The Construction of a Human Development Index at the Household Level and the Measurement of Human Development Disparities in Punjab (Pakistan)

References

• Ahmad, I., and M. U. Haq. 2021. “Local Governments and Sustainable Urban Development; A Case Study of Punjab.” Journal of Evaluation 13 (2): 234–258.
   Google Scholar
• Ali, M. A., M. Hassan, M. Mehmood, D. H. Kazmi, F. A. Chishtie, and I. Shahid. 2022. “The Potential Impact of Climate Extremes on Cotton and Wheat Crops in Southern Punjab, Pakistan.” Sustainability 14 (3): 1609. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031609.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alkire, S., and J. E. Foster. 2010. “Designing the Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index.” OPHI Working Paper No 37. Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• Anand, S., and A. Sen. 1994. Human Development Index: Methodology and Measurement (No. HDOCPA-1994-02). Human Development Report Office (HDRO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
   Google Scholar
• Anand, S., and A. Sen. 2000. “The Income Component of the Human Development Index.” Journal of Human Development 1 (1): 83–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649880050008782.
   Google Scholar
• Asghar, N., T. A. Naveed, and S. Saleem. 2017. “Impact of Social, Political and Economic Globalization on Gender Inequality Index in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis.” Journal of South Asian Studies 32 (2).
   Google Scholar
• Aslam, A. Q., S. R. Ahmad, I. Ahmad, Y. Hussain, and M. S. Hussain. 2017. “Vulnerability and Impact Assessment of Extreme Climatic Event: A Case Study of Southern Punjab, Pakistan.” Science of the Total Environment 580: 468–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Attanasio, O., and K. Kaufmann. 2009. Educational Choices, Subjective Expectations, and Credit Constraints.
   Google Scholar
• Baliamoune-Lutz, M. N. 2004. “Does FDI Contribute to Economic Growth? Knowledge About the Effects of FDI Improves Negotiating Positions and Reduces Risk for Firms Investing in Developing Countries.” Business Economics 39 (2): 49–57.
   Google Scholar
• Bellù, L. G., and P. Liberati. 2006. “Inequality Analysis: The Gini Index.” FAO, EASYPol Module 40.
   Google Scholar
• Bhanojirao, V. V. 1991. “Human Development Report 1990: Review and Assessment.” World Development 19 (10): 1451–1460. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(91)90087-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Case, A., and A. Deaton. 2015. “Rising Morbidity and Mortality in Midlife among White Non-Hispanic Americans in the 21st Century.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112 (49): 15078–15083. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1518393112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheema, A., L. Khalid, and M. Patnam. 2008. “The Geography of Poverty: Evidence from the Punjab.” The Lahore Journal of Economics 13 (1): 163–188. https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2008.v13.isp.a10.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, S., and M. Ravallion. 2004. “How Have the World's Poorest Fared Since the Early 1980s?” The World Bank Research Observer 19 (2): 141–169. https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/lkh020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chetty, R., N. Hendren, P. Kline, and E. Saez. 2014. “Where is the Land of Opportunity? The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 129 (4): 1553–1623. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qju022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cobham, A., and A. Sumner. 2013a. Is it all about the tails? The Palma measure of income inequality. Center for Global Development working paper, (343).
   Google Scholar
• Cobham, A., and A. Sumner. 2013b. Putting the Gini Back in the Bottle? The Palma as a Policy-Relevant Measure of Inequality. 1–30. London: King's College.
   Google Scholar
• Costanza, R., B. Fisher, S. Ali, C. Beer, L. Bond, R. Boumans, N. L. Danigelis, et al. 2007. “Quality of Life: An Approach Integrating Opportunities, Human Needs, and Subjective Well-Being.” Ecological Economics 61 (2–3): 267–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.02.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costanza, R., M. Hart, J. Talberth, and S. Posner. 2009. Beyond GDP: The Need for New Measures of Progress. The Pardee Papers. No. 4, Boston.
   Google Scholar
• Currie, J., and M. Stabile. 2003. “Socioeconomic Status and Child Health: Why is the Relationship Stronger for Older Children?” American Economic Review 93 (5): 1813–1823. https://doi.org/10.1257/000282803322655563.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deaton, A. 2013. “The Great Escape.” In The Great Escape. Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• De Maio, F. G. 2007. “Income Inequality Measures.” Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 61 (10): 849–852. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2006.052969.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Neve, J.-W., K. Harttgen, and S. Verguet. 2020. “Nationally and Regionally Representative Analysis of 1.65 Million Children Aged Under 5 Years Using a Child-Based Human Development Index: A Multi-Country Cross-Sectional Study.” PLoS Medicine 17 (3): e1003054. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003054.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Schutter, O., H. Frazer, A. C. Guio, and E. Marlier. 2023. The Escape from Poverty: Breaking the Vicious Cycles Perpetuating Disadvantage. Bristol: Policy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Friedman, M. 1957. A Theory of the Consumption Function. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gasper, D., A. V. Portocarrero, and A. L. S. Clair. 2013. “The Framing of Climate Change and Development: A Comparative Analysis of the Human Development Report 2007/8 and the World Development Report 2010.” Global Environmental Change 23 (1): 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.10.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaye, A., and S. Jha. 2010. “A Review of Conceptual and Measurement Innovations in National and Regional Human Development Reports, 1998–2009.” Human Development Research Paper 21.
   Google Scholar
• George, H. 1879. Progress and Poverty: An Inquiry Into the Cause of Industrial Depressions, and of Increase of Want with Increase of Wealth. The Remedy. New York: D. Appleton and Company.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Finance. 2017. Economic Survey of Pakistan 2017. Ministry of Finance. http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey_1617.html.
   Google Scholar
• Grimm, M., K. Harttgen, S. Klasen, and M. Misselhorn. 2008. “A Human Development Index by Income Groups.” World Development 36 (12): 2527–2546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.12.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimm, M., K. Harttgen, S. Klasen, M. Misselhorn, T. Munzi, and T. Smeeding. 2010. “Inequality in Human Development: An Empirical Assessment of 32 Countries.” Social Indicators Research 97 (2): 191–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-009-9497-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guio, A.-C., D. Gordon, H. N. Catalan, and M. Pomati. 2017. Revising the EU Material Deprivation Variables. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
   Google Scholar
• Guio, A.-C., D. Gordon, and E. Marlier. 2012. Measuring Material Deprivation in the EU Indicators for the Whole Population and Child-Specific Indicators. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
   Google Scholar
• Guio, A. C., D. Gordon, E. Marlier, H. N. Catalan, and M. Pomati. 2018. “Towards an EU Measure of Child Deprivation.” Child Indicators Research 11 (3): 835–860. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-017-9491-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guio, A.-C., D. Gordon, E. Marlier, E. Fahmy, S. Nandy, and M. Pomati. 2016. “Improving the Measurement of Material Deprivation at EU Level.” Journal of European Social Policy 26 (3): 219–333. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928716642947.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harttgen, K., and S. Klasen. 2009. The well-being of migrant children and migrant youth in Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Harttgen, K., and S. Klasen. 2012. “A Household-Based Human Development Index.” World Development 40 (5): 878–899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.09.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hicks, D. A. 1997. “The Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index: A Constructive Proposal.” World Development 25 (8): 1283–1298. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(97)00034-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopkins, M. 1991. “Human Development Revisited: A new UNDP Report.” World Development 19 (10): 1469–1473. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(91)90089-Z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahneman, D., and A. B. Krueger. 2006. “Developments in the Measurement of Subjective Well-Being.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 20 (1): 3–24. https://doi.org/10.1257/089533006776526030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelley, A. C. 1991. “The Human Development Index:” Handle with Care”.” Population and Development Review, 315–324. https://doi.org/10.2307/1973733.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keynes, J. M. 1937. “The General Theory of Employment.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 51 (2): 209–223. https://doi.org/10.2307/1882087.
   Google Scholar
• Lopez-Calva, L. F., and E. A. Ortiz-Juarez. 2012. “Household-Based Distribution-Sensitive Human Development Index: An Empirical Application to Mexico, Nicaragua and Peru.” Social Indicators Research 109 (3): 395–411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-011-9908-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovejoy, A. O. 1923. “The Supposed Primitivism of Rousseau's” Discourse on Inequality”.” Modern Philology 21 (2): 165–186. https://doi.org/10.1086/387491.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, K. 1867. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Vol. 1, The Process of Capitalist Production. Trans. S. Moore and E. Averling. F. Engles (ed.). NY: International Publishers. First published.
   Google Scholar
• Mishra, S. 2008. On A Class of Human Development Index Measures - Srijit Mishra and Hippu Salk Kristle Nathan, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research. India. https://policycommons.net/artifacts/2209744/on-a-class-of-human-development-index-measures/2966106/ on 14 Jul 2023. CID: 20.500.12592/90xfrp.
   Google Scholar
• Mughal, M. A. 2020. “Ethnicity, Marginalization, and Politics: Saraiki Identity and the Quest for a New Southern Punjab Province in Pakistan.” Asian Journal of Political Science 28 (3): 294–311. https://doi.org/10.1080/02185377.2020.1814360.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Najam, A., and F. Bari. 2017. Pakistan National Human Development Report 2017. United Nations Development Programme, Islamabad, Pakistan, United Nations Development Programme, Pakistan.
   Google Scholar
• Najera, H., and D. Gordon. 2019. “The Importance of Reliability and Construct Validity in Multidimensional Poverty Measurement: An Illustration Using the Multidimensional Poverty Index for Latin America (MPI-LA).” Journal of Development Studies 56 (9): 1763–1783. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2019.1663176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nandy, S., M. Irving, D. Gordon, S. V. Subramanian, and D. Davey Smith. 2005. “Poverty, Child Undernutrition and Morbidity: New Evidence from India.” Bulletin of the World Health Organisation 83 (3): 210–216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naoroji, D. 1901. Poverty and Un-British Rule in India. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co.
   Google Scholar
• Naveed, T. A. 2020. Measurement and Determinants of Human Development Disparities at Household Level in Punjab (Pakistan): An Evidence from Survey Data. (PhD), University of Gujrat, http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/15553(20682).
   Google Scholar
• Naveed, T. A., D. Gordon, and S. Ullah. 2018. “Measurement of Educational Disparities in Punjab (Pakistan): An Analysis from MICS’s Micro-Data.” Pakistan Journal of Social Issues 7 (1): 26–49.
   Google Scholar
• Naveed, T. A., D. Gordon, S. Ullah, and M. Zhang. 2021. “The Construction of an Asset Index at the Household Level and Measurement of Economic Disparities in Punjab (Pakistan) by Using MICS-Micro Data.” Social Indicators Research 155 (1): 73–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-020-02594-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naveed, A., and S. A. Khan. 2018. Widening Disparities: Public Sector Spending and Poverty Across Districts in Punjab. Islamabad.: Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund.
   Google Scholar
• Naveed, T. A., K. Sarwar, M. S. e Ali, M. S. Irshad, and M. Taqi. 2022. “Globalization and Gender Disparities: A Social, Economic and Political Perspective for South Asian Countries.” Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government 28 (3).
   Google Scholar
• Nawab, T., S. Raza, M. S. Shabbir, G. Yahya Khan, and S. Bashir. 2023. “Multidimensional Poverty Index Across Districts in Punjab, Pakistan: Estimation and Rationale to Consolidate with SDGs.” Environment, Development and Sustainability 25 (2): 1301–1325. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-02095-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Office for National Statistics. 2018. Annual Report of the Chief Medical Officer, 2018: Health 2040 - Better Health Within Reach. Office for National Statistics.
   Google Scholar
• Palma, J. G. 2011. “Homogeneous Middles vs. Heterogeneous Tails, and the end of the ‘Inverted-U’: It's All About the Share of the Rich.” Development and Change 42 (1): 87–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2011.01694.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panigrahi, R., and S. Sivramkrishna. 2002. “An Adjusted Human Development Index: Robust Country Rankings with Respect to the Choice of Fixed Maximum and Minimum Indicator Values.” Journal of Human Development 3 (2): 301–311. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649880220147365.
   Google Scholar
• Pareto, V. 1892. “State Expenditures in Italy as Compared with the National Wealth.” The Economic Journal 2 (7): 561–564. https://doi.org/10.2307/2955991.
   Google Scholar
• Permanyer, I. 2013. “Using Census Data to Explore the Spatial Distribution of Human Development.” World Development 46: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.11.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piketty, T., A. Béja, and M. O. Padis. 2013. “The Return of Capital and the Growth of Inequality.” Esprit 11 (11): 85–95. https://doi.org/10.3917/espri.1311.0085.
   Google Scholar
• Preston, S. H. 1975. “The Changing Relation Between Mortality and Level of Economic Development.” Population Studies 29 (2): 231–248. https://doi.org/10.1080/00324728.1975.10410201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranis, G., F. Stewart, and E. Samman. 2006. “Human Development: Beyond the Human Development Index.” Journal of Human Development 7 (3): 323–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649880600815917.
   Google Scholar
• Raskall, P., and G. Matheson. 1992. “Understanding Gini Coefficient.” SPRC Newsletter 46.
   Google Scholar
• Ravallion, M. 1997. “Good and bad Growth: The Human Development Reports.” World Development 25 (5): 631–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(96)00141-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ray, A. K. 2008. “Measurement of Social Development: An International Comparison.” Social Indicators Research 86 (1): 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-007-9097-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sagar, A. D., and A. Najam. 1998. “The Human Development Index: A Critical Review.” Ecological Economics 25 (3): 249–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(97)00168-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sajjad, M., H. Munir, S. Kanwal, and S. A. A. Naqvi. 2022. “Spatial Inequalities in Education Status and Its Determinants in Pakistan: A District-Level Modeling in the Context of Sustainable Development Goal-4.” Applied Geography 140: 102665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2022.102665.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivasan, T. N. 1994. “Human Development: A new Paradigm or Reinvention of the Wheel?” The American Economic Review 84 (2): 238–243.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNDP. 2003. Human Development Report 2003: Millennium Development Goals: A Compact Among Nations to End Human Poverty. New York: UNDP.
   Google Scholar
• UNDP. 2010. Human Development Report 2010: The Real Wealth of Nations: Pathways to Human Development. New York: UNDP.
   Google Scholar
• UNDP. 2014. Human Development Report 2014: Sustaining Human Progress: Reducing vulnerabilities and building resilience. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-report-en-1.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• UNDP. 2016. Human Development Report 2016, Human Development for Everyone: Briefing Note for Countries on the 2016 Human Development Report (9789211264135).
   Google Scholar
• UNDP. 2018. National Human Development Report 2018. New York: UNDP.
   Google Scholar
• Weber, M. 1922. Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft: Grundriss der verstehenden Soziologie [Economy and Society: Outline of Understanding Sociology] Tübingen. JCB Mohr.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. 2017. National health inequality monitoring: A step-by-step manual. WHO. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/255652.
   Google Scholar
• Yumashev, A., B. Ślusarczyk, S. Kondrashev, and A. Mikhaylov. 2020. “Global Indicators of Sustainable Development: Evaluation of the Influence of the Human Development Index on Consumption and Quality of Energy.” Energies 13 (11): 2768. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13112768.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zulfiqar, G. M. 2022. “Inequality Regimes, Patriarchal Connectivity, and the Elusive Right to Own Land for Women in Pakistan.” Journal of Business Ethics 177 (1): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-020-04725-9.
   Google Scholar