study on the migration of organic pollutants from recycled paperboard packaging materials to solid food matrices. Food Chem. 101:1759–1768.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vinggaard AM, Körner W, Lund KH, Bolz U, Petersen JH. 2000. Identification and quantification of estrogenic compounds in recycled and virgin paper for household use as determined by an in vitro yeast estrogen screen and chemical analysis. Chem Res Toxicol. 13:1214–1222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Völkel W, Colnot T, Csanády GA, Filser JG, Dekant W. 2002. Metabolism and kinetics of bisphenol A in human at low doses following oral administration. Chem Res Toxicol. 15:1281–1287.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Von Goetz N, Wormuth M, Scheringer M, Hungerbühler K. 2010. Bisphenol A: how the most relevant exposure sources contribute to the total consumer exposure. Risk Analysis. 30:473–487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Y, Guan J, Yin J, Shao B, Li H. 2014b. Urinary levels of bisphenol analogues in residents living near a manufacturing plant in south China. Chemosphere. 112:481–486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Y, Lu L, Zhang J, Yang Y, Wu Y, Shao B. 2014a. Simultaneous determination of seven bisphenols in environmental water and solid samples by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 1328:26–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zülch A, Prininger O. 2010. Measurement and modelling of migration from paper and board into foodstuffs and dry food simulants. Food Addit Contam. 27(9):1306–1324.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar