1,705
Views
226
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

A review of draw solutes in forward osmosis process and their use in modern applications

, , , , &
Pages 167-184 | Received 25 Dec 2011, Accepted 10 Feb 2012, Published online: 30 Apr 2012

References

  • Ward , F.A. and Pulido-Velazquez , M. 2008 . Water conservation in irrigation can increase water use . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , 105 ( 47 ) : 18215 – 18220 .
  • McCutcheon , J.R. and Elimelech , M. 2006 . Influence of concentrative and dilutive internal concentration polarization on flux behavior in forward osmosis . J. Membr. Sci. , 284 ( 1–2 ) : 237 – 247 .
  • HTI Inc., About Humanitarian Water, 2011. Available from: http://www.htiwater.com/divisions/humanitarian/about.html.
  • HTI Inc., Military Water & Desalination Filters: Case Study, 2011. Available from: http://www.htiwater.com/divisions/military_regulatory/case_studies.html.
  • Thompson , N.A. and Nicoll , P.G. 2011 . Forward osmosis desalination: A commercial reality , Perth : IDAWC .
  • Nicoll , P.G. , Thompson , N.A. and Bedford , M.R. 2011 . Manipulated osmosis applied to evaporative cooling make-up water—Revolutionary technology , Perth : IDAWC .
  • Wright , J.C. , Johnson , R.M. and Yum , S.I. 2003 . DUROS® osmotic pharmaceutical systems for parenteral & site-directed therapy . Drug Delivery Technol. , 3 ( 1 ) http://www.drug-dev.com/ME2/dirmod.asp?sid=&nm=&type=Publishing&mod=Publications%3A%3AArticle&mid=8F3A7027421841978F18BE895F87F791&tier=4&id=43487287552E4D019B3EEA3DF2E2D150.
  • Hancock , N.T. and Cath , T.Y. 2009 . Solute coupled diffusion in osmotically driven membrane processes . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 43 ( 17 ) : 6769 – 6775 .
  • Lee , S. 2010 . Comparison of fouling behavior in forward osmosis (FO) and reverse osmosis (RO) . J. Membr. Sci. , 365 ( 1–2 ) : 34 – 39 .
  • Loeb , S. 1997 . Effect of porous support fabric on osmosis through a Loeb-Sourirajan type asymmetric membrane . J. Membr. Sci. , 129 ( 2 ) : 243 – 249 .
  • Phillip , W.A. , Yong , J.S. and Elimelech , M. 2010 . Reverse draw solute permeation in forward osmosis: Modeling and experiments . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 44 ( 13 ) : 5170 – 5176 .
  • Van’t Hoff , J.H. 1887 . Die Rolle der osmotischen Druckes in der Analogie zwischen Lösungen und Gasen . Z. Phys. Chem. , 1 : 481 – 508 .
  • Yokozeki , A. 2006 . Osmotic pressures studied using a simple equation-of-state and its applications . Appl. Energy , 83 ( 1 ) : 15 – 41 .
  • Stigter , D. and Hill , T.L. 1959 . Theory of the Donnan membrane equilibrium. II. Calculation of the osmotic pressure and the salt distribution in a Donnan system with highly-charged colloid particles . J. Phys. Chem. , 63 : 551 – 556 .
  • McCutcheon , J.R. , McGinnis , R.L. and Elimelech , M. 2005 . A novel ammonia–carbon dioxide forward (direct) osmosis desalination process . Desalination , 174 ( 2005 ) : 1 – 11 .
  • Ng , H.Y. and Tang , W. 2006 . Forward (direct) osmosis: A novel and prospective process for brine control . Water Environ. Found. , : 4345 – 4352 .
  • Phuntsho , S. 2011 . A novel low energy fertilizer driven forward osmosis desalination for direct fertigation: Evaluating the performance of fertilizer draw solutions . J. Membr. Sci. , 375 ( 2011 ) : 172 – 181 .
  • Achilli , A. , Cath , T.Y. and Childress , A.E. 2010 . Selection of inorganic-based draw solutions for forward osmosis applications . J. Membr. Sci. , 364 ( 1–2 ) : 233 – 241 .
  • Yen , S.K. 2010 . Study of draw solutes using 2-methylimidazole-based compounds in forward osmosis . J. Membr. Sci. , 364 ( 1–2 ) : 242 – 252 .
  • Wang , K.Y. , Ong , R.C. and Chung , T.-S. 2010 . Double-skinned forward osmosis membranes for reducing internal concentration polarization within the porous sublayer . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 49 ( 10 ) : 4824 – 4831 .
  • Xu , Y. 2010 . Effect of draw solution concentration and operating conditions on forward osmosis and pressure retarded osmosis performance in a spiral wound module . J. Membr. Sci. , 348 ( 1–2 ) : 298 – 309 .
  • Choi , Y.-J. 2009 . Toward a combined system of forward osmosis and reverse osmosis for seawater desalination . Desalination , 247 ( 1–3 ) : 239 – 246 .
  • Achilli , A. 2009 . The forward osmosis membrane bioreactor: A low fouling alternative to MBR processes . Desalination , 239 ( 1–3 ) : 10 – 21 .
  • McCutcheon , J.R. , McGinnis , R.L. and Elimelech , M. 2006 . Desalination by ammonia–carbon dioxide forward osmosis: Influence of draw and feed solution concentrations on process performance . J. Membr. Sci. , 278 ( 2006 ) : 114 – 123 .
  • Tan , C.H. and Ng , H.Y. 2010 . A novel hybrid forward osmosis—nanofiltration (FO-NF) process for seawater desalination: Draw solution selection and system configuration . Desalin. Water Treat. , 13 ( 2010 ) : 356 – 361 .
  • Garcia-Castello , E.M. , McCutcheon , J.R. and Elimelech , M. 2009 . Performance evaluation of sucrose concentration using forward osmosis . J. Membr. Sci. , 338 ( 1–2 ) : 61 – 66 .
  • Petrotos , K.B. , Quantick , P. and Petropakis , H. 1998 . A study of the direct osmotic concentration of tomato juice in tubular membrane—module configuration. I. The effect of certain basic process parameters on the process performance . J. Membr. Sci. , 150 ( 1 ) : 99 – 110 .
  • Zhao , S. and Zou , L. 2011 . Relating solution physicochemical properties to internal concentration polarization in forward osmosis . J. Membr. Sci. , 379 ( 1–2 ) : 459 – 467 .
  • Martinetti, C.R., A.E. Childress, and T.Y. Cath, High recovery of concentrated RO brines using forward osmosis and membrane distillation. J. Membr. Sci. 331(1–2) (2009) 31–39.
  • Holloway , R.W. 2006 . Forward Osmosis for Concentration of Anaerobic Digester Centrate , Reno , NV : University of Nevada . p. 90
  • R.J. York, R.S. Thiel, E.G. Beaudry, Full-scale experience of direct osmosis concentration applied to leachate management, in: Seventh International Waste Management and Landfill, Symposium, 1999.
  • Zou , S. 2011 . The role of physical and chemical parameters on forward osmosis membrane fouling during algae separation . J. Membr. Sci. , 366 ( 1–2 ) : 356 – 362 .
  • Yang , Q. , Wang , K.Y. and Chung , T.-S. 2009 . A novel dual-layer forward osmosis membrane for protein enrichment and concentration . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 69 ( 3 ) : 269 – 274 .
  • Wallace , M. , Cui , Z. and Hankins , N.P. 2008 . A thermodynamic benchmark for assessing an emergency drinking water device based on forward osmosis . Desalination , 227 ( 1–3 ) : 34 – 45 .
  • Kravath , R.E. and Davis , J.A. 1975 . Desalination of seawater by direct osmosis . Desalination , 16 ( 1975 ) : 151 – 155 .
  • Kessler , J.O. and Moody , C.D. 1976 . Drinking water from sea water by forward osmosis . Desalination , 18 ( 3 ) : 297 – 306 .
  • K. Stache, Apparatus for transforming sea water, brackish water, polluted water or the like into a nutritious drink by means of osmosis, US Patent 4, 030, Editor. 1989.
  • Wrolstad , R.E. 1993 . Composition and sensory characterization of red raspberry juice concentrated by direct-osmosis or evaporation . J. Food Sci. , 58 : 633 – 637 .
  • Beaudry , E.G. and Lampi , K.A. 1990 . Membrane technology for direct osmosis concentration of fruit juices . Food Technol. , 44 : 121
  • Herron , J.R. 1994 . Osmotic concentration apparatus and method for direct osmosis concentration of fruit juices . US Patent , 5 : 430
  • McCormick , P. 2008 . Water, salt, and ethanol diffusion through membranes for water recovery by forward (direct) osmosis processes . J. Membr. Sci. , 325 ( 1 ) : 467 – 478 .
  • Adham, S., et al., Dewatering Reverse Osmosis concentrate from water reuse applications using Forward Osmosis, WaterReuse Foundation, 2009.
  • Ling , M.M. and Chung , T.-S. 2011 . Novel dual-stage FO system for sustainable protein enrichment using nanoparticles as intermediate draw solutes . J. Membr. Sci. , 372 ( 1–2 ) : 201 – 209 .
  • Ling , M.M. and Chung , T.-S. 2011 . Desalination process using super hydrophilic nanoparticles via forward osmosis integrated with ultrafiltration regeneration . Desalination , 278 : 194 – 202 .
  • Ling , M.M. , Wang , K.Y. and Chung , T.-S. 2010 . Highly water-soluble magnetic nanoparticles as novel draw solutes in forward osmosis for water reuse . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 10.1021/ie100438x
  • Ng , H.Y. 2008 . Treatment of RO brine-towards sustainable water reclamation practice . Water Sci. Technol. , 58 : 931 – 936 .
  • Bamaga , O.A. 2011 . Hybrid FO/RO desalination system: Preliminary assessment of osmotic energy recovery and designs of new FO membrane module configurations . Desalination , 268 : 163 – 169 .
  • Li , D. 2011 . Stimuli-responsive polymer hydrogels as a new class of draw agent for forward osmosis desalination . Chem. Commun. , 47 : 1710 – 1712 .
  • Li , D. 2011 . Composite polymer hydrogels as draw agents in forward osmosis and solar dewatering . Soft Matter , 7 ( 21 ) : 10048 – 10056 .
  • Gadelha , G.A.F. and Hankins , N.P. 2011 . Assessment of draw-solution performance in combination with asymmetric membranes for forward osmosis , Perth : IDAWC .
  • G. Batchelder, Process for the demineralization of water. US Patent 317179903, 1965.
  • Hoover , L.A. 2011 . Forward with osmosis: Emerging applications for greater sustainability . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 45 ( 23 ) : 9824 – 9830 .
  • Cath , T.Y. 2010 . A multi-barrier osmotic dilution process for simultaneous desalination and purification of impaired water . J. Membr. Sci. , 362 ( 1–2 ) : 417 – 426 .
  • Qin , J.-J. 2010 . Development of novel backwash cleaning technique for reverse osmosis in reclamation of secondary effluent . J. Membr. Sci. , 346 ( 1 ) : 8 – 14 .
  • Ramon , G. , Agnon , Y. and Dosoretz , C. 2010 . Dynamics of an osmotic backwash cycle . J. Membr. Sci. , 364 ( 1–2 ) : 157 – 166 .
  • Algae systems, Offshore Membrane Enclosure for Growing Algae (OMEGA), 2011. Available from: http://algaesystems.com/technology/omega/.
  • J.D. Trent, et al., Algae bioreactor using submerged enclosures with semi-permeable membranes, Patent 0216203, 2010.
  • Glew , D.N. 1965 . Process for liquid recovery and solution concentration . US Patent , 9 : 930
  • B.S. Frank, Desalination of seawater, US Patent 367089720, 1972.
  • J. Yaeli, Method and apparatus for processing liquid solutions of suspensions particularly useful in the desalination of saline water, US Patent 509857524, 1992.
  • McGinnis, R., Osmotic desalination process. 2002: US patent 7560,029. 1 Feb. 2002.
  • World Health Organization, WHO guidelines for drinking-water quality, 2011. Available from: http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/guidelines/en/.
  • Phuntsho , S. 2011 . Fertiliser drawn forward osmosis desalination: The concept, performance and limitations for fertigation . Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol. , 10.1007/s11157–011-9259–2
  • W.C.L. Lay, et al., Study of integration of forward osmosis and biological process: Membrane performance under elevated salt environment. Desalination 283(1) (2011) 123–130.
  • Xiao , D. 2011 . Modeling salt accumulation in osmotic membrane bioreactors: Implications for FO membrane selection and system operation . J. Membr. Sci. , 366 ( 1–2 ) : 314 – 324 .
  • Pattle , R.E. 1954 . Production of electric power by mixing fresh and salt water in the hydroelectric pile . Nature , 174 ( 1954 ) : 660
  • Aaberg , R.J. 2003 . Osmotic power—a new and powerful renewable energy source . ReFocus , 4 : 48 – 50 .
  • Wick , G.L. 1978 . Energy from salinity gradients . Energy , 3 : 95 – 100 .
  • Loeb , S. 1976 . Production of energy from concentrated brines by pressure-retarded osmosis: I. Preliminary technical and economic correlations . J. Membr. Sci. , 1 : 49 – 63 .
  • Loeb , S. , Van Hessen , F. and Shahaf , D. 1976 . Production of energy from concentrated brines by pressure-retarded osmosis: II. Experimental results and projected energy costs . J. Membr. Sci. , 1 : 249 – 269 .
  • Achilli , A. , Cath , T.Y. and Childress , A.E. 2009 . Power generation with pressure retarded osmosis: An experimental and theoretical investigation . J. Membr. Sci. , 343 ( 1–2 ) : 42 – 52 .
  • Ge , Q. 2011 . Hydrophilic superparamagnetic nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and performance in forward osmosis processes . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 50 ( 1 ) : 382 – 388 .
  • Popper , K. 1966 . Dyalizer concentrates beverages . Food Eng. , 38 : 102 – 104 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.