Study of reverse osmosis treatment for micropollutants rejection in advanced water reuse applications

References

• L. Prieto-Rodriguez, S. Miralles-Cuevas, I. Oller, A. Agüera, G. Puma, S. Malato, Treatment of emerging contaminants in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) effluents by solar photocatalysis using low TiO2 concentrations, J. Hazard. Mater. 211–212 (2012) 131–137.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.09.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• P.D. Hansen, Risk assessment of emerging contaminants in aquatic systems, TrAC, Trends Anal. Chem. 26 (2007) 1095–1099.10.1016/j.trac.2007.10.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C.G. Daughton, T.A. Ternes, Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: Agents of subtle change? Environ. Health Perspect. 107 (1999) 907–938.10.1289/ehp.99107s6907
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C.G. Daughton, Non-regulated water contaminants: Emerging research, Environ. Impact Assess. Rev. 24 (2004) 711–732.10.1016/j.eiar.2004.06.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Available from: www.epa.gov/ppcp/lit.html, accessed 5 April 2013.
   Google Scholar
• J.E. Drewes, T. Heberer, T. Rauch, K. Reddersen, Fate of pharmaceuticals during ground water recharge, Ground Water Monit. Rem. 23 (2003) 64–72.10.1111/gwmr.2003.23.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Available from: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/gama/, accessed 5 April 2013.
   Google Scholar
• S. Lee, J. Cho, M. Elimelech, Combined influence of natural organic matter (NOM) and colloidal particles on nanofiltration membrane fouling, J. Membr. Sci. 262 (2005) 27–41.10.1016/j.memsci.2005.03.043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. Bellona, M. Marts, J.E. Drewes, The effect of organic membrane fouling on the properties and rejection characteristics of nanofiltration membranes, Sep. Purif. Technol. 74 (2010) 44–54.10.1016/j.seppur.2010.05.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Kimura, G. Amy, J.E. Drewes, T. Heberer, T. Kim, Y. Watanabe, Rejection of organic micropollutants (disinfection by-products, endocrine disrupting compounds, and pharmaceutically active compounds) by NF/RO membranes, J. Membr. Sci. 227 (2003) 113–121.10.1016/j.memsci.2003.09.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A.A. Alturki, N. Tadkaew, J.A. McDonal, S.J. Khan, W.E. Price, L.D. Nghiem, Combining MBR and NF/RO membrane filtration for the removal of trace organics in direct potable water reuse applications, J. Membr. Sci. 365 (2010) 206–215.10.1016/j.memsci.2010.09.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. Martínez, N. Ramírez, V. Gómez, E. Pocurull, F. Borrull, Simultaneous determination of 76 micropollutants in water samples by headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Talanta 116 (2013) 937–945.10.1016/j.talanta.2013.07.055
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste water, twenty-first ed., Published by the American Public Health Association, Water Environment Federation, and the American Water Works Association, 2005. Available from: http://www.standardmethods.org/, accessed 5 April 2013.
   Google Scholar
• B. Słomczyńska, T. Słomczyński, Physico-chemical and toxicological characteristics of leachates from MSW landfills, Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 13 (2004) 627–637.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N. Park, B. Kwon, S. Kim, J. Cho, Characterizations of the colloidal and microbial organic matters with respect to membrane fouling, J. Membr. Sci. 275 (2006) 29–36.10.1016/j.memsci.2005.08.020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. Bellona, J.E. Drewes, P. Xu, G. Amy, Factors affecting the rejection of organic solutes during NF/RO treatment—A literature review, Water Res. 38 (2004) 2795–2809.10.1016/j.watres.2004.03.034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Available from: www.dowwaterandprocess.com, accessed 10 April 2013.
   Google Scholar
• V. Gomez, K. Majamaa, E. Pocurull, F. Borrull, Determination and occurrence of organic micropollutants in reverse osmosis treatment for advance water reuse, Water Sci. Technol. 66(1) (2012) 61–71.10.2166/wst.2012.166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. Van der Bruggen, C. Vandecasteele, Removal of pollutants from surface water and groundwater bynanofiltration: Overview of possible applications in the drinking water industry, Environ. Pollut. 122 (2003) 435–445.10.1016/S0269-7491(02)00308-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A.M. Urtiaga, G. Pérez, R. Ibáñez, I. Ortiz, Removal of pharmaceuticals from a WWTP secondary effluent by ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis followed by electrochemical oxidation of the RO concentrate, Desalination 331 (2013) 26–34.10.1016/j.desal.2013.10.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• P. Cartagena, M. El Kaddouri, V. Cases, A. Trapote, D. Prats, Reduction of emerging micropollutants, organic matter, nutrients and salinity from real waste water by combined MBR-NF/RO treatment, Sep. Purif. Technol. 110 (2013) 132–143.10.1016/j.seppur.2013.03.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar