Preliminary experiments on UF pretreatment for SWRO

References

• Fernandez , G. , Plaza , F. , Garralon , G. , Garralon , A. , Perez , J.I. and Gomez , M.A. 2012 . A comparative study if ultrafiltration and physicochemical process as pretreatment of seawater reverse osmosis . Desalin. Water Treat. , 42 : 73 – 79 .
   Google Scholar
• Greenlee , L.F. , Lawler , D.F. , Freeman , B.D. , Marrot , B. and Moulin , P. 2009 . Reverse osmosis desalination: Water sources, technology and today’s challenges . Water Res. , 43 : 2317 – 2348 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waly , T. , Saleh , S. , Kennedy , M.D. , Witkamp , G.J. , Amy , G. and Schippers , J.C. 2009 . Will calcium carbonate really scale in seawater reverse osmosis? . Desalin. Water Treat. , 5 : 146 – 152 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fritzmann , C. , Löwenberg , J. , Wintgens , T. and Melin , T. 2007 . State of the art of reverse osmosis desalination . Desalination , 216 : 1 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-sheikh , A.H.H. 1997 . Seawater reverse osmosis pretreatment with an emphasis on the Jeddah Plant operation experience . Desalination , 110 : 183 – 192 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitrouli , S.T. , Yiantsios , S.G. , Karabelas , A.J. , Mitrakas , M. , Fǿllesdal , M. and Kjolseth , P.A. 2008 . Pretreatment for desalination of seawater from an open intake by dual-media filtration: Pilot testing and comparison of two different media . Desalination , 222 : 24 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebrahim , S. , Abdel-Jawad , M. , Bou-Hamad , S. and Safar , M. 2001 . Fifteen years of R&D program in seawater desalination at KISR Part I. Pretreatment technologies for RO systems . Desalination , 135 : 141 – 153 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnelye , V. , Sanz , M.A. , Durand , J.-P. , Plasse , L. , Gueguen , F. and Mazounie , P. 2004 . Reverse osmosis on open intake seawater: pre-treatment strategy . Desalination , 167 : 191 – 200 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Mashharawi , S.K. , Ghaffour , N. , Al-Ghamdi , M. and Amy , G.L. 2013 . Evaluating the efficiency of different microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes used as pretreatment for red sea water reverse osmosis desalination . Desalin. Water Treat. , 51 : 617 – 626 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prihasto , N. , Liu , Q.-F. and Kim , S.H. 2009 . Pre-treatment strategies for seawater desalination by reverse osmosis system . Desalination , 249 : 308 – 316 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guilibaud , J. , Massé , A. , Wolff , F.C. and Jaouen , P. 2013 . Seawater pretreatment by dead-end micro and ultrafiltration in pressure-driven inside feed . Desalin. Water Treat. , 51 : 416 – 422 .
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , J. , Gao , S. , Zeng , H. , Zhang , F. , Li , C. , Liu , Y. , Fu , D. and Ye , C. 2006 . Pilot testing of two inside-out UF modules prior to RO for high-turbidity seawater desalination . Desalination , 196 : 66 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Xu , J. , Ruan , G. , Gao , X. , Pan , X. , Su , B. and Gao , C. 2008 . Pilot study of inside-out and outside-in hollow fiber UF modules as direct pretreatment of seawater at low temperature for reverse osmosis . Desalination , 219 : 179 – 189 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García-Molina , V. , Chang , R. and Busch , M. 2010 . First year performance review of Magong UF/RO seawater desalination plant . Desalin. Water Treat. , 13 : 203 – 212 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riaza , A. , Shao , E. , Busch , M. , Suarez , J. , Salas , J. and Wang , D. 2010 . Performance of outside-in pressurized ultrafiltration in the Qingdao Pilot tests . Desalin. Water Treat. , 18 : 24 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brehant , A. , Bonnelye , V. and Perez , M. 2002 . Comparison of MF/UF pretreatment with conventional filtration prior to RO membranes for suface seawater desalination . Desalination , 144 : 353 – 360 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chua , K.T. , Hawlader , M.N.A. and Malek , A. 2003 . Pretreatment of seawater: Results of pilot trials in Singapore . Desalination , 159 : 225 – 243 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar