References
- Achilli , A. , Cath , T.Y. and Childress , A.E. 2010 . Selection of inorganic-based draw solutions for forward osmosis applications . J. Membr. Sci. , 364 : 233 – 241 .
- G.W. Batchelder, Process for the demineralization of water, Patent no: US3171799(A) United States, 1965.
- Fox , T.G. Jr. and Flory , P.J. 1948 . Viscosity-molecular weight and viscosity-temperature relationships for polystyrene and polyisobutylene . J. Am. Chem. Soc , 70 ( 7 ) : 2384 – 2395 .
- B.S. Frank, Desalination of sea water, Patent no: US3670897, United States, 1972.
- Fréchet , J.M.J. 1994 . Functional polymers and dendrimers: Reactivity, molecular architecture, and interfacial energy . Science , 263 : 1710 – 1715 .
- D.N. Glew, Process for liquid recovery and solution concentration, Dow Chemical Co, Patent no: US3216930, United States, 1965.
- Kedem , O. and Katchalsky , A. 1961 . A physical interpretation of the phenomenological coefficients of membrane permeability . J. Gen. Physiol. , 45 : 143 – 179 .
- Kellen M., A model for microcirculatory fluid and solute exchange in the heart, PhD thesis, University of Washington, 1999.
- Klajnert , B. and Bryszewska , M. 2001 . Dendrimers: Properties and applications . Acta Biochim. Polonica , 48 : 199 – 208 .
- Ling , M.M. , Wang , K.Y. and Chung , T.S. 2010 . Highly water-soluble magnetic nanoparticles as novel draw solutes in forward osmosis for water reuse . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 49 : 5869 – 5876 .
- McCormick , P. , Pellegrino , J. , Mantovani , F. and Sarti , G. 2008 . Water, salt, and ethanol diffusion through membranes for water recovery by forward (direct) osmosis processes . J. Membr. Sci. , 325 : 467 – 478 .
- McCutcheon , J.R. , McGinnis , R.L. and Elimelech , M. 2005 . A novel ammonia–carbon dioxide forward (direct) osmosis desalination process . Desalination , 174 : 1 – 11 .
- R.L. Mcginnis, Osmotic desalinization process, Patent no: US6391205 United States, 2002.
- Mulder , M. 1996 . Basic principles of membrane technology , Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic . 431–433
- Money , Nicholas P. 1989 . Osmotic pressure of aqueous polyethylene glycols . Plant Physiol. , 91 : 766 – 769 .
- Opong , W.S. and Zydney , A.L. 1992 . Effect of membrane structure and protein concentration on the osmotic reflection coefficient . J. Membr. Sci. , 72 : 277 – 292 .
- Phuntsho , S. , Shon , H.K. , Hong , S. , Lee , S. and Vigneswaran , S. 2011 . A novel low energy fertilizer driven forward osmosis desalination for direct fertigation: Evaluating the performance of fertilizer draw solutions . J. Membr. Sci. , 375 ( 1–2 ) : 172 – 181 .
- Beck , Roy , Deek , Joanna , Jones , Jayna B. and Safinya , Cyrus R. 2010 . Gel-expanded to gel-condensed transition in neurofilament networks revealed by direct force measurements . Nat. Mater. , 9 : 40 – 46 .
- Schultz , J.S. , Valentine , R. and Choi , C.Y. 1979 . Reflection coefficients of homopore membranes effect of molecular size and configuration . J. Gen. Physiol. , 73 : 49 – 60 .
- Bruns , Wolfgang . 1997 . The third osmotic virial coefficient of polymer solutions . Macromolecules , 30 : 4429 – 4431 .
- Yip , Y.N. , Tiraferri , A. , Phillip , W.A. , Schiffman , J.D. and Elimelech , M. 2010 . High performance thin-film composite forward osmosis membrane . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 44 : 3812 – 3818 .