Democratic innovations after the post-democratic turn: between activation and empowerment

References

• Arnstein, S. [1969] 2016. “A Ladder of Citizen Participation.” In The City Reader, edited by R. T. LeGates and F. Stout, 279–292. 6th ed. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bächtiger, A., S. Niemeyer, M. Neblo, M. R. Steenbergen, and J. Steiner. 2010. “Disentangling Diversity in Deliberative Democracy: Competing Theories, Their Blind Spots and Complementarities.” Journal of Political Philosophy 18 (1): 32–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barber, B. 2004. Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age. 20th Anniversary Edition. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bexell, M., and U. Mörth. 2010. “Introduction: Partnerships, Democracy, and Governance.” In Democracy and Public-Private Partnerships in Global Governance, edited by M. Bexell and U. Mörth, 3–23. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Blaug, R. 2002. “Engineering Democracy.” Political Studies 50 (1): 102–116. doi:10.1111/1467-9248.00361.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blühdorn, I. 2013a. Simulative Demokratie: Neue Politik nach der postdemokratischen Wende. Berlin: Suhrkamp.
   Google Scholar
• Blühdorn, I. 2013b. “The Governance of Unsustainability: Ecology and Democracy after the Post-democratic Turn.” Environmental Politics 22 (1): 16–36. doi:10.1080/09644016.2013.755005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blühdorn, I. 2014. “A massive escalation of truly disruptive action? Bürgerprotest und Nachhaltigkeit in der postdemokratischen Konstellation.” Forschungsjournal Soziale Bewegungen 27 (1): 27–37. doi:10.1515/fjsb-2014-0105.
   Google Scholar
• Blühdorn, I. 2016. “Das Postdemokratische Diskursquartett: Kommunikative Praxis in der simulativen Demokratie.” psychosozial 39 (1): 51–68.
   Google Scholar
• Böker, M. 2017. “Justification, Critique and Deliberative Legitimacy: The Limits of Mini-publics.” Contemporary Political Theory 16 (1): 19–40. doi:10.1057/cpt.2016.11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Böker, M., and S. Elstub. 2015. “The Possibility of Critical Mini-Publics: Realpolitik and Normative Cycles in Democratic Theory.” Representation 51 (1): 125–144. doi:10.1080/00344893.2015.1026205.
   Google Scholar
• Butzlaff, F. 2015. Die neuen Bürgerproteste in Deutschland: Organisatoren – Erwartungen – Demokratiebilder. Bielefeld: transcript.
   Google Scholar
• Carson, L. 2008. “Creating Democratic Surplus through Citizens’ Assemblies.” Journal of Public Deliberation 4 (1): Article 5.
   Google Scholar
• Carter, A., and G. Stokes, eds. 2002. Democratic Theory Today. Cambridge: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Chambers, S. 2009. “Rhetoric and the Public Sphere: Has Deliberative Democracy Abandoned Mass Democracy?” Political Theory 37 (3): 323–350. doi:10.1177/0090591709332336.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crouch, C. 2004. Post-Democracy. Cambridge: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Crouch, C. 2016. “The March Towards Post-Democracy, Ten Years On.” Political Quarterly 87 (1): 71–75. doi:10.1111/1467-923X.12210.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curato, N., and M. Böker. 2016. “Linking Mini-publics to the Deliberative System: A Research Agenda.” Policy Sciences 49 (2): 173–190. doi:10.1007/s11077-015-9238-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curato, N., J. S. Dryzek, S. A. Ercan, C. M. Hendriks, and S. Niemeyer. 2017. “Twelve Key Findings in Deliberative Democracy Research.” Daedalus 146 (3): 28–38. doi:10.1162/DAED_a_00444.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curato, N., M. Hammond, and J. B. Min. 2019. Power in Deliberative Democracy: Norms, Forums, Systems. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Curato, N., S. Niemeyer, and J. S. Dryzek. 2013. “Appreciative and Contestatory Inquiry in Deliberative Forums: Can Group Hugs Be Dangerous?” Critical Policy Studies 7 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1080/19460171.2012.758595.
   Google Scholar
• Dahl, R. 1989. Democracy and Its Critics. New Haven: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Delap, C. 2001. “Citizens’ Juries: Reflections on the UK Experience.” PLA Notes 40: 39–42. Accessed 23 August 2017. http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G01929.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Dryzek, J. S. 1990. Discursive Democracy: Politics, Policy, and Political Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dryzek, J. S. 2000. Deliberative Democracy and Beyond: Liberals, Critics, Contestations. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dryzek, J. S. 2010. Foundations and Frontiers of Deliberative Governance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dryzek, J. S. 2016. “Can There Be a Human Right to an Essentially Contested Concept? The Case of Democracy.” Journal of Politics 78 (2): 357–367. doi:10.1086/684585.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dryzek, J. S., R. E. Goodin, A. Tucker, and B. Reber. 2009. “Promethean Elites Encounter Precautionary Publics: The Case of GM Foods.” Science, Technology and Human Values 34 (3): 263–288. doi:10.1177/0162243907310297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elstub, S. 2010. “The Third Generation of Deliberative Democracy.” Political Studies Review 8 (3): 291–307. doi:10.1111/j.1478-9302.2010.00216.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Extinction Rebellion. 2019. The Extinction Rebellion Guide to Citizens’ Assemblies. Accessed 23 December 2019. https://rebellion.earth/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/The-Extinction-Rebellion-Guide-to-Citizens-Assemblies-Version-1.1-25-June-2019.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Fishkin, J. S., and J. Mansbridge. 2017. “Introduction.” Daedalus 146 (3): 6–13. doi:10.1162/DAED_x_00442.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fishkin, J. S., R. C. Luskin, and R. Jowell. 2000. “Deliberative Polling and Public Consultation.” Parliamentary Affairs 53 (4): 657–666. doi:10.1093/pa/53.4.657.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Floridia, A. 2017. From Participation to Deliberation: A Critical Genealogy of Deliberative Democracy. Colchester: ECPR Press.
   Google Scholar
• Forst, R. 2012. The Right to Justification: Elements of a Constructivist Theory of Justice. New York: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Freschi, A. C., and V. Mete. 2009. “The Political Meanings of Institutional Deliberative Experiments: Findings on the Italian Case.” Sociologica 2 (3): 1–54.
   Google Scholar
• Fung, A. 2003. “Survey Article: Recipes for Public Spheres: Eight Institutional Design Choices and Their Consequences.” Journal of Political Philosophy 11 (3): 338–367. doi:10.1111/1467-9760.00181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fung, A., and E. O. Wright. 2001. “Deepening Democracy: Innovations in Empowered Participatory Governance.” Politics & Society 29 (5): 5–41. doi:10.1177/0032329201029001002.
   Google Scholar
• Geißel, B. 2013. “Introduction: On the Evaluation of Participatory Innovations – A Preliminary Framework.” In Participatory Democratic Innovations in Europe: Improving the Quality of Democracy?, edited by B. Geißel and M. Joas, 9–32. Opladen: Barbara Budrich.
   Google Scholar
• Geißel, B., and K. Newton, eds. 2012. Evaluating Democratic Innovations: Curing the Democratic Malaise? Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Geißel, B., and M. Joas, eds. 2013. Participatory Democratic Innovations in Europe: Improving the Quality of Democracy? Opladen: Barbara Budrich.
   Google Scholar
• Glasbergen, P., F. Biermann, and A. P. J. Mol, eds. 2007. Partnerships, Governance and Sustainable Development: Reflections on Theory and Practice. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Goodin, R. E. 2008. Innovating Democracy: Democratic Theory and Practice after the Deliberative Turn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goodin, R. E., and J. S. Dryzek. 2006. “Deliberative Impacts: The Macro-Political Uptake of Mini-Publics.” Politics & Society 34 (2): 219–244. doi:10.1177/0032329206288152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habermas, J. 1996. Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Hammond, M. 2019. “Deliberative Democracy as a Critical Theory.” Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 22 (7): 787–808. doi:10.1080/13698230.2018.1438333.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendriks, C. M., and L. Carson. 2008. “Can the Market Help the Forum? Negotiating the Commercialization of Deliberative Democracy.” Policy Sciences 41 (4): 293–315. doi:10.1007/s11077-008-9069-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joly, P.-B., C. Marris, G. Assouline, and J. Lemarié. 1999. “Quand les candides évaluent les OGM: Nouveau modèle de « démocratie technique » ou mise en scène du débat public?” Annales des Mines Avril 1999: 12–21.
   Google Scholar
• Knops, A. 2006. “Delivering Deliberation’s Emancipatory Potential.” Political Theory 34 (5): 594–623. doi:10.1177/0090591706290780.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luskin, R. C., J. S. Fishkin, and R. Jowell. 2002. “Considered Opinions: Deliberative Polling in Britain.” British Journal of Political Science 32 (3): 455–487. doi:10.1017/S0007123402000194.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neblo, M. A. 2015. Deliberative Democracy between Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Newton, K. 2012a. “Curing the Democratic Malaise with Democratic Innovations.” In Evaluating Democratic Innovations: Curing the Democratic Malaise?, edited by B. Geißel and K. Newton, 3–20. Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Newton, K. 2012b. “Making Better Citizens?” In Evaluating Democratic Innovations: Curing the Democratic Malaise?, edited by B. Geißel and K. Newton, 137–162. Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Niemeyer, S. 2014. “Scaling up Deliberation to Mass Publics: Harnessing Mini-publics in a Deliberative System.” In Deliberative Mini-Publics: Involving Citizens in the Democratic Process, edited by K. Grönlund, A. Bächtiger, and M. Setälä, 177–202. Colchester: ECPR Press.
   Google Scholar
• Normann Andersen, V., and K. M. Hansen. 2007. “How Deliberation Makes Better Citizens: The Danish Deliberative Poll on the Euro.” European Journal of Political Research 46 (4): 531–556. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2007.00699.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Offe, C. 2017. “Referendum Vs. Institutionalized Deliberation: What Democratic Theorists Can Learn from the 2016 Brexit Decision.” Daedalus 146 (3): 14–27. doi:10.1162/DAED_a_00443.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parry, G. 1972. “Introduction.” In Participation in Politics, edited by G. Parry, 3–38. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pateman, C. 1970. Participation and Democratic Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pateman, C. 2012. “Participatory Democracy Revisited.” Perspectives on Politics 10 (1): 7–19. doi:10.1017/S1537592711004877.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rancière, J. 2014. Hatred of Democracy. London: Verso.
   Google Scholar
• Rawls, J. 1993. Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rostbøll, C. F. 2009. “Dissent, Criticism, and Transformative Political Action in Deliberative Democracy.” Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 12 (1): 19–36. doi:10.1080/13698230902738577.
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, M., and G. Smith. 2014. “Defining Mini-Publics.” In Deliberative Mini-Publics: Involving Citizens in the Democratic Process, edited by K. Grönlund, A. Bächtiger, and M. Setälä, 9–26. Colchester: ECPR Press.
   Google Scholar
• Saward, M., ed. 2000. Democratic Innovation: Deliberation, Representation and Association. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Schouten, G., P. Leroy, and P. Glasbergen. 2012. “On the Deliberative Capacity of Private Multi-stakeholder Governance: The Roundtables on Responsible Soy and Responsible Palm Oil.” Ecological Economics 83: 42–50. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.08.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Setälä, M., and K. Herne. 2014. “Normative Theory and Experimental Research in the Study of Deliberative Mini-Publics.” In Deliberative Mini-Publics: Involving Citizens in the Democratic Process, edited by K. Grönlund, A. Bächtiger, and M. Setälä, 59–75. Colchester: ECPR Press.
   Google Scholar
• Setälä, M., and G. Smith. 2018. “Mini-publics and Deliberative Democracy.” In Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy, edited by A. Bächtiger, J. Dryzek, J. Mansbridge, and M. Warren, 300–314. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, G. 2009. Democratic Innovations: Designing Institutions for Citizen Participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Susen, S. 2009. “Between Emancipation and Domination: Habermasian Reflections on the Empowerment and Disempowerment of the Human Subject.” Pli 20: 80–110.
   Google Scholar
• The Constitution Unit. 2017. “A Considered Public Voice on Brexit: The Report of the Citizens’ Assembly on Brexit.” Accessed 23 December 2019. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/constitution-unit/sites/constitution-unit/files/The_Report_of_the_Citizens__Assembly_on_Brexit.pdf
   Google Scholar
• UK Parliament. 2019. “Parliament Sends 30,000 Invitations for Citizens’ Assembly on Climate Change.” Accessed 23 December 2019. https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/business-energy-industrial-strategy/news-parliament-2017/citizens-assembly-climate-change-19-20/
   Google Scholar
• Ward, H., A. Norval, T. Landman, and J. Pretty. 2003. “Open Citizens’ Juries and the Politics of Sustainability.” Political Studies 51 (2): 282–299. doi:10.1111/1467-9248.00424.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warren, M. E. 2009. “Governance-driven Democratization.’ Critical Policy Studies 3 (1):3-13.wright, Christopher and Daniel Nyberg. 2014. ‘Creative Self-destruction: Corporate Responses to Climate Change as Political Myths.” Environmental Politics 23 (2): 205–223.
   Google Scholar
• Wright, C., and D. Nyberg. 2014. “Creative Self-Destruction: Corporate Responses to Climate Change as Political Myths.” Environmental Politics 23 (2): 205–223. doi:10.1080/09644016.2013.867175
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar