Studies on various operating parameters for the removal of COD from pulp and paper industry using electrocoagulation process

References

• S. Singh, An overview of Indian agro-based paper mills, in: P.K. Tewari (Ed.), Liquid Asset, Proceedings of the Indo-EU Workshop on Promoting Efficient Water Use in Agro Based Industries, TERI Press, New Delhi, 2004, pp. 31–33.
   Google Scholar
• D. Pokhrel, T. Viraraghavan, Treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater—A review, Sci. Total Environ. 333 (2003) 37–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pulp and Paper Mills, Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook, World Bank Group, July 1998.
   Google Scholar
• K. Schumacher, J. Sathaye, India’s Pulp and Paper Industry: Productivity and Energy Efficiency, in: Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER), Office of Energy Research, U.S. Department of Energy, Under Contract no. DE-AC03-76SF00098, July 1999.
   Google Scholar
• K.S. Rajesh, M. Singaravel, P. Sankaralingam, S. Subramanian, S.V. Subrahmanyam, Color removal from pulp and paper mill effluent-methods and industrial applications—A review, J. Indian Pulp Pap. Tech. Assoc. 21(1) (2009) 143–148.
   Google Scholar
• C.W. Bryant, G.L. Amy, B.C. Alleman, Lagoons, ponds, and aerobic digestion, J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 60 (1988) 828–831.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T. Kreetachat, M. Damrongsri, V. Punsuwon, P. Vaithanomsat, C. Chiemchaisri, C. Chomsurin, Effects of ozonation process on lignin-derived compounds in pulp and paper mill effluents, Biochem. Eng. J. 35 (2006) 365–370.
   Google Scholar
• O. Larue, E. Vorobiev, Floc size estimation in iron induced electrocoagulation and coagulation using sedimentation data, Int. J. Min. Process. 71 (2003) 1–15.10.1016/S0301-7516(03)00026-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Zodi, O. Potier, F. Lapicque, J.P. Leclerc, Treatment of the textile wastewaters by electrocoagulation: Effect of operating parameters on the sludge settling characteristics, Sep. Purif. Technol. 69 (2009) 29–36.10.1016/j.seppur.2009.06.028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. Merzouk, B. Gourich, A. Sekki, K. Madani, M. Chibane, Removal turbidity and separation of heavy metals using electrocoagulation–electroflotation technique. A case study, J. Hazard. Mater. 164 (2009) 215–222.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.07.144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Zodi, O. Potier, F. Lapicque, J.P. Leclerc, Treatment of the industrial wastewaters by electrocoagulation: Optimization of coupled electrochemical and sedimentation processes, Desalination 261 (2010) 186–190.10.1016/j.desal.2010.04.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. Meas, J.A. Ramirez, M.A. Villalon, T.W. Chapman, Industrial wastewaters treated by electrocoagulation, Electrochim. Acta 55 (2010) 8165–8171.10.1016/j.electacta.2010.05.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Khansorthong, M. Hunsom, Remediation of wastewater from pulp and paper mill industry by the electrochemical technique, Chem. Eng. J. 151 (2009) 228–234.10.1016/j.cej.2009.02.038
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E.S.Z. El-Ashtoukhy, N.K. Amin, O. Abdelwahab, Treatment of paper mill effluents in a batch-stirred electrochemical tank reactor, Chem. Eng. J. 146 (2009) 205–210.10.1016/j.cej.2008.05.037
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Eskelinen, H.T. Sarkka, A.M. Kurniawan, E.T. Sillanpaa, Removal of recalcitrant contaminants from bleaching effluents in pulp and paper mills using ultrasonic irradiation and Fenton-like oxidation, electrochemical treatment, and/or chemical precipitation: A comparative study, Desalination 255 (2010) 179–187.10.1016/j.desal.2009.12.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Ugurlu, A. Gurses, C. Dogarc, M. Yalcin, The removal of lignin and phenol from paper mill effluents by electrocoagulation, J. Environ. Manage. 87 (2008) 420–428.10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.01.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. Sridhar, V. Sivakumar, V. Prince Immanuel, J. Prakash Maran, Treatment of pulp and paper industry bleaching effluent by electrocoagulation process, J. Hazard. Mater. 186(2–3) (2011) 199–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. Katal, H. Pahlavanzadeh, Influence of different combinations of aluminium and iron electrode on electrocoagulation efficiency. Application to the treatment of paper mill wastewater, Desalination 265 (2011) 199–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. Sridhar, V. Sivakumar, V. Prince Immanuel, J. Prakash Maran, Treatment of pulp and paper industry bleaching effluent by electrocoagulation process, J. Hazard. Mater. 186 (2011) 1495–1502.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Zodi, J.-N. Louvet, C. Michon, O. Potier, M.-N. Pons, F. Lapicque, J.-P. Leclerc, Electrocoagulation as a tertiary treatment for paper mill wastewater: Removal of non-biodegradable organic pollution and arsenic, Sep. Purif. Technol. 81(1) (2011) 62–68.10.1016/j.seppur.2011.07.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Ugurlu, A. Gurses, C. Dogar, M. Yalcın, The removal of lignin and phenol from paper mill effluents by electrocoagulation, J. Environ. Manage. 87 (2008) 420–428.10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.01.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Vepsäläinen, H. Kivisaari, M. Pulliainen, A. Oikari, M. Sillanpää, Removal of toxic pollutants from pulp mill effluents by electrocoagulation, Sep. Purif. Technol. 81(2) (2011) 141–150.10.1016/j.seppur.2011.07.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. Sridhar, V. Sivakumar, V. Prince Immanuel, J. Prakash Maran, Treatment of pulp and paper industry bleaching effluent by electrocoagulant process, J. Hazard. Mater. 28(2–3) (2011) 1495–1502.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Mahesh, B. Prasad, I.D. Mall, I.M. Mishra, Electrochemical degradation of pulp and paper mill waste water. Part 1. COD and color removal, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 45 (2006) 2830–2839.10.1021/ie0514096
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Zaied, N. Bellakhal, Electrocoagulation treatment of black liquor from paper industry, J. Hazard. Mater. 163 (2009) 995–1000.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.07.115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J.H. Lora, R. Caro, J.-N. Cloutier, Treatment of non-wood black liquors by electrolysis and lignin precipitation, Tappi Engineering, Pulping and Environmental Conference Proceedings, TAPPI PRESS, Atlanta. (2005) 267–271.
   Google Scholar
• M. Kobya, O.T. Can, M. Bayramoglu, Treatment of textile wastewaters by electrocoagulation using iron and aluminium electrodes, J. Hazard. Mater. B100 (2003) 163–178.10.1016/S0304-3894(03)00102-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. Olad, A.R. Amani-Ghadim, M.S.S. Dorraji, M.H. Rasoulifard, Removal of the alphazurine FG dye from simulated solution by electrocoagulation, CLEAN—Soil Air Water 38(4) (2010) 401–408.10.1002/clen.v38:4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Saravanan, N.P. Sambhamurthy, M. Sivarajan, Treatment of acid blue 113 dye solution using iron electrocoagulation, CLEAN—Soil Air Water 38(5–6) (2010) 565–571.10.1002/clen.200900278
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. Olad, A.R. Amani-Ghadim, M.S.S. Dorraji, M.H. Rasoulifard, Removal of the alphazurine FG dye from simulated solution by electrocoagulation, Clean—Soil Air Water 38(4) (2010) 401–408.10.1002/clen.v38:4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N. Daneshvar, A.R. Khataee, A.R. Amani Ghadim, M.H. Rasoulifard, Decolorization of C.I. Acid Yellow 23 solution by electrocoagulation process: Investigation of operational parameters and evaluation of specific electrical energy consumption (SEEC), J. Hazard. Mater. 148 (2007) 566–572.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.03.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. Dalvand, M. Gholami, A. Joneidi, N. Mohammad Mahmoodi, Dye removal, energy consumption and operating cost of electrocoagulation of textile wastewater as a clean process, Clean—Soil Air Water 39(7) (2011) 665–672.10.1002/clen.v39.7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Bayramoglu, M. Kobya, M. Eyvazb, E. Senturk, Technical and economic analysis of electrocoagulation for the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater, Sep. Purif. Technol. 51 (2006) 404–408.10.1016/j.seppur.2006.03.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• W.-L. Choua, C.-T. Wang, K.-Y. Huang, Effect of operating parameters on indium (III) ion removal by iron electrocoagulation and evaluation of specific energy consumption, J. Hazard. Mater. 167 (2009) 467–474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R.J.A. Gosselink, W. Teunissen, J.E.G. van Dama, E. de Jong, G. Gellerstedt, E.L. Scott, J.P.M. Sanders, Lignin depolymerisation in supercritical carbon dioxide/acetone/water fluid for the production of aromatic chemicals, Bioresour. Technol. 106 (2012) 173–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar